Vitamin D, Insulin-Like Growth Factor, and Cognitive Performance: Age and Sex Variations

Abstract Vitamin D has been consistently linked to better cognitive function in observational studies. This impact may be due in part through its influence on neurotrophins. Whether the relationships between vitamin D, neurotrophins, and cognition vary based on biological factors such as age and sex is unclear. Using data from a sample of 400 community-dwelling older (mean age=75.3±9.4; 47% female) participants in a cross-sectional study of cognitive aging, we assessed relationships between plasma 25-hydroxy-Vitamin D and performance on a neuropsychological battery modeled after the UDSv3.0. Moderation by age and sex and the impact of vitamin D on the relationship between Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 and cognitive performance were assessed by linear regression stratified by sex and age (median split at 76y). We found vitamin D to be positively linked to global cognition (MoCA: β=0.095±0.025SE, p<0.001), working memory (Number Span Forward: β=0.017±0.007SE, p=0.011; Number Span Backward: β=0.016±0.007SE, p=0.028), episodic memory (Immediate Recall : β=0.089±0.027SE, p=0.001; Delayed Recall: β=0.047±0.015SE, p=0.002), attention and processing speed (Trail Making A: β=-0.365±0.163SE, p=0.026), executive function (Trail Making B: β=-0.537±0.215SE, p=0.014; Number-Symbol Coding: β=0.139±0.057SE, p=0.016), and an overall measure of cognitive function (z score: β=0.049±0.018SE, p=0.007). Most of these relationships were observed in women and younger older individuals (<76y). In addition, vitamin D increased the effect of IGF-1 on global cognition and memory by 13% and 8%, respectively. Our findings suggest that vitamin D-focused dementia prevention efforts would benefit if targeted to women and younger segments of the senior population and/or as an adjuvant to cognitive enhancement interventions.

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Vitamin D and the insulin‐like growth factor system: Implications for colorectal neoplasia

European Journal of Clinical Investigation ◽

10.1111/eci.13265 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (9) ◽

Author(s):

George Ciulei ◽

Olga Hilda Orasan ◽

Sorina Cezara Coste ◽

Angela Cozma ◽

Vasile Negrean ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Colorectal Neoplasia ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Factor System

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1TA3-03 Deep-sea water improves cognitive function in mice by increasing the production of insulin-like growth factor-I in the hippocampus(The 47th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan)

Seibutsu Butsuri ◽

10.2142/biophys.49.s28_2 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 49 (supplement) ◽

pp. S28

Author(s):

Naoaki Harada ◽

Minoru Yoshizawa ◽

Yoshizumi Asakawa ◽

Kenji Okajima

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Annual Meeting ◽

Deep Sea ◽

Sea Water ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Deep Sea Water ◽

Factor I ◽

Biophysical Society ◽

Growth Factor I

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Abstract T P130: High Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 is Associated with Lower Risk of Ischemic Stroke: The Framingham Heart Study

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.46.suppl_1.tp130 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 46 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Hamidreza Saber ◽

Jayandra J Himali ◽

Alexa Beiser ◽

Ashkan Shoamanesh ◽

Alexandra Pikula ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Lower Risk ◽

Serum Insulin ◽

High Serum ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Original Cohort ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cox Models

Background: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), reduces progression of atherosclerosis and in cross-sectional studies low circulating IGF-1 is associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness. Yet, prospective data linking IGF-1 levels to development of stroke remain sparse and inconsistent. We related circulating IGF-1 levels to risk of incident stroke in a community-dwelling sample. Methods: Serum IGF-1 levels were assayed in 757 stroke-free participants (age 79+5 years, 62% women) from the Framingham original cohort (1990-1994), and related to prospectively ascertained, incident all-stroke and ischemic stroke using Cox models. Results: During a mean follow-up of 10.2 years in 757 participants, 119 developed stroke including 99 with ischemic stroke. After adjustment for age and sex, higher log-IGF1 levels were associated with a lower risk of incident ischemic stroke [hazard ratio (HR): 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63- 0.99, p=0.043]. There was a threshold effect with subjects in the lowest quintile of IGF-1 levels having 2.56-fold higher risk of incident ischemic stroke (95% CI: 1.20, 5.45, p=0.015) compared to all others. We observed significant interaction between diabetes and IGF1 in their relation to ischemic stroke (p=0.016). In pre-specified subgroup analyses the effect was restricted to persons with diabetes and central obesity (waist-to-hip ratio in top quartile) in whom each SD increase in IGF-1 was associated with a 61% (HR: 0.39, 95%CI: 0.20-0.78, p=0.007), and 41% (HR: 0.59, 95%CI: 0.37- 0.95, p=0.031) lower risk of incident ischemic stroke, respectively. Results were similar for all-stroke. Conclusions: IGF-1 may have a protective role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke among persons with insulin resistance as manifested by diabetes and/or obesity.

