scholarly journals PSV-26 Late-Breaking: The Varying Relationship Between Packed Cell Volume and Fecal Egg Count in Different Breeds of Hair Sheep and Meat Goats Artificially Infected with Haemonchus Contortus.

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (suppl_3) ◽  
pp. 459-460
Author(s):  
A Goetsch ◽  
Y Tsukahara ◽  
T Gipson ◽  
S Hart ◽  
L Dawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Hair Sheep ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Meat Goats

Association between major histocompatibility complex microsatellites, fecal egg count, blood packed cell volume and blood eosinophilia in Pelibuey sheep infected with Haemonchus contortus

2011 ◽  
Vol 177 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Figueroa Castillo ◽  
Rubén Danilo Méndez Medina ◽  
José Manuel Berruecos Villalobos ◽  
Amanda Gayosso-Vázquez ◽  
Raúl Ulloa-Arvízu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Major Histocompatibility ◽  
Blood Eosinophilia ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Pelibuey Sheep

PSXIV-19 Heritability for growth and resistance to gastrointestinal parasitism in meat goats and hair sheep

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 492-493
Author(s):  
Yoko Tsukahara ◽  
Terry A Gipson ◽  
Steven P Hart ◽  
Lionel J Dawson ◽  
Zaisen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Residual Variance ◽  
Hair Sheep ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Meat Goats ◽  
Meat Goat ◽  
Variance Estimates ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Abstract Genetic selection for resistance to internal parasitism is of great research interest. Heritabilities were determined for average daily gain (ADG), logarithmic transformed fecal egg count (FEC), packed cell volume (PCV), and serum immunoglobin (Ig) levels of growing male meat goats and hair sheep from different farms in the southcentral USA during three consecutive central performance tests (CPT). Tests entailed 7–10 wk of data collection after artificial infection with Haemonchus contortus. In year 1, animals evaluated were selected randomly and in years 2 and 3 progeny of CPT sires classified as highly or moderately resistant, which included 46, 50, and 51 Boer, Kiko, and Spanish and 59, 61, 34, and 46 Dorper, Katahdin-farm A, Katahdin-farm B, and St. Croix, respectively. Females were classified accordingly on-farm based on FEC and FAMACHA. Pedigree records consisted of 32 and 57 known sires, 95 and 152 known dams including 4 and 10 full-sibs and 97 and 149 half-sibs for goats and sheep, respectively. Variance components and heritabilities were estimated by AIREML using WOMBAT with a multivariate animal model. Heritability estimates were 0.48 ± 0.214 and 0.85 ± 0.157 of ADG, 0.31 ± 0.237 and 0.20 ± 0.172 of FEC, 0.60 ± 0.206 and 0.24 ± 0.185 of PCV, 0.26 ± 0.172 and 0.51 ± 0.167 of IgA, 0.335 and 0.543 of IgM, and 0.14 ± 0.192 and 0.31 ± 0.190 of IgG for goats and sheep, respectively. Reasons for relatively high heritabilities for all traits include the low residual variance estimates due primarily to a standardized environment in the performance test. In conclusion, moderate to high heritabilities were found for growth performance and response to parasite infection for growing meat goat and hair sheep males under a standardized environment that suggests considerable for genetic improvement through selection.

PSXIV-18 Genetic improvement for resistance to gastrointestinal parasitism in growing meat goats and hair sheep through a centralized performance test in the southcentral USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 493-493
Author(s):  
Arthur L Goetsch ◽  
Yoko Tsukahara ◽  
Terry A Gipson ◽  
Steven P Hart ◽  
Lionel J Dawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Artificial Infection ◽  
Hair Sheep ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Meat Goats ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Progress from selecting meat goats and hair sheep from different farms in the southcentral United States for resistance to internal parasitism during three consecutive central performance tests was evaluated. Tests entailed 7–10 wk of data collection after artificial infection of growing males with Haemonchus contortus larvae. There were 44, 50, and 50 Boer, Kiko, and Spanish goats and 54, 55, 34, and 47 Dorper, Katahdin-farm-A, Katahdin-farm-B, and St. Croix sheep, respectively. In year 1, males were randomly selected and in years 2 and 3 were progeny of sires and females classified as highly and moderately resistant. Criteria for males was average daily gain and residual feed intake during the performance test and means of fecal egg count (FEC) and packed cell volume after artificial infection and for females was FEC and FAMACHA on-farm. There were interactions in FEC of breed×year (P < 0.001) for both species (1,046; 1,134; and 2,630 for Boer; 3,781; 1,239; and 1,216 for Kiko; 1,303; 1,357; and 1,464 for Spanish; 3,288; 1,956; and 1,315 for Dorper; 1,528; 1,759; and 2,241 for Katahdin-A, 2,414; 3,874; and 1,793 for Katahdin-B; and 1,371; 1,160; and 1,175 eggs/g for St. Croix in years 1, 2, and 3, respectively) and year×resistance group (RG; P = 0.005) for goats (1,359; 610, and 552 for high; 1,951; 1,268; and 1,440 for moderate; 2,821; 1,852; and 3,118 eggs/g for low RG in years 1, 2, and 3, respectively) but not for sheep (P = 0.639). In conclusion, resistance appeared greatest for Spanish and St. Croix within species and was increased by selection of Kiko and Dorper. For highly resistant goats, lower FEC in year 2 and 3 vs. 1, compared with no year differences for moderate and low RG, indicates selection progress, and the lack of similar differences for sheep may reflect their relatively greater resistance.

