Mitral annulus and left atrium wall abscess fistulized to the left ventricle

The Mitral Valve (MV) is the left atrioventricular valve that controls blood flow between the left atrium and the left ventricle (Fig 1A-B). It has four main components: (i) the mitral annulus — a fibromuscular ring at the base of the left atrium and the ventricle; (ii) two collagenous planar leaflets — anterior and posterior; (iii) web of chordae and (iv) two papillary muscles (PM) that are part of the left ventricle (LV). Normal function of the mitral valve involves a delicate force balance between different components of the valve.

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Impact of Secondary Chordal Cutting on Mitral Valve Closure and Chordal Force Distribution in an Ischemic Dilated Ventricle: Engineering Insight and Clinical Implications

ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/sbc2009-206564 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Muralidhar Padala ◽

Lazarina I. Gyoneva ◽

Ajit P. Yoganathan

Keyword(s):

Mitral Valve ◽

Left Ventricle ◽

Left Atrium ◽

Mitral Annulus ◽

Free Edge ◽

Normal Function ◽

Force Balance ◽

Atrioventricular Valve ◽

Chordae Tendineae ◽

Main Components

The Mitral Valve (MV) is the left atrioventricular valve that controls blood flow between the left atrium and the left ventricle (Fig 1A-B). It has four main components: (i) the mitral annulus – a fibromuscular ring at the base of the left atrium and the ventricle; (ii) two collagenous planar leaflets – anterior and posterior; (iii) web of chordae tendineae – classified into primary (inserting at the free edge of the leaflet), secondary (inserting into the base of the leaflet), tertiary (inserting into the annulus); and (iv) two papillary muscles that are part of the left ventricle. Normal function of the mitral valve involves a delicate force balance between different components of the valve.

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P287 Assessment of mitral regurgitation and mitral geometry in patients after transcatheter aortic valve implantation

European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging ◽

10.1093/ehjci/jez319.141 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

D Sorysz ◽

A Krawczyk-Ozog ◽

T Tokarek ◽

B Zawislak ◽

M Stapor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Left Ventricle ◽

Mitral Regurgitation ◽

Aortic Stenosis ◽

Left Atrium ◽

Severe Aortic Stenosis ◽

Mitral Annulus ◽

Severe Mitral Regurgitation ◽

Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽

Aortic Valve Implantation ◽

Valve Implantation

Abstract Introduction Mitral regurgitation is often found in conjunction with aortic stenosis and the prevalence of both valvular lesions increases with age. Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate mitral regurgitation, left ventricle and left atrium in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Methods A total of 31 patients (29% males) with severe aortic stenosis and moderate or severe mitral regurgitation, who underwent TAVI were included in this study. Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics were performed at baseline and in 6, 12 months observation. Results After TAVI, decrease of vena contracta width of mitral regurgitation (p = 0.00002, p = 0.00004), aorto-mural mitral annulus diameter (p = 0.00008, p = 0.02), increase mitral annular plane systolic excursion (p = 0.0004, p = 0.0003), left ventricular stroke volume (p = 0.0003, p = 0.0004), ejection fraction (p = 0.0004, p = 0.01) and decrease major dimension of left ventricle in three chamber view (p = 0.05, p = 0.002) was observed in patient in both time points, respectively. Additionally, we observed decrease of distance between head of papillary muscles (p = 0.003) at 6 months and decrease of left atrium indexed volume (p = 0.01) and grade of tricuspid regurgitation (p = 0.03) at 12 months follow up. Conclusions Patients with moderate or severe mitral regurgitation after TAVI procedure achieved significant reductions of mitral regurgitation and improvement of some parameters assessing mitral annulus, left ventricle and left atrium geometry.

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Minimaly invasive mitral valve repair with Neochord system in patients with degenerative mitral disease: echocardiographic assessment and predictors for mid-term outcome

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2680 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

A Drasutiene ◽

V Janusauskas ◽

G Speziali ◽

D Zakarkaite ◽

M Budra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Left Ventricle ◽

Left Atrium ◽

Beating Heart ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Volume Index ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Left Atrium Volume

Abstract Introduction Various minimally invasive mitral valve (MV) repair techniques are available to treat degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR). Transapical implantation of artificial chordae on a beating heart is performed using the NeoChord DS1000 device with real-time TEE guidance. Purpose 1)To assess preoperative and the mid-term follow-up echocardiographic data in patients after MV repair using the NeoChord DS1000 device; 2)to investigate the changes of left ventricle (LV), left atrium (LA) and mitral annulus dimensions during the follow-up period; 3)to assess the difference of baseline echocardiographic parameters between successful and not-successful (severe residual MR) MV repair groups; 4)to identify the preoperative echocardiographic variables that may be associated with recurrence of MR at mid-term follow. Methods All patients after transapical MV repair with Neochord implantation in Vilnius University hospital were prospectively entered into the study. The acquired preoperative and follow-up echocardiographic datasets were analysed. According to the residual MR at follow-up, patients were stratified to 2 groups: group A – successful durable MV repair (residual MR ≤2); group B – MV repair failure (recurrence of severe MR or reintervention). Values were expressed as Mean±SD. Univariable regression analysis was used to identify anatomical predictors of residual MR. Results 53 (70.67%) patients had a residual MR ≤2 (Group A) and 22 (29.33%) residual MR≥2+ (Group B) at 26±6 months follow-up. At baseline, Group B patients had significantly larger left ventricle end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) (mean difference 5.67±1.29mm, p<0.0001) left ventricle end systolic diameter (LVESD) (mean difference 4.08±1.57mm, p=0.012), LA volume index (mean difference 21.57±5.003 p<0.0001) and higher systolic pulmonary pressure values (mean difference 10.46±3.34, p<0.003) compared with group A. Overall, a significant reduction in LA volume index (mean change 15.69±4.15ml/m2, p<0.001), LA diameter (mean change 3.15±1.24, p=0.012), LV diameter (mean change in LVEDD 4.78±0.88mm p<0.000) was observed at 24 months follow up. There was no significant changes in MV annular parameters at follow up. Left atrium volume (OR 1.018; 95% CI 1.006–1.035; p=0.009), left atrium volume index (OR 1.038; 95% CI 1.013–1.072; p=0.010), LVEDD (OR 1.201; 95% CI 1.088–1.353; p=0.0008), LVESD (OR 1.122; 95% CI 1.02–1.248); p=0.0236) and sPAP (OR 1.418; 95% CI 1.139–2.016; p=0.0014) were all significantly associated with the worse outcome (MR >2) after mini-invasive MV repair in univariable regression analysis. Conclusions Minimaly invasive MV repair with Neochord system on beating heart is effective in patients with degenerative MR. Baseline echocardiographic characteristics predictive for a worse middle term outcome are mainly related to LV and LA remodeling. Reverse remodeling of LV and LA is observed during the follow-up period with no significant changes in MV annulus. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

