PSXII-30 Genetic and phenotypic correlations for growth and resistance to gastrointestinal parasitism in meat goats and hair sheep

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 491-492
Author(s):  
Yoko Tsukahara ◽  
Terry A Gipson ◽  
Steven P Hart ◽  
Lionel J Dawson ◽  
Zaisen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Hair Sheep ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Meat Goats ◽  
Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
On Farm

Abstract Genetic and phenotypic correlations for growth and response to parasite infection traits were estimated for growing male meat goats and hair sheep from different farms in the southcentral United States during three consecutive central performance tests (CPT). Data were collected for 7–10 wk after artificial infection with Haemonchus contortus, which included average daily gain (ADG), fecal egg count (FEC), packed cell volume (PCV), and immunoglobin (Ig) levels. Animals evaluated were selected randomly in year 1 and in years 2 and 3 progeny of CPT sires classified as highly or moderately resistant and included 46, 50, and 51 Boer, Kiko, and Spanish goats and 59, 61, 34, and 46 Dorper, Katahdin-farm A, Katahdin-farm B, and St. Croix sheep, respectively. Females were classified accordingly on-farm based on FEC and FAMACHA. Pedigree records included 4 and 10 full-sibs and 97 and 149 half-sibs for goats and sheep, respectively. Variance components and correlations were estimated by AIREML using WOMBAT with a multivariate animal model. The additive genetic correlation between FEC and PCV was negative for goats (r=-041, P < 0.001) but positive for sheep (r=0.21, P = 0.004), whereas the phenotypic correlation between FEC and PCV was nonsignificant for goats but negative for sheep (r=-0.252, P < 0.001). The genetic correlation between FEC and IgA was positive (r=0.39, P < 0.001) for goats but nonsignificant (P = 0.439) for sheep, whereas those of FEC with IgM and IgG were both negative (r=-0.369 and -0.732 with IgM and r=-0.284 and -0.702 for goats and sheep, respectively; P < 0.001). Genetic and phenotypic correlations between ADG and FEC were nonsignificant for both species. In conclusion, different relationships of FEC and PCV between species require careful attention during selection and the lack of relationship between ADG and FEC suggests that selection of growing male meat goats and hair sheep for resistance to internal parasitism will not adversely affect growth performance.

PSXIV-18 Genetic improvement for resistance to gastrointestinal parasitism in growing meat goats and hair sheep through a centralized performance test in the southcentral USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 493-493
Author(s):  
Arthur L Goetsch ◽  
Yoko Tsukahara ◽  
Terry A Gipson ◽  
Steven P Hart ◽  
Lionel J Dawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Artificial Infection ◽  
Hair Sheep ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Meat Goats ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Progress from selecting meat goats and hair sheep from different farms in the southcentral United States for resistance to internal parasitism during three consecutive central performance tests was evaluated. Tests entailed 7–10 wk of data collection after artificial infection of growing males with Haemonchus contortus larvae. There were 44, 50, and 50 Boer, Kiko, and Spanish goats and 54, 55, 34, and 47 Dorper, Katahdin-farm-A, Katahdin-farm-B, and St. Croix sheep, respectively. In year 1, males were randomly selected and in years 2 and 3 were progeny of sires and females classified as highly and moderately resistant. Criteria for males was average daily gain and residual feed intake during the performance test and means of fecal egg count (FEC) and packed cell volume after artificial infection and for females was FEC and FAMACHA on-farm. There were interactions in FEC of breed×year (P < 0.001) for both species (1,046; 1,134; and 2,630 for Boer; 3,781; 1,239; and 1,216 for Kiko; 1,303; 1,357; and 1,464 for Spanish; 3,288; 1,956; and 1,315 for Dorper; 1,528; 1,759; and 2,241 for Katahdin-A, 2,414; 3,874; and 1,793 for Katahdin-B; and 1,371; 1,160; and 1,175 eggs/g for St. Croix in years 1, 2, and 3, respectively) and year×resistance group (RG; P = 0.005) for goats (1,359; 610, and 552 for high; 1,951; 1,268; and 1,440 for moderate; 2,821; 1,852; and 3,118 eggs/g for low RG in years 1, 2, and 3, respectively) but not for sheep (P = 0.639). In conclusion, resistance appeared greatest for Spanish and St. Croix within species and was increased by selection of Kiko and Dorper. For highly resistant goats, lower FEC in year 2 and 3 vs. 1, compared with no year differences for moderate and low RG, indicates selection progress, and the lack of similar differences for sheep may reflect their relatively greater resistance.

