Third Year Survival, Growth, and Water Relations of West Gulf Coastal Plain Pines in East Texas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie M Hooker ◽  
Brian P Oswald ◽  
Jeremy P Stovall ◽  
Yuhui Weng ◽  
Hans M Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Gulf Coastal Plain ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Leaf Level

Abstract West Gulf Coastal Plain provenance loblolly (Pinus taeda L.), longleaf (Pinus palustris Mill.), shortleaf (Pinus echinata Mill.), and slash pines (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) were planted in December 2015 on three east Texas sites to compare initial growth and survival. Three years after planting, survival ranged from 26.4% to 76.4%. Damage by Texas leafcutter ants (Atta texana) caused significant mortality on one site, and feral hog (Sus scrofa) herbivory and uprooting greatly affected survival at two other sites. Tree heights were greater in loblolly and slash pine than in shortleaf and longleaf pine, whereas diameters were greater in loblolly than in slash, shortleaf, and longleaf. Height and survival rates were greater in Shelby County and were lowest in Cherokee County. Midday leaf-level water potentials were most negative for shortleaf and loblolly pines and varied across the three sites. Tree heights were significantly but weakly (R = −0.23) correlated to leaf-level water potentials. Study Implications Based on these results, loblolly pine is recommended for planting on sites where soil moisture is adequate, if early growth and survival are a concern. Slash pine can outcompete other pines on sites where soils are poorly drained. On soils that are excessively drained with low moisture, shortleaf may be considered. Given longleaf pine’s ability to retain needle moisture and surface area during periods of low soil moisture, longleaf pine is suggested for planting on the same sites. Longleaf pine will require more active management on any soil type in order to decrease herbaceous plant competition. Continued measurements are required to determine whether these growth and survival trends will continue over a full rotation.

scholarly journals A Comparison of the Attributes of Pine Straw from Southern Pine Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
Zachary Singh ◽  
Adam Maggard ◽  
Rebecca Barlow ◽  
John Kush
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Pinus Palustris ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Pine Straw

Abstract Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.), and slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) are two southern pine species that are popular for producing pine straw for landscaping. The objective of this research was to determine the response of soil properties and weed growth to the application of pine straw. Longleaf pine, slash pine, and two non-mulched controls (with and without chemical weed control) were tested. Volumetric soil water content, soil nutrients, soil temperature, weed biomass, and seedling growth were measured. Compared to non-mulched controls, both longleaf and slash pine plots had a greater soil moisture during extended periods without rainfall in the full sun environment. When soil temperatures increased, mulched plots had lower soil temperature relative to non-mulched plots. Soil pH and soil nutrients were generally similar between pine straw types with few significant differences in measured variables. Both pine straw treatments reduced weed growth and longleaf pine maintained a greater straw depth over the study period compared to slash pine, but no differences were observed for decomposition. These results indicate that longleaf pine straw and slash pine straw perform equally as well in terms of increasing soil moisture, moderating soil temperature, and reducing weed growth compared to not using mulch. Index words: Pinus elliottii, Pinus palustris, organic mulch, soil properties, landscaping. Species used in this study: Shumard oak, Quercus shumardii Buckl., Eastern redbud, Cercis canadensis L.

scholarly journals Use of Forested Habitat by Breeding Birds in the Gulf Coastal Plain

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey E. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Pinus Palustris ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Forested Wetland ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Gulf Coastal Plain ◽  
Bird Species Richness

Abstract I compared birds present during the breeding season in four forest types in the Conecuh National Forest located on the Gulf Coastal Plain in Alabama: (1) longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) that had been subject to several recent burns, (2) longleaf pine that had been subject to few or no recent burns, (3) planted slash pine (P. elliottii), and (4) various forested wetland habitats ranging from stream-side riparian habitat to cypress (Taxodium distichum) ponds. I found significantly higher total individuals and significantly higher bird species richness in the two natural forest types—burned longleaf pine and riparian habitats—than either unburned longleaf or slash pine. To maintain greatest diversity and abundance of birds, managers of forests on the Gulf Coastal Plain should (1)preserve wetland habitat, (2) not convert stands of longleaf pine to stands of slash pine, and (3) regularly burn longleaf pine stands. South. J. Appl. For. 22(3):133-137.

