scholarly journals Synergistic effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on the metabolic scope and activity in a shallow-water coastal decapod (Metapenaeus joyneri; Crustacea: Penaeidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1147-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awantha Dissanayake ◽  
Atsushi Ishimatsu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Metabolic Scope ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature

Abstract Dissanayake, A., and Ishimatsu, A. 2011. Synergistic effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on the metabolic scope and activity in a shallow-water coastal decapod (Metapenaeus joyneri; Crustacea: Penaeidae). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1147–1154. The physical drivers of climate change (increased CO2; hypercapnia and temperature) are causing increasing warming of the earth's oceans, elevating oceanic CO2 concentrations, and acidity. Elucidating possible climate change impacts on marine biota is of paramount importance, because generally, invertebrates are more sensitive to hypercapnia than fish. This study addresses impacts of synergistic factors; hypercapnia and temperature on osmoregulation, acid–base balance, and resting and active metabolism (assessed as oxygen consumption rates) and behavioural performance in a model nektonic crustacean. Metapenaeus joyneri exposed to both hypercapnia (1 kPa) at two temperatures (15 and 20°C) demonstrated significant physiological effects, i.e. new regulatory set points (lower haemolymph osmolality and higher pH, i.e. alkalosis) and reduced metabolic scope (MS), compared with control individuals (normocapnia, 0.04 kPa). Behavioural effects included a significant 30% reduction in swimming ability and may be the result of reduced MS (i.e. difference between active and routine metabolism). Synergistic factors may cause organisms to shift energy utilization towards up-regulation of maintenance functions (i.e. osmoregulatory ability) resulting in a decrease in both aerobic scope and energy-demanding activities. Laboratory-derived evidence elucidating the impacts in key model groups is of paramount importance, if we are to improve our knowledge of physiological effects of synergistic climate change factors.

Response of microalgae to elevated CO2 and temperature: impact of climate change on freshwater ecosystems

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (19) ◽  
pp. 19847-19860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Xiaoguang Xu ◽  
Megumu Fujibayashi ◽  
Qigui Niu ◽  
Nobuyuki Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Temperature Impact ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature

scholarly journals Response of soybean genotypes to iron limiting stress in calcareous vertisol under ambient and elevated CO2 and temperature conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-301
Author(s):  
Kiran Karthik Raj ◽  
◽  
R.N. Pandey ◽  
Bhupinder Singh ◽  
M.C. Meena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Soybean Genotype ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature

Aim: To compare the relative performance of two contrasting genotypes of soybean to iron limiting conditions under ambient and elevated CO2 and temperature conditions. Methodology: A pot culture experiment was performed using calcareous vertisol soil. The environmental factors viz. CO2 and temperature were combined and applied as a single factor with two levels: a-[CO2+T] (400±10 µmol mol-1, day/night temperature 30oC/22oC) and e-[CO2+T] (610±10 µmol mol-1, day/night temperature 34oC/26oC). Soybean genotype that differed in iron use efficiency was used as another factor and two contrasting genotypes were used as two levels viz. iron efficient and responsive (FeER) and iron inefficient and responsive (FeIR). Results: The higher partial pressure of CO2 under elevated carbon dioxide and temperature condition (Pco2 = 61.8 Pa) dissolved the native CaCO3 from calcareous vertisol soil and thereby resulted in higher HCO3- ion concentration. The antagonistic interaction between Fe2+ with HCO3- ion resulted in greater iron stress. As compared to ambient condition, seed yield was significantly reduced under more stressed e-[CO2+T] condition and resulted in ~1.4 and ~1.9 times drop in FeER and FeIR genotypes, respectively. Iron efficient and responsive (FeER) genotype recorded an impressive performance, as compared to the iron inefficient and responsive (FeIR) genotype, in counteracting iron deficiency stress, both under ambient and elevated conditions. Interpretation: The intra-specific variability between soybean genotypes and their response to elevated CO2 and temperature can be exploited to remediate the emerging iron deficiency stress in soybean plants and suggest ways to structure the future breeding programmes to adapt to the climate change. Key words: Calcareous vertisol, Chlorosis, Climate change, CO2, Soybean

Effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on biochemistry of groundnut and inturn its effect on development of leaf eating caterpillar, Spodoptera litura fabricius

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shwetha . ◽  
A.G. Sreenivas ◽  
J. Ashoka ◽  
Sushila Nadagoud ◽  
P.H. Kuchnoor
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature

Climate change in terms of elevated CO2 (eCO2) and temperature may have host mediated effects which could affect the survival, growth and development, and population dynamics of insect herbivores. The present study aimed to examine the growth and development of leaf feeding Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) reared on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) grown under different climate change treatments under open top chambers (OTC’s) at University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka. Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, C: N ratio, phenols and tannins was observed in the groundnut foliage grown under eCO2 conditions. This alteration in food quality in elevated conditions significantly affected the growth parameters of S. litura in the form of increased food consumption, increased larval weight and more faecal matter production due to extended larval and pupal duration. This resulted in reduced fecundity, particularly in the population raised under eCO2 conditions compared to ambient conditions. Further, the insect larva showed increased approximate digestibility and relative consumption rate under eCO2 condition coupled with reduced efficiency of conversion of ingested food. As a result, the relative growth rate was decreased under eCO2 conditions. In nutshell, it can be concluded that eCO2 concentrations altered the quality of groundnut foliage as it was noticed by the changes in biochemical constituents of the foliage and has the negative effect on the growth and development of S. litura.

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