scholarly journals Representation of Older Adults in COVID-Related Newspaper Coverage

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 1053-1054
Author(s):  
Mijin Jeong ◽  
Sarah Jen ◽  
Hyun Kang ◽  
Michael Riquino ◽  
Jaime Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
The Media ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Based on clinical and epidemiological evidence, COVID-19 infection can occur in people of all ages; however, the media typically focuses its attention on the vulnerability of older adults and individuals with chronic illnesses. This study aims to explore the representation of older adults during the first month of the pandemic in the U.S. by comparing the narratives of older adults and younger adults in national media sources. A systematic search identified 115 articles published in four major newspapers in the U.S. included USA Today, The New York Times, Los Angeles Times, and The Washington Post between March 11 and April 10, 2020 in which older adults and younger adults were quoted on topics related to the intersection of COVID-19 and aging. Quotes were inductively reviewed using thematic content analysis. In 115 articles, there were 265 quotes from older adults (n=104, 39%) and younger adults (n=161, 61%). When comparing patterns that were common or distinctive between older and younger individuals quoted, three key themes emerged: 1) impacts of COVID-19 on older adults and resulting vulnerability, 2) debated perspectives over the value of older adults’ lives, and 3) a counternarrative of resiliency among older adults. This study provides the opportunity to understand how the pandemic may impact representations of older adults and findings emphasize the importance of voice among older adults to combat ageist messaging and promote counternarratives to assumptions of vulnerability. Also, it suggests for policymakers and practitioners to insight into how the representation of older adults is disseminated by media.

How and Why the U.S. Finally Joined the Berne International Copyright Convention

1989 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Michiel van Bremen ◽  
David J. Thibodeau
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Copyright Protection ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
Berne Convention ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
Daily Newspapers ◽  
The U.S

On October 31, 1988, in a ceremony at the Beverly Hilton Hotel attended by Congressmen and members of the artistic community. President Reagan signed the 1988 Berne Convention implementation Act. This Act allowed the United States to join the international Berne Convention lor the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works as of March, 1989. Although the Act somewhat expands the availability of U.S. copyright protection to European atilhors, it affects U.S. authors' rights even less, practically speaking. Perhaps that explains why only three major U.S. daily newspapers, The New York Times, The Washington Post, and Los Angeles Times, briefly mentioned this historic moment for the internal ional copyright environment. This article explores why and how the U.S. has joined the Berne Convention after more than 102 years, and the effect that this will have un the availability of U.S. copyright protection to foreign authors. Before considering the technical consequences of the Berne Convention Implementation Act, we give a brief overview of two relevant international copyright treaties and their major differences.

scholarly journals Thrust Into the Spotlight: COVID-19 Focuses Media Attention on Nursing Homes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Alan Miller ◽  
Elizabeth Simpson ◽  
Pamela Nadash ◽  
Michael Gusmano
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
The New York Times ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
Dramatic Rise ◽  
The Media ◽  
Keyword Searches

Abstract Objective This study sheds light on the agenda-setting role of the media during the COVID-19 crisis by examining trends in nursing home (NH) coverage in 4 leading national newspapers—The New York Times, Washington Post, USA Today, and Los Angeles Times. Method Keyword searches of the Nexis Uni database identified 2,039 NH-related articles published from September 2018 to June 2020. Trends in the frequency of NH coverage and its tone (negative) and prominence (average words, daily article count, opinion piece) were examined. Results Findings indicate a dramatic rise in the number of NH articles published in the months following the first COVID-19 case, far exceeding previous levels. NH coverage became considerably more prominent, as the average number of words and daily articles on NHs increased. The proportion of negative articles largely remained consistent, though volume rose dramatically. Weekly analysis revealed acceleration in observed trends within the post-COVID-19 period itself. These trends, visible in all papers, were especially dramatic in The New York Times. Discussion Overall, findings reveal marked growth in the frequency and number of prominent and negative NH articles during the COVID-19 crisis. The increased volume of coverage has implications for the relative saliency of NHs to other issues during the pandemic. The increased prominence of coverage has implications for the perceived importance of addressing pre-existing deficits and the devastating consequences of the pandemic for NHs.