Herpetofaunal Communities in Ephemeral Wetlands Embedded within Longleaf Pine Flatwoods of the Gulf Coastal Plain

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Erwin ◽  
Houston C. Chandler ◽  
John G. Palis ◽  
Thomas A. Gorman ◽  
Carola A. Haas
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Gulf Coastal Plain ◽  
Ephemeral Wetlands ◽  
Pine Flatwoods

The Growth response of slash pine (Pinus elliottii) to climate in the Georgia Coastal Plain

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen C. Parker ◽  
Carrie Jensen ◽  
Albert J. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine

scholarly journals Fusiform Rust Trends in East Texas: 1969-1987

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Lenhart ◽  
W. Thomas McGrath ◽  
Terry L. Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Cronartium Quercuum ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Five surveys of pine plantations in East Texas over an 18-year period (1969-1987) indicated that fusiform rust (Cronartium quercuum [Berk.] Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme Birdsall and Snow) infection rates have increased to current levels of about 50% on slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) and are continuing to increase on loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) to 10-15% levels. South. J. Appl. For. 12(4):259-261.

scholarly journals Site Index Equations for Loblolly and Slash Pine Plantations on Non-Old-Fields in East Texas

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Lenhart ◽  
Ellis V. Hunt ◽  
Jock A. Blackard
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Growth Function ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Old Fields ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Height Prediction ◽  
Index Index ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Equations to estimate site index (index age 25 years) for plantations of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) on non-old-fields in East Texas have been developed. The height-prediction curves were based on the Richards' growth function and track well within the range of the data (1-17 years). South. J. Appl. For. 10:109-112, May 1986.

Tree Volume and Taper Functions for Site-Prepared Plantations of Slash pine

1980 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Brister ◽  
J. L. Clutter ◽  
T. M. Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Yield Information ◽  
Lower Coastal Plain ◽  
Volume Equations

Abstract Forest industry in the lower coastal plain of Georgia and Florida is becoming increasingly dependent on harvests from site-prepared plantations. Sound planning for utilization of this plantation resource requires the availability of adequate growth and yield information. This paper presents total and merchantable tree volume equations for cubic foot volumes outside- and inside-bark and taper relationships derived from these equations. The equations are based on 677 trees sampled from 174 site-prepared slash pine (Pinus Elliottii Engelm.) plantations in the flatwoods of Georgia and Florida.

scholarly journals A New Whole-Stand Model for Unmanaged Loblolly and Slash Pine Plantations in East Texas

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean W. Coble
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Yield Model

Abstract A new compatible whole-stand growth-and-yield model to predict total tree cubic-foot volume per acre yield (outside and inside bark) was developed for unmanaged loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) and slash pine (Pinus elliottii) plantations in East Texas. This model was compared with the noncompatible whole-stand model of Lenhart (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15-2127">Lenhart, 1996</xref>, Total and partial stand-level yield prediction for loblolly and slash pine plantations in east Texas, South. J. Appl. For. 20(1):36–41) and the <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15-2127">Lenhart (1996)</xref> model refit to current data. For the two species, all three models were evaluated with independent observed data. The model developed in this study outperformed both Lenhart models in prediction of future yield and basal area per acre for all age classes combined and by 5-year age classes. The Lenhart models consistently overestimated yield and basal area per acre. All three models predicted surviving trees per acre similarly. An example is also provided to show users how to use the new whole-stand model.

Whole-tree water relations of co-occurring mature Pinus palustris and Pinus elliottii var. elliottii

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Gonzalez-Benecke ◽  
Timothy A. Martin ◽  
Wendell P. Cropper,
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Pinus Palustris ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Southeastern Us ◽  
Whole Tree

The natural range of longleaf pine ( Pinus palustris P. Mill.) and slash pine ( Pinus elliottii var. elliottii Engelm.) includes most of the southeastern US Coastal Plain, and there is now considerable interest in using these species for ecological forestry, restoration, and carbon sequestration. It is therefore surprising that little information is currently available concerning differences in their ecological water relations in natural stands. In this study, we compared water use, stomatal conductance at the crown scale (Gcrown), and whole-tree hydraulic conductance of mature pine trees growing in a naturally regenerated mixed stand on a flatwoods site in north-central Florida. We found remarkable similarities between longleaf and slash pine in stored water use, nocturnal transpiration, and whole-tree hydraulic conductance. Mean daily transpiration rate was higher for slash than for longleaf pine, averaging 39 and 26 L·tree–1, respectively. This difference was determined by variations in tree leaf area. Slash pine had 60% more leaf area per unit basal sapwood area than longleaf pine, but the larger plasticity of longleaf pine stomatal regulation partially compensated for leaf area differences: longleaf pine had higher Gcrown on days with high volumetric water content (θv) but this was reduced to similar or even lower values than for slash pine on days with low θv. There was no species difference in the sensitivity of Gcrown to increasing vapor pressure deficit.

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