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Decreased Circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Levels Are Associated with Cardiac Diastolic Dysfunction in Small for Gestational Age Infants

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1642060 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 35 (12) ◽

pp. 1178-1185

Author(s):

Shoko Yamazaki ◽

Haruka Obinata ◽

Akira Hachiya ◽

Motoko Kamiya ◽

Noriko Motoki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Diastolic Dysfunction ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Entire Population ◽

Doppler Imaging ◽

Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

The Impact

Objective To evaluate the impact of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels on cardiac function in small for gestational age (SGA) infants. Study Design This is a prospective, observational study. Serum IGF-1 levels at birth and echocardiography measurements at 1 week of age were compared between SGA and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants. Results Thirty-one SGA infants and 27 AGA infants were enrolled. Serum IGF-1 levels were lower in the SGA infants than in the AGA infants. SGA infants had lower mitral lateral annular systolic (S') and early diastolic (E') tissue Doppler imaging velocities compared with AGA infants (S', 5.1 ± 0.9 vs 5.7 ± 1.2 cm/s; E', 6.1 ± 1.5 cm/s vs 7.1 ± 1.3 cm/s; p < 0.05). Serum IGF-1 levels positively correlated with E' velocity in the entire population (r = 0.44, p < 0.001) and in SGA infants (r = 0.39, p < 0.05). In multivariate linear regression analysis, serum IGF-1 and S' velocity were independently associated with E' velocity in the entire population and in SGA infants. Conclusion Decreased serum IGF-I levels could account for cardiac diastolic dysfunction in SGA infants.

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The impact of insulin-like growth factor-1, growth hormone, and oxidative stress in the experimental model of juvenile and adult hypothyroid retinal degeneration

Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences ◽

10.4103/1947-489x.210888 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 150

Author(s):

OmymaG Ahmed ◽

Amal Taha ◽

FatenY Mahmoud

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Growth Hormone ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Retinal Degeneration ◽

Experimental Model ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

The Impact ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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A study of serum insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF-1) concentrations in resting untrained Andalusian horses: influence of age and gender

Veterinární Medicína ◽

10.17221/1562-vetmed ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 56 (No. 5) ◽

pp. 231-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A. Munoz ◽

P. Trigo ◽

C. Riber ◽

V. Malonda ◽

F. Castejon

Keyword(s):

Body Size ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Sandwich Elisa ◽

Age Groups ◽

Accurate Information ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Factor Type ◽

Age And Sex ◽

Somatotrophic Axis

Growth rate, tissue repair and reproductive functions are mediated by the somatotrophic axis, the growth hormone (GH) being one of its main components. GH is released in a pulsatile manner and a single measurement does not provide accurate information on the activity of the somatotrophic axis. The actions of GH on tissues are mediated by insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF-1), mainly released by the liver, and thus, the measurement of IGF-1 could be considered a good indicator of the activity of GH and the somatotrophic axis. Serum IGF-1 concentrations are relatively stable due to its long biological half-life without obvious diurnal rhythm. Additionally, many diseases significantly alter circulating IGF-1 concentrations, leading to potential diagnostic and prognostic uses in veterinary medicine. However, serum IGF-1 concentrations are affected by many factors, such as breed, age and sex. The present study analyzes the influence of these factors on serum IGF-1 concentrations in a population of 255 Andalusian horses (141 females and 114 males), divided into age groups: 1–2, 2–3, 3–4, 4–5, 5–6 and 6–12 months and 1–2, 2–4, 4–6, 6–10 and 10–14 years. The animals belonged to six different farms located in the same geographic location and were subjected to similar feeding and management protocols. Two measurements of body size were made: height at the withers (HW) and diameter of the thorax (DTx). Blood samples were taken always in the morning, in the month of July and serum IGF-1 concentrations were measured with a sandwich ELISA after dissociation of IGF-1 from its binding proteins. It was found that age and sex significantly influenced serum IGF-1 concentrations, whereas the effects of the farm and the time of blood withdrawal were not significant. Mean serum concentrations for both males and females respectively were: 246.3 and 231.0 (1–2 months), 201.9 and 194.7 (2–3 months), 174.2 and 170.4 (3–4 months), 161.7 and 155.4 (4–5 months), 166.1 and 136.9 (5–6 months), 127.2–114.5 (6–12 months), 103.3 and 89.01 (1–2 years), 104.3 and 73.41 (2–4 years), 105.4 and 64.40 (4–6 years), 53.29 and 68.27 (6–10 years) and 59.56 and 65.53 ng/ml (10–14 years). A progressive decrease in serum IGF-1 concentrations with increased age was found for both sexes. Males aged between five and 12 months and between two and six years had significantly higher serum IGF-1 concentrations than females of the same age. Coefficients of correlation between the indicators of body size (HW and DTx) and IGF-1 were –0.800 and –0.690 for the whole population of Andalusian horses, –0.860 and –0.750 for the males and –0.740 and –630 for the females. It is concluded that serum IGF-1 concentrations in Andalusian horses are reduced with ageing, male horses of determined age groups had higher IGF-1 than the females and there are negative correlations between body size and IGF-1 concentrations. The knowledge of the normal serum IGF-1 concentrations will help us to understand the role of the somatotrophic axis in several diseases and physiological situations and will provide information for further research on this equine breed.

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