scholarly journals Presynaptic Gαo (GOA-1) signals to depress command neuron excitability and allow stretch-dependent modulation of egg laying in Caenorhabditis elegans

Genetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavya Ravi ◽  
Jian Zhao ◽  
I Chaudhry ◽  
Rossana Signorelli ◽  
Mattingly Bartole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Sensory Input ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Active State ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
State Behavior ◽  
Nematode Worm ◽  
Worm Caenorhabditis Elegans

Abstract Egg laying in the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans is a two-state behavior modulated by internal and external sensory input. We have previously shown that homeostatic feedback of embryo accumulation in the uterus regulates bursting activity of the serotonergic HSN command neurons that sustains the egg-laying active state. How sensory feedback of egg release signals to terminate the egg-laying active state is less understood. We find that Gαo, a conserved Pertussis Toxin-sensitive G protein, signals within HSN to inhibit egg-laying circuit activity and prevent entry into the active state. Gαo signaling hyperpolarizes HSN, reducing HSN Ca2+ activity and input onto the postsynaptic vulval muscles. Loss of inhibitory Gαo signaling uncouples presynaptic HSN activity from a postsynaptic, stretch-dependent homeostat, causing precocious entry into the egg-laying active state when only a few eggs are present in the uterus. Feedback of vulval opening and egg release activates the uv1 neuroendocrine cells which release NLP-7 neuropeptides which signal to inhibit egg laying through Gαo-independent mechanisms in the HSNs and Gαo-dependent mechanisms in cells other than the HSNs. Thus, neuropeptide and inhibitory Gαo signaling maintains a bi-stable state of electrical excitability that dynamically controls circuit activity in response to both external and internal sensory input to drive a two-state behavior output.

scholarly journals Presynaptic Gαo (GOA-1) signals to depress command neuron excitability and allow stretch-dependent modulation of egg laying in Caenorhabditis elegans

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavya Ravi ◽  
Jian Zhao ◽  
Sana Chaudhry ◽  
Mattingly Bartole ◽  
Richard J. Kopchock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Sensory Input ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Active State ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Electrical Excitability ◽  
State Behavior ◽  
Nematode Worm

AbstractEgg laying in the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans is a two-state behavior modulated by internal and external sensory input. We have previously shown that homeostatic feedback of embryo accumulation in the uterus regulates bursting activity of the serotonergic HSN command neurons that sustains the egg-laying active state. How sensory feedback of egg release signals to terminate the egg-laying active state is less understood. We find that Gαo, a conserved Pertussis Toxin-sensitive G protein, signals within HSN to inhibit egg-laying circuit activity and prevent entry into the active state. Gαo signaling hyperpolarizes HSN, reducing HSN Ca2+ activity and input onto the postsynaptic vulval muscles. Loss of inhibitory Gαo signaling uncouples presynaptic HSN activity from a postsynaptic, stretch-dependent homeostat, causing precocious entry into the egg-laying active state when only a few eggs are present in the uterus. Feedback of vulval opening and egg release activates the uv1 neuroendocrine cells which release NLP-7 neuropeptides which signal to inhibit egg laying through Gαo-independent mechanisms in the HSNs and Gαo-dependent mechanisms in cells other than the HSNs. Thus, neuropeptide and inhibitory Gαo signaling maintains a bi-stable state of electrical excitability that dynamically controls circuit activity in response to both external and internal sensory input to drive a two-state behavior output.

Expression in yeast of an acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase cDNA from Caenorhabditis elegans

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 692-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bouvier-Navé ◽  
P. Benveniste ◽  
A. Noiriel ◽  
H. Schaller
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase ◽  
Acyltransferase Activity ◽  
Triacylglycerol Content ◽  
Nematode Worm ◽  
Worm Caenorhabditis Elegans

we have identified a cDNA from the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans that encodes an acyl-CoA: diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT). Its expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae resulted in an increase both in triacylglycerol content and in microsomal oleyl-CoA: diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity. Such effects were similar to those of characterized plant DGAT genes. This is the first DGAT gene isolated from an invertebrate. The phylogenetic relationships between DGATs and animal and yeast acyl-CoA: sterol acyltransferases are illustrated.

scholarly journals Measuring optimality of a neural system by a logic gate model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Information Transmission ◽  
Muscle Fiber ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Logic Gate ◽  
Neural System ◽  
System Model ◽  
Nematode Worm ◽  
Worm Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Gate Design

The nematode worm, Caenorhabditis elegans, is a relatively simple neural system model for measuring the efficiency of information transmission from sensory organ to muscle fiber. With the potential to measure this efficiency, a method is proposed to compare the organization of an idealized neural circuit with a logic gate design. This approach is useful for analysis of a neural circuit that is not tractable to a strictly biological model, and where the assumptions of a logic gate design have applicability. Also, included in the results is an abstract perspective of the electrical-specific synaptic network in the somatic system of the nematode worm.