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Long-term prognostic significance of three-dimensional echocardiographic parameters of the left ventricle and left atrium

European Journal of Echocardiography ◽

10.1093/ejechocard/jep198 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 250-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

S. Caselli ◽

E. Canali ◽

M. L. Foschi ◽

D. Santini ◽

E. Di Angelantonio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Left Ventricle ◽

Left Atrium ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Echocardiographic Parameters

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Pulmonary metastatic chondrosarcoma with massive extension into left atrium and left ventricle: outcome of surgical management in emergency

European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery ◽

10.1093/ejcts/ezt426 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. e341-e342 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Arnaud Rodriguez ◽

François Roubertie ◽

Matthieu Thumerel ◽

Jacques Jougon

Keyword(s):

Left Ventricle ◽

Left Atrium ◽

Surgical Management

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Removal of the left atrium and left ventricle tumour: a

Archives of Medical Science ◽

10.5114/aoms.2011.25571 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 909-913

Author(s):

Stanisław Ostrowski ◽

Anna Marcinkiewicz ◽

Anna Kośmider ◽

Witold Pawłowski ◽

Alicja Nowakowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Left Ventricle ◽

Left Atrium

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Cascaded Regression-Based Segmentation of Cardiac CT under Probabilistic Correspondences

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10144947 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (14) ◽

pp. 4947

Author(s):

Jang Pyo Bae ◽

Malinda Vania ◽

Siyeop Yoon ◽

Sojeong Cheon ◽

Chang Hwan Yoon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Left Ventricle ◽

Left Atrium ◽

Cardiac Ct ◽

Computation Time ◽

3D Models ◽

Active Appearance Models ◽

Point Correspondence ◽

Construction Methods ◽

Ct Segmentation ◽

Cascaded Regression

The creation of 3D models for cardiac mapping systems is time-consuming, and the models suffer from issues with repeatability among operators. The present study aimed to construct a double-shaped model composed of the left ventricle and left atrium. We developed cascaded-regression-based segmentation software with probabilistic point and appearance correspondence. Group-wise registration of point sets constructs the point correspondence from probabilistic matches, and the proposed method also calculates appearance correspondence from these probabilistic matches. Final point correspondence of group-wise registration constructed independently for three surfaces of the double-shaped model. Stochastic appearance selection of cascaded regression enables the effective construction in the aspect of memory usage and computation time. The two correspondence construction methods of active appearance models were compared in terms of the paired segmentation of the left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV). The proposed method segmented 35 cardiac CTs in six-fold cross-validation, and the symmetric surface distance (SSD), Hausdorff distance (HD), and Dice coefficient (DC), were used for evaluation. The proposed method produced 1.88 ± 0.37 mm of LV SSD, 2.25 ± 0.51 mm* of LA SSD, and 2.06 ± 0.34 mm* of the left heart (LH) SSD. Additionally, DC was 80.45% ± 4.27%***, where * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. All p values derive from paired t-tests comparing iterative closest registration with the proposed method. In conclusion, the authors developed a cascaded regression framework for 3D cardiac CT segmentation.

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Technic of Transseptal Catheterization of the Left Atrium, Pulmonary Veins, and Left Ventricle in the Dog

Radiology ◽

10.1148/85.4.658 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 85 (4) ◽

pp. 658-662 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

K. Ostergaard Petersen ◽

G. Harrington ◽

Nils Magnus Ohlsson ◽

Guido Ascanio ◽

M. J. Oppenheimer

Keyword(s):

Left Ventricle ◽

Left Atrium ◽

Pulmonary Veins ◽

Transseptal Catheterization

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Longitudinal Mitral Annulus Velocities Are Reduced in Hypertensive Subjects With or Without Left Ventricle Hypertrophy

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/01.hyp.0000216123.57284.b0 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 854-860 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Maria Cândida C. Borges ◽

Roberta C.R. Colombo ◽

José Geraldo F. Gonçalves ◽

José de Oliveira Ferreira ◽

Kleber G. Franchini

Keyword(s):

Left Ventricle ◽

Mitral Annulus ◽

Left Ventricle Hypertrophy ◽

Ventricle Hypertrophy

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