Observations on the development of Haemonchus contortus in young sheep given a single infection

Parasitology ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Coadwell ◽  
P. F. V. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Parasite Development ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Rapid Elongation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Negative Exponential ◽  
Group 1

Worm free lambs 2–4 months old were given a single infection of 50 000 Haemonchus contortus larvae. The changes in packed red cell volume were compared with those of uninfected sheep and the infected sheep were divided into two groups according to the rate of change of packed cell volume. In group 1, packed cell volume fell sharply from the 10th day of infection and the sheep eventually died. In group 2, the fall was less marked and the packed cell volume returned to normal after about 40 days. The rates of increase of parasite body length and dry weight were compared for the two groups. Parasites in group 1 sheep grew more slowly than their group 2 contemporaries. Accurate planning of metabolic studies on H. contortus was made possible by using this information to predict the course of an infection and the size of the worms. Parasite development was also measured in sheep for which the packed cell volume was not recorded. Computer analysis showed that adult worm length increase did not follow a simple growth pattern starting from the last ecdysis, but consisted of a rapid elongation followed by a simple negative exponential increase. Dry weight increase also followed a negative exponential during the second phase. Measurements of dry weight as a percentage of wet weight indicated that the rapid elongation was possibly linked with cell enlargement by the uptake of water.

scholarly journals Genetic Selection for Resistance to Gastrointestinal Parasitism in Meat Goats and Hair Sheep through a Performance Test with Artificial Infection of Haemonchus contortus

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1902
Author(s):  
Yoko Tsukahara ◽  
Terry A. Gipson ◽  
Steven P. Hart ◽  
Lionel Dawson ◽  
Zaisen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Parasite Resistance ◽  
Artificial Infection ◽  
Hair Sheep ◽  
Meat Goats ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Of

Internal parasitism has been the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in small ruminants in many areas such as the southcentral USA. Among the different approaches and management practices to cope with internal parasitism, genetic selection for internal parasite resistance is recognized as one with considerable potential long-term impact. A central performance test with artificial infection of Haemonchus contortus for selection of growing meat goats and hair sheep for breeding to increase resistance to internal parasitism and on-farm selection of females was conducted for 3 years. The results varied considerably among breeds of goats and flocks of sheep. Spanish goats and St. Croix sheep maintained relatively low fecal egg count (FEC) each year, whereas for goats categorized as being of high resistance and Dorper sheep FEC decreased with advancing year. Packed call volume (PCV) and total serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels were not strongly related to FEC. Genetic parameters varied between the two species, which might be related to previous selection pressure exerted for parasite resistance. Heritability of FEC was higher in goats than sheep. The genetic correlation between FEC and IgM and IgG was negative for both species, which suggests possible genetic association. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between ADG and FEC were nonsignificant for both species. In conclusion, different relationships of FEC and PCV between species require careful attention during selection and the lack of relationship between ADG and FEC suggests that selection of growing male meat goats and hair sheep for resistance to internal parasitism will not adversely affect growth performance.

scholarly journals Effect of experimental Haemonchus contortus infection on hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume of does

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. R. Howlader ◽  
S. S. Capitan ◽  
S. L. Eduardo ◽  
N. P. Roxas ◽  
C. C. Sevilla
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration

PSXII-30 Genetic and phenotypic correlations for growth and resistance to gastrointestinal parasitism in meat goats and hair sheep