Extension of the mitochondrial transporter super-family: sequences of five members from the nematode worm,Caenorhabditis elegans

DNA Sequence ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 281-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Runswick ◽  
Alexander Philippides ◽  
Graziantonio Lauria ◽  
John E. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Mitochondrial Transporter ◽  
Nematode Worm ◽  
Worm Caenorhabditis Elegans

scholarly journals Activity of the C. elegans egg-laying behavior circuit is controlled by competing activation and feedback inhibition

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Collins ◽  
Addys Bode ◽  
Robert W. Fernandez ◽  
Jessica E. Tanis ◽  
Jacob Brewer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Feedback Inhibition ◽  
Rhythmic Activity ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
The Body ◽  
Active State ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Discrete Signals

AbstractLike many behaviors, Caenorhabditis elegans egg laying alternates between inactive and active states. To understand how the underlying neural circuit turns the behavior on and off, we optically recorded circuit activity in behaving animals while manipulating circuit function using mutations, optogenetics, and drugs. In the active state, the circuit shows rhythmic activity phased with the body bends of locomotion. The serotonergic HSN command neurons initiate the active state, but accumulation of unlaid eggs also promotes the active state independent of the HSNs. The cholinergic VC motor neurons slow locomotion during egg-laying muscle contraction and egg release. The uv1 neuroendocrine cells mechanically sense passage of eggs through the vulva and release tyramine to inhibit egg laying, in part via the LGC-55 tyramine-gated Cl− channel on the HSNs. Our results identify discrete signals that entrain or detach the circuit from the locomotion central pattern generator to produce active and inactive states.

scholarly journals Age-specific nuclear proteins in the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans

1987 ◽  
Vol 245 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
L A Meheus ◽  
J J Van Beeumen ◽  
A V Coomans ◽  
J R Vanfleteren
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Peptide Mapping ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Nuclear Proteins ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Terminal Amino ◽  
Nematode Worm ◽  
Worm Caenorhabditis Elegans

The nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans is known to undergo characteristic morphological as well as physiological signs of senescence. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis shows that alterations also occur in the pattern of the nuclear proteins as a function of age. Non-histone proteins whose level exhibits a steep fall with age are egg-specific and not involved in senescence. However, a distinct set of non-histones accumulates with age and can be considered as senescence markers. Some of these are glycoproteins, as shown by their concanavalin A-binding properties. One age-specific polypeptide, called ‘protein S-28’, was further characterized by peptide mapping and determination of its N-terminal amino acid sequence.

scholarly journals Activity of the C. elegans egg-laying behavior circuit is controlled by competing activation and feedback inhibition

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M Collins ◽  
Addys Bode ◽  
Robert W Fernandez ◽  
Jessica E Tanis ◽  
Jacob C Brewer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Feedback Inhibition ◽  
Rhythmic Activity ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
The Body ◽  
Active State ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Discrete Signals

Like many behaviors, Caenorhabditis elegans egg laying alternates between inactive and active states. To understand how the underlying neural circuit turns the behavior on and off, we optically recorded circuit activity in behaving animals while manipulating circuit function using mutations, optogenetics, and drugs. In the active state, the circuit shows rhythmic activity phased with the body bends of locomotion. The serotonergic HSN command neurons initiate the active state, but accumulation of unlaid eggs also promotes the active state independent of the HSNs. The cholinergic VC motor neurons slow locomotion during egg-laying muscle contraction and egg release. The uv1 neuroendocrine cells mechanically sense passage of eggs through the vulva and release tyramine to inhibit egg laying, in part via the LGC-55 tyramine-gated Cl- channel on the HSNs. Our results identify discrete signals that entrain or detach the circuit from the locomotion central pattern generator to produce active and inactive states.

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