PSXIV-19 Heritability for growth and resistance to gastrointestinal parasitism in meat goats and hair sheep

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 492-493
Author(s):  
Yoko Tsukahara ◽  
Terry A Gipson ◽  
Steven P Hart ◽  
Lionel J Dawson ◽  
Zaisen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Residual Variance ◽  
Hair Sheep ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Meat Goats ◽  
Meat Goat ◽  
Variance Estimates ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Abstract Genetic selection for resistance to internal parasitism is of great research interest. Heritabilities were determined for average daily gain (ADG), logarithmic transformed fecal egg count (FEC), packed cell volume (PCV), and serum immunoglobin (Ig) levels of growing male meat goats and hair sheep from different farms in the southcentral USA during three consecutive central performance tests (CPT). Tests entailed 7–10 wk of data collection after artificial infection with Haemonchus contortus. In year 1, animals evaluated were selected randomly and in years 2 and 3 progeny of CPT sires classified as highly or moderately resistant, which included 46, 50, and 51 Boer, Kiko, and Spanish and 59, 61, 34, and 46 Dorper, Katahdin-farm A, Katahdin-farm B, and St. Croix, respectively. Females were classified accordingly on-farm based on FEC and FAMACHA. Pedigree records consisted of 32 and 57 known sires, 95 and 152 known dams including 4 and 10 full-sibs and 97 and 149 half-sibs for goats and sheep, respectively. Variance components and heritabilities were estimated by AIREML using WOMBAT with a multivariate animal model. Heritability estimates were 0.48 ± 0.214 and 0.85 ± 0.157 of ADG, 0.31 ± 0.237 and 0.20 ± 0.172 of FEC, 0.60 ± 0.206 and 0.24 ± 0.185 of PCV, 0.26 ± 0.172 and 0.51 ± 0.167 of IgA, 0.335 and 0.543 of IgM, and 0.14 ± 0.192 and 0.31 ± 0.190 of IgG for goats and sheep, respectively. Reasons for relatively high heritabilities for all traits include the low residual variance estimates due primarily to a standardized environment in the performance test. In conclusion, moderate to high heritabilities were found for growth performance and response to parasite infection for growing meat goat and hair sheep males under a standardized environment that suggests considerable for genetic improvement through selection.

scholarly journals Realized Sampling Variances of Estimates of Genetic Parameters and the Difference Between Genetic and Phenotypic Correlations

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 1409-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth R Koots ◽  
John P Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Sampling Variance ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Heritability Estimates

Abstract A data set of 1572 heritability estimates and 1015 pairs of genetic and phenotypic correlation estimates, constructed from a survey of published beef cattle genetic parameter estimates, provided a rare opportunity to study realized sampling variances of genetic parameter estimates. The distribution of both heritability estimates and genetic correlation estimates, when plotted against estimated accuracy, was consistent with random error variance being some three times the sampling variance predicted from standard formulae. This result was consistent with the observation that the variance of estimates of heritabilities and genetic correlations between populations were about four times the predicted sampling variance, suggesting few real differences in genetic parameters between populations. Except where there was a strong biological or statistical expectation of a difference, there was little evidence for differences between genetic and phenotypic correlations for most trait combinations or for differences in genetic correlations between populations. These results suggest that, even for controlled populations, estimating genetic parameters specific to a given population is less useful than commonly believed. A serendipitous discovery was that, in the standard formula for theoretical standard error of a genetic correlation estimate, the heritabilities refer to the estimated values and not, as seems generally assumed, the true population values.