scholarly journals Trzy skandale, trzy raporty. Redakcje i ombudsmani prasowi w sytuacjach kryzysowych na przykładach „The Washington Post”, „The New York Times” i „Los Angeles Times”

2018 ◽  
pp. 213-228
Author(s):  
Wojciech Adamczyk
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Pulitzer Prize ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
The New York Times ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
The Media

The paper deals with the issue of the supervision of the media that frequently exceed the standards observed by journalistic circles and their social environments. The direct victims of breaches of deontological principles in the profession and work of journalists primarily involve the recipients, journalistic circles and the reputation of a given medium. There are also indirect consequences, such as a loss of confidence that translates into lower sales or reduced advertising. In the cases that are commonly termed media scandals a crisis situation emerges. The analysis of the problem and the recovery of a tarnished reputation and lost confidence of recipients are usually performed by teams of experienced journalists, appointed ad hoc by edi-torial boards or by press ombudsmen working in the media, which is much less frequent. This paper discusses both scenarios. Three famous scandals have been selected from among many examples. One involves the 1980 case of the journalist Janet Cooke from The Washington Post whose Pulitzer Prize was withdrawn after she admitted that her award-winning story was a fabrication. Another case is the equally high-profile case of The Los Angeles Times from 1999, which marked a conflict of interest, following the publication of a special issue devoted to the sports arena that was being erected in the city at that time. The third scandal occurred in The New York Times in 2003, and concerned mass plagiarism and fabrication of press materi- als by that daily’s reporter, Jason Blair. The attempts to regain reader trust involved, among other things, the publication of reports drawn up by specially appointed teams of press ombudsmen.

scholarly journals The 2021 Middle East agenda of U.S. media

2021 ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Pavel Koshkin
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Wall Street ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
The Wall Street Journal ◽  
The U.S

The escalation of the Arab-Israeli conflict has been testing the Biden administration since May 2021, with exposing the current Middle East agenda of U.S. media and its impact on Biden’s and democrats’ reputation. Despite the fact that the press has a certain, if restricted, influence on politics, intuitively, journalists come up with understanding of public opinion on Biden. This article deals with the problem of the U.S. president’s publicity through the lens of the current media discourse, with author relying on the descriptive method, discourse analysis and content analysis of materials in American mainstream media such as  The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Wall-Street Journal, The Los Angeles Times, Politico, Newsweek and Time. In conclusion, the author assumes that – alongside with the problems of inflation, economic crisis and the pandemic – the coverage of the recent Arab-Israeli escalation in the U.S. press has an additional negative impact on Biden’s reputation and his odds of winning the 2024 future election.

Comparing and contrasting corrected errors at four newspapers

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirstie Hettinga ◽  
Alyssa Appelman ◽  
Christopher Otmar ◽  
Alesandria Posada ◽  
Anne Thompson
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Wall Street Journal ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
Wall Street ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
The Wall Street Journal ◽  
Location Type

A content analysis of corrections (N = 507) from four influential newspapers—the New York Times, the Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal and the Los Angeles Times—shows that they correct errors similar to each other in terms of location, type, impact and objectivity. Results are interpreted through democratic theory and are used to suggest ways for copy editors to most effectively proofread and fact-check.

scholarly journals Valuing subjectivity in journalism: Bias, emotions, and self-interest as tools in arts reporting

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillipa Chong
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
New Media ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
American Journalism ◽  
Professional Norm

This article examines the meanings and norms surrounding subjectivity across traditional and new forms of cultural journalism. While the ideal of objectivity is key to American journalism and its development as a profession, recent scholarship and new media developments have challenged the dominance of objectivity as a professional norm. This article begins with the understanding that subjectivity is an intractable part of knowing (and reporting on) the world around us to build our understanding of different modes of subjectivity and how these animate journalistic practices. Taking arts reporting, specifically reviewing, as a case study, the analysis draws on interviews with 40 book reviewers who write for major American newspapers, including The New York Times, The Los Angeles Times, The Washington Post, and prominent blogs. Findings reveal how emotions, bias, and self-interest are salient – sometimes as vice and sometimes as virtue – across the workflow of critics writing for traditional print outlets and book blogs and that these differences can be conceptualized as different epistemic styles.

scholarly journals Ageism in COVID-19-Related Media Coverage: Examining Publications During the First Month of the Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 933-934
Author(s):  
Mijin Jeong ◽  
Sarah Jen ◽  
Hyun Kang ◽  
Michael Riquino
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
Survivor Narrative

Abstract The media has consistently described older adults as the population most vulnerable to COVID-19. Anti-ageism critics have taken issue with the oft-repeated statement that “only” older adults are at risk, a construction that dismisses and devalues the nuances within this population. The purpose of this study was to analyze instances of ageism in national media sources during the first month of the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic search returned 287 articles concerning older adults and COVID-19 published in four major newspapers in the United States—USA Today, The New York Times, Los Angeles Times, and The Washington Post—between March 11 and April 10, 2020. Combining the strengths of content analysis and critical discourse analysis, we deductively and inductively reviewed the articles for patterns related to implicit and explicit forms of ageism. While ageism was rarely discussed explicitly, ageist bias was evident in implicit reporting patterns, such as frequent use of the phrase the elderly, which was often paired with statements describing older adults as vulnerable. Infection and death rates among older adults, as well as institutionalized care practices, were among the most commonly reported topics, providing a limited portrait of aging during the pandemic. While some authors utilized a survivor narrative by portraying older adults as having survived hardships, this construction implicitly places blame on those unable to do so. Older adults, when quoted directly, produced more complex and nuanced narratives of aging during the COVID-19 pandemic. Such narratives can combat societal ageism and promote self-determination and -definition.

scholarly journals Valuing subjectivity in journalism: Bias, emotions, and self-interest as tools in arts reporting

Journalism ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillipa Chong
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
New Media ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
American Journalism ◽  
Professional Norm

This article examines the meanings and norms surrounding subjectivity across traditional and new forms of cultural journalism. While the ideal of objectivity is key to American journalism and its development as a profession, recent scholarship and new media developments have challenged the dominance of objectivity as a professional norm. This article begins with the understanding that subjectivity is an intractable part of knowing (and reporting on) the world around us to build our understanding of different modes of subjectivity and how these animate journalistic practices. Taking arts reporting, specifically reviewing, as a case study, the analysis draws on interviews with 40 book reviewers who write for major American newspapers, including The New York Times, The Los Angeles Times, The Washington Post, and prominent blogs. Findings reveal how emotions, bias, and self-interest are salient – sometimes as vice and sometimes as virtue – across the workflow of critics writing for traditional print outlets and book blogs and that these differences can be conceptualized as different epistemic styles.

scholarly journals The enemy of my enemy is my friend

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Νεφέλη Μπαμπάτσικου
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Washington Post ◽  
The New York Times ◽  
Los Angeles Times ◽  
Noam Chomsky

Η 8η Μαΐου 1945 σηματοδότησε το τέλος του Β' Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου στην Ευρώπη και θεωρητικά την αρχή της παγκόσμιας ειρήνης και ανοικοδόμησης. Η Γερμανία είχε χάσει τον πόλεμο, έναν πόλεμο που προκάλεσε εκατομμύρια θύματα και μια κατεστραμμένη Ευρώπη. Παρότι η Γερμανία ηττήθηκε και καταστράφηκε, η οικονομική της δυναμική δεν καταστράφηκε αλλά υπέβοσκε "εγκλωβισμένη κάτω από τα ερείπια". Συγκεκριμένα, η γη της εξακολουθούσε να είναι πολύτιμη, η γεωγραφική της θέση μεταξύ Ανατολής και Δύσης ήταν ακόμη στρατηγική και η βιομηχανία της μπορούσε να ανοικοδομηθεί από το καταρτισμένο και εξειδικευμένο εργατικό της δυναμικό και όλα αυτά ενώ ξεκινούσε ένας νέος πόλεμος, ο Ψυχρός Πόλεμος. Η διατριβή αυτή εξετάζει τον τρόπο με τον οποίο η ταχεία και ακραία μετατόπιση της αμερικανικής εξωτερικής πολιτικής προς τη (Δυτική) Γερμανία από το 1945 έως το 1950 αιτιολογήθηκε στον αμερικανικό λαό και εν συνεχεία έγινε αποδεκτή από αυτόν. Συγκεκριμένα, η συγγραφέας της μελέτης εξέτασε εάν ο αμερικανικός Τύπος ήταν το μέσο που διαμόρφωσε την αμερικανική κοινή γνώμη προκειμένου να συγκεντρώσει υποστήριξη για την μεταβαλλόμενη αμερικανική εξωτερική πολιτική ή εάν και η κοινή γνώμη επηρέασε τη θέση του Τύπου απέναντι στην αμερικανική εξωτερική πολιτική. Ένα σχετικό ερώτημα είναι πώς η κοινή γνώμη και ο Τύπος επηρέασαν την εξωτερική πολιτική και πώς οι υπεύθυνοι διαμόρφωσης της εξωτερικής πολιτικής προσπάθησαν να διαμορφώσουν την κοινή γνώμη μέσω του Τύπου. Για τη μελέτη αυτής της τριγωνικής σχέσης (εξωτερική πολιτική, Τύπος, κοινή γνώμη) η συγγραφέας επέλεξε ορισμένα έντυπα μέσα ενημέρωσης ευρείας κυκλοφορίας (Washington Post, The New York Times, Los Angeles Times, TIME, LIFE) και ορισμένα έντυπα μέσα ενημέρωσης ειδικού ενδιαφέροντος και συγκεκριμένου πολιτικού προσανατολισμού (Commentary, Human Events, Nation) καθώς και τα αποτελέσματα των δημοσκοπήσεων του οργανισμού Gallup για την μέτρηση της αμερικανικής κοινής γνώμης. Η μελέτη έδειξε ότι σε πολιτικό επίπεδο, η απειλή του Ψυχρού Πολέμου και ο κίνδυνος της κομμουνιστικής επέκτασης επισκίασαν γρήγορα το παρελθόν της Γερμανίας και μετέτρεψαν τη χώρα από εχθρό σε σύμμαχο. Τα έντυπα μέσα ενημέρωσης ευρείας κυκλοφορίας, ήδη από τον περίφημο «Λόγο της Ελπίδας» του Μπερνς τον Σεπτέμβριο του 1946 ή και νωρίτερα ακόμα, πρόθυμα αποδύθηκαν στην προπαγάνδιση του ψυχροπολεμικού αφηγήματος, στο οποίο η Δυτική Γερμανία κατείχε ρόλο στρατηγικού συμμάχου για τις ΗΠΑ. Η διακυβέρνηση Τρούμαν επιδοκίμασε τα μέσα αυτά ενώ αποδοκίμασε σε ένα βαθμό, τα μικρότερα έντυπα  που διατήρησαν μια πιο ισορροπημένη και όσο το δυνατόν αμερόληπτη στάση. Με τη στάση της πλειοψηφίας του Τύπου ευθυγραμμίστηκε από πολύ νωρίς και η πλειοψηφία του αμερικανικού λαού που συμμετείχε στις δημοσκοπήσεις του οργανισμού Gallup.  Τέλος, η συγγραφέας χρησιμοποίησε το «μοντέλο προπαγάνδας», που αναπτύχθηκε από τους καταξιωμένους κοινωνικούς επιστήμονες Edward S. Herman και Noam Chomsky, για να καταδείξει τους τρόπους με τους οποίους τα μέσα ενημέρωσης παρουσιάζουν τις ειδήσεις ώστε να «κατασκευαστεί» δημόσια συναίνεση.

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