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 491-492
Author(s):  
Yoko Tsukahara ◽  
Terry A Gipson ◽  
Steven P Hart ◽  
Lionel J Dawson ◽  
Zaisen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Hair Sheep ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Meat Goats ◽  
Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
On Farm

Abstract Genetic and phenotypic correlations for growth and response to parasite infection traits were estimated for growing male meat goats and hair sheep from different farms in the southcentral United States during three consecutive central performance tests (CPT). Data were collected for 7–10 wk after artificial infection with Haemonchus contortus, which included average daily gain (ADG), fecal egg count (FEC), packed cell volume (PCV), and immunoglobin (Ig) levels. Animals evaluated were selected randomly in year 1 and in years 2 and 3 progeny of CPT sires classified as highly or moderately resistant and included 46, 50, and 51 Boer, Kiko, and Spanish goats and 59, 61, 34, and 46 Dorper, Katahdin-farm A, Katahdin-farm B, and St. Croix sheep, respectively. Females were classified accordingly on-farm based on FEC and FAMACHA. Pedigree records included 4 and 10 full-sibs and 97 and 149 half-sibs for goats and sheep, respectively. Variance components and correlations were estimated by AIREML using WOMBAT with a multivariate animal model. The additive genetic correlation between FEC and PCV was negative for goats (r=-041, P < 0.001) but positive for sheep (r=0.21, P = 0.004), whereas the phenotypic correlation between FEC and PCV was nonsignificant for goats but negative for sheep (r=-0.252, P < 0.001). The genetic correlation between FEC and IgA was positive (r=0.39, P < 0.001) for goats but nonsignificant (P = 0.439) for sheep, whereas those of FEC with IgM and IgG were both negative (r=-0.369 and -0.732 with IgM and r=-0.284 and -0.702 for goats and sheep, respectively; P < 0.001). Genetic and phenotypic correlations between ADG and FEC were nonsignificant for both species. In conclusion, different relationships of FEC and PCV between species require careful attention during selection and the lack of relationship between ADG and FEC suggests that selection of growing male meat goats and hair sheep for resistance to internal parasitism will not adversely affect growth performance.

scholarly journals Iceberg Indicators for Animal Welfare in Rural Sheep Farms Using the Five Domains Model Approach

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2273
Author(s):  
Rick Obrian Hernandez ◽  
Jorge Alberto Sánchez ◽  
Marlyn H. Romero
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Flight Distance ◽  
Qualitative Behavior ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Model Approach

Animal welfare for sheep in extensive rural farms is difficult to quantify among rural farmers due to several factors, including the lack of technology and the low level of interaction they have with the animals. The purpose of this study was to search for animal-based iceberg indicators using the Five Domains Model approach and study the relationship between sheep reactive behavior (flight distance), sheep handling training and farmers job satisfaction. Thirteen extensive commercial dual-purpose sheep farms (n = 520 animals) were evaluated in Marulanda, Caldas (Colombia, South America). On-farm Animal Welfare Indicators (AWIN) were assessed using an adapted version of this protocol. Socio-demographic characteristics, sheep handling training and job satisfaction were evaluated using a structured interview. Blood and stool samples were taken to determine Fecal Egg Count and Packed Cell Volume. Bivariate regression models were used to find animal-based indicators that predicted Nutrition, Ambience, Health and Behavior welfare domains, and a Qualitative Behavior Analysis was used for mind state domain analysis. Body condition score (BCS) (p = 0.001), fleece cleanliness (p = 0.03), FAMACHA© Score (p = 0.05), and flight distance in meters (p = 0.19) were found to be indicators, and were useful for predicting overall welfare assessment (R2 = 0.85) on theses farms. Regarding mind welfare domain, Qualitative Behavioral Assessment found two principal components (PC) that explained 82% and 67% of the variance, and described emotional valence and energy levels of sheep, respectively. Sheep handling training (β = −8.75, p = 0.004) and job satisfaction (β = −7.5, p = 0.013) had a negative association with the average flock flight distance. Spearman’s rank correlations were significant (p < 0.001) between Fecal Egg Count, Packed Cell Volume, FAMACHA© Score (FS), Body Weight (BW) and, BCS. The strongest association was observed between Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and Fecal Egg Count (FEC) (r = −0.43), also FS was correlated with PCV (r = −0.28) and FEC (r = 0.21), and BCS was correlated with weight (r = 0.32). We suggest that these animal-based indicators could be useful as iceberg indicators for extensive sheep production systems and may set the ground for more research in small extensive sheep farms to develop strategies to find welfare problems and solutions.

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