DEVELOPMENT OF DLS BREED OF SHEEP: GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC PARAMETERS OF DATE OF LAMBING AND LITTER SIZE

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMED H. FAHMY
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations

Least square means, heritabilities, repeatabilities, genetic and phenotypic correlations of date of lambing and litter size in a population of DLS sheep selected for extended breeding season were estimated by different methods. Mean date of lambing for first, second and third parities was 20 Jan., 6 Jan., 31 Dec. and mean litter size was 1.20, 1.25 and 1.41 lambs, respectively. Heritabilities for date of lambing were 0.37 (sire component, 0.25 (sire and dam component), 0.52 (correlation between full sisters) and 0.17 (regression of daughter on dam). For litter size these methods gave the following estimates: 0.17, 0.14, 0.22 and 0.04, respectively. Repeatability estimates averaged 0.21 for date of lambing and 0.24 for litter size. Genetic correlation between the two traits was calculated at −0.38 (sire component), −0.25 (full sisters) and −0.07 (regression of daughter on dam) while the phenotypic correlation was estimated at −0.19 (P < 0.01). Key words: DLS sheep, heritability, repeatability, genetic correlation, phenotypic correlation, date of lambing, litter size

HERITABILITY OF TEAT NUMBER IN SWINE

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. McKAY ◽  
G. W. RAHNEFELD
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Teat Number ◽  
Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Selection For

Heritabilities were estimated for teat number in nine populations of swine over two time periods. From 1962 to 1974 the populations included Lacombe, Yorkshire, and Lacombe × Yorkshire. In this data set, only total teat number was recorded. From 1982 to 1988 three purebred populations (Landrace, Yorkshire, and Hampshire) and three crossbred populations (Landrace-Yorkshire rotation, Landrace × Yorkshire, and Landrace × Hampshire) were represented and total teat number and the number of teats anterior and posterior to the navel were recorded. Heritabilities for total teat number were greater in the 1982–1988 data (ranging from 0.27 to 0.47) than in the 1962–1974 data (ranging from 0.20 to 0.32). The heritability of posterior teat numbers (ranging from 0.08 to 0.39) was generally larger than the heritability of anterior teat numbers (ranging from 0.03 to 0.21) and both were considerably less than the heritability of total teat number. Genetic and phenotypic correlations were calculated for the relationships between anterior and posterior teat numbers (AP), anterior and total teat numbers (AT), and posterior and total teat numbers (PT). The relative magnitudes of the genetic and phenotypic correlations with respect to AP, AT, and PT revealed that selection for increased total teat number would increase the number of anterior and posterior teats. However, the larger genetic correlations for PT relative to AT would lead to a greater increase in posterior teat number than anterior teat number. Key words: Pigs, teat number, heritability, genetic correlation, phenotypic correlation

scholarly journals GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC CORRELATIONS FOR BODY WEIGHTS IN YANKASA SHEEP

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
W. A. HASSAN ◽  
N. I. DIM ◽  
O. A. OSINOWO ◽  
B. Y. ABUBAKAR
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
One Year

Using paternal half-sib (PHS) analysis, coefficients of genetic and phenotypic correlations be- tween body weights of Yankasa lambs at birth, weaning (three months), six months, nine months and one year of age were estimate. The highest genetic correlation coefficient of 0.33 was obtained between birth and yearling weight. Six- month weight had very low and negative genetic correlation with yearling weight (-0.04). Phenotypic correlation coefficients for the various body weights pairs were positive and mostly of medium magnitude (0.12 -0.47). 

HERITABILITIES AND GENETIC CORRELATIONS FOR ULTRASONIC BACKFAT MEASUREMENTS, GROWTH AND CARCASS TRAITS IN SWINE

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. JEFFRIES ◽  
R. G. PETERSON
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Ultrasonic Measurements ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Season Interaction

Genetic parameters were estimated for 2403 purebred Yorkshire pigs over a 2-yr period, representing 21 sires. The traits studied included average daily gain, age adjusted to 90 kg, ultrasonic measurements of backfat at the mid-back and loin positions, total and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat and corresponding carcass backfat measurements. Least squares analyses were used to estimate and adjust for the effects of sex, year-season and sex by year-season interaction. Heritabilities and genetic correlations were calculated for all traits using both half- and full-sib estimates. Adjusted age and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat measurements were found to have the highest heritabilities of the live traits in this study. Estimates of heritability for adjusted age and adjusted total ultrasonic backfat were 0.24 ± 0.10 and 0.26 ± 0.10 based on half-sib and 0.56 ± 0.07 and 0.41 ± 0.06 from full-sib analyses. The genetic correlation between these two traits was −0.07 ± 0.28 based on the half-sib method. The total phenotypic correlation was −0.01 ± 0.02. Key words: Swine, ultrasonic backfat, heritabilities, genetic correlations

scholarly journals Genetic Parameters for First Lactation and Lifetime Traits of Nili-Ravi Buffaloes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Tamboli ◽  
Anurag Bharadwaj ◽  
Amit Chaurasiya ◽  
Yogesh Chandrakant Bangar ◽  
Andonissamy Jerome
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Productive Life ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Breeding Efficiency ◽  
Estimation Of Variance

