6. Identification Evidence

2021 ◽  
pp. 142-157
Author(s):  
Andrew L-T Choo
Keyword(s):  
Video Recordings ◽  
Visual Identification ◽  
Mistaken Identification ◽  
Court Of Appeal

Chapter 6 first considers the three categories of factors which may contribute to the mistaken identification of the defendant as the perpetrator of the offence: witness factors, event factors, and post-event factors. It then turns to R v Turnbull in 1976, where the Court of Appeal laid down the famous ‘Turnbull guidelines’ on judicial warnings to the jury about visual identification evidence. This is followed by discussions of discretionary exclusion of identification evidence and the use of photographs and video recordings.

6. Identification Evidence

Evidence ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew L-T Choo
Keyword(s):  
Video Recordings ◽  
Visual Identification ◽  
Mistaken Identification ◽  
Court Of Appeal

Chapter 6 first considers the three categories of factors which may contribute to the mistaken identification of the defendant as the perpetrator of the offence: witness factors, event factors, and post-event factors. It then turns to R v Turnbull in 1976, where the Court of Appeal laid down the famous ‘Turnbull guidelines’ on judicial warnings to the jury about visual identification evidence. This is followed by discussions of discretionary exclusion of identification evidence and the use of photographs and video recordings.

9. Visual and voice identification

2020 ◽  
pp. 276-300
Author(s):  
Adrian Keane ◽  
Paul McKeown
Keyword(s):  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Trial Procedure ◽  
Voice Identification ◽  
Visual Identification ◽  
The Law ◽  
Mistaken Identification

This chapter considers the risk of mistaken identification, and the law and procedure relating to evidence of visual and voice identification. In respect of evidence of visual identification, the chapter addresses: the Turnbull guidelines, including when a judge should stop a case and the direction to be given to the jury; visual recognition, including recognition by the jury themselves from a film, photograph, or other image; evidence of analysis of films, photographs, or other images; pre-trial procedure, including procedure relating to recognition by a witness from viewing films, photographs, either formally or informally; and admissibility where there have been breaches of pre-trial procedure. In respect of evidence of voice identification, the chapter addresses: pre -trial procedure; voice comparison by the jury with the assistance of experts or lay listeners; and the warning to be given to the jury (essentially an adaption of the Turnbull warning, but with particular focus on the factors which might affect the reliability of voice identification).

9. Visual and voice identification

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Keane ◽  
Paul McKeown
Keyword(s):  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Trial Procedure ◽  
Voice Identification ◽  
Visual Identification ◽  
The Law ◽  
Mistaken Identification

This chapter considers the risk of mistaken identification, and the law and procedure relating to evidence of visual and voice identification. In respect of evidence of visual identification, the chapter addresses: the Turnbull guidelines, including when a judge should stop a case and the direction to be given to the jury; visual recognition, including recognition by the jury themselves from a film, photograph or other image; evidence of analysis of films, photographs or other images; pre-trial procedure, including procedure relating to recognition by a witness from viewing films, photographs, either formally or informally; and admissibility where there have been breaches of pre-trial procedure. In respect of evidence of voice identification, the chapter addresses: pre -trial procedure; voice comparison by the jury with the assistance of experts or lay listeners’; and the warning to be given to the jury (essentially an adaption of the Turnbull warning, but with particular focus on the factors which might affect the reliability of voice identification).

Identification of the Incapacitated Patient in Mass Casualty Events: An Exploration of Challenges, Solutions, and Barriers

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 338-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Osborn ◽  
Lucy Easthope
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Identification Methods ◽  
Emergency Responders ◽  
Visual Identification ◽  
Mass Casualty Events ◽  
Incapacitated Patients ◽  
Mistaken Identification

AbstractIncreasing scrutiny of the role and actions of emergency responders in the aftermath of mass casualty events has led to improvements and advances in terms of treatment and care. However, despite these improvements, the authors have identified a growing concern relating to the identification of incapacitated patients and those unable to provide any identifying details, such as pediatric patients. The use of visual identification and the reliance on personal effects within the vicinity of a victim, either living or deceased, has resulted in mistaken identification in a number of major international incidents. The purpose of this article is to consider whether commonly used scientific methods for identification of the deceased could and should be broadened to include victims who are incapacitated and unable to confirm their own identity. The medicolegal questions that may arise when applying identification methods established for deceased patients to the living casualty will also be examined. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:338–344)

Reliability of the Conversational Interaction Coding Form When Applied to Natural Conversation of Individuals With Aphasia

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Pozzolo Coote ◽  
Jane Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Interobserver Reliability ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Group Setting ◽  
Conversational Interaction ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Aphasia Therapy ◽  
Natural Conversation ◽  
Point To Point

Purpose: Development of valid and reliable outcome tools to document social approaches to aphasia therapy and to determine best practice is imperative. The aim of this study is to determine whether the Conversational Interaction Coding Form (CICF; Pimentel & Algeo, 2009) can be applied reliably to the natural conversation of individuals with aphasia in a group setting. Method: Eleven graduate students participated in this study. During a 90-minute training session, participants reviewed and practiced coding with the CICF. Then participants independently completed the CICF using video recordings of individuals with non-fluent and fluent aphasia participating in an aphasia group. Interobserver reliability was computed using matrices representative of the point-to-point agreement or disagreement between each participant's coding and the authors' coding for each measure. Interobserver reliability was defined as 80% or better agreement for each measure. Results: On the whole, the CICF was not applied reliably to the natural conversation of individuals with aphasia in a group setting. Conclusion: In an extensive review of the turns that had high disagreement across participants, the poor reliability was attributed to inadequate rules and definitions and inexperienced coders. Further research is needed to improve the reliability of this potentially useful clinical tool.

Continuous Quantitative Monitoring of Mural, Platelet-Dependent, Thrombus Kinetics in the Crushed Rat Femoral Vein

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (04) ◽  
pp. 425-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Stockmans ◽  
H Deckmyn ◽  
J Gruwez ◽  
J Vermylen ◽  
R Acland
Keyword(s):  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Digital Analysis ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Quantitative Monitoring ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Quantitative Nature

SummaryA new in vivo method to study the size and dynamics of a growing mural thrombus was set up in the rat femoral vein. The method uses a standardized crush injury to induce a thrombus, and a newly developed transilluminator combined with digital analysis of video recordings. Thrombi in this model formed rapidly, reaching a maximum size 391 ± 35 sec following injury, after which they degraded with a half-life of 197 ± 31 sec. Histological examination indicated that the thrombi consisted mainly of platelets. The quantitative nature of the transillumination technique was demonstrated by simultaneous measurement of the incorporation of 111In labeled platelets into the thrombus. Thrombus formation, studied at 30 min interval in both femoral veins, showed satisfactory reproducibility overall and within a given animalWith this method we were able to induce a thrombus using a clinically relevant injury and to monitor continuously and reproducibly the kinetics of thrombus formation in a vessel of clinically and surgically relevant size

Visual Identification of Gilson Lapis

1982 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-118
Author(s):  
R. Keith Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Visual Identification
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