The data on first lactation and lifetime performance records of 501 Nili-Ravi were collected for a period from 1983 to 2017 (35 years) maintained at ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Sub-Campus, Nabha, Punjab. The data were analyzed to calculate heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlation for first lactation traits, viz., Age at First Calving (AFC), First Lactation Total Milk Yield (FLTMY), First Lactation Standard (305 days or less) Milk Yield (FLSMY), First Peak Milk Yield (FPY), First Lactation Length (FLL), First Dry Period (FDP), First Service Period (FSP) and First Calving Interval (FCI), Herd Life (HL), Productive Life (PL), Productive Days (PD), Unproductive Days (UD), Breeding Efficiency (BE), Total Lifetime Milk Yield (Total LTMY), Standard Lifetime Milk Yield (Standard LTMY), Milk Yield Per Day of Productive Life (MY/PL), Milk Yield Per Day of Productive Days (MY/PD), and Milk Yield Per Day of Herd Life (MY/HL). For estimation of variance component and heritability separately for each trait, the uni-trait animal model was equipped, whereas to estimate genetic and phenotypic correlations between traits, bi-trait animal models were fitted. The estimates of heritability for production and reproduction traits of Nili-Ravi were medium, i.e., 0.365 ± 0.087, 0.353 ± 0.071, 0.318 ± 0.082, 0.354 ± 0.076, and 0.362 ± 0.086 for FLSMY, FDP, FSP, FCI, and AFC, respectively. The estimates of heritability were low, i.e., 0.062 ± 0.088, 0.123 ± 0.090, 0.158 ± 0.090, 0.155 ± 0.091, and 0.129 ± 0.091 for HL, PL, PD, Total LTMY, and Standard LTMY and high, i.e., 0.669 ± 0.096 for BE. Genetic correlation for FLTMY was high with FLL (0.710 ± 0.103), and genetic correlation of FLTMY was high and positive with HL, Total LTMY, MY/PL, and MY/PD while low and positive with PL. Genetic correlation of AFC was low and negative with PL, PD, UD, BE, Total LTMY, Standard LTMY, MY/PL, and MY/PD and negative with MY/HL. Significant positive phenotypic association of FPY was seen with FLTMY, FLSMY, FLL, AFC, HL, Total LTMY, and Standard LTMY. Higher heritability of first lactation traits especially FPY suggests sufficient additive genetic variability, which can be exploited under selection and breeding policy in order to improve overall performance of Nili-Ravi buffaloes.

Genetic and phenotypic relationships between food intake, growth, efficiency and body composition of mice post weaning and at maturity

1998 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Archer ◽  
W. S. Pitchford ◽  
T. E. Hughes ◽  
P. F. Parnell
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Daily Food Intake ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Selection For

AbstractGenetic and phenotypic variation in post-weaning growth, food intake, efficiency and body composition of mice post weaning and at maturity, were examined to determine whether genetic variation in efficiency exists and to predict likely responses to selection for increased food efficiency in post-weaning animals. Genetic variation was found for average daily gain, mid-weight, daily food intake and proportion of body fat both post weaning and at maturity. Residual food intake calculated from phenotypic regression had a heritability of 0·27 (s.e. 0·06) post weaning and 0·24 (s.e. 0·08) at maturity, and was very similar to residual food intake calculated using genetic (co)variances, indicating genetic variation in efficiency exists in post-weaning and mature mice. Although the phenotypic correlation between residual food intake post weaning and at maturity was low (0·29), the genetic correlation was moderate (0·60). This suggests that selection for efficiency in young animals will lead to a correlated improvement in maintenance efficiency of mature animals. Genetic correlation estimates suggest that correlated responses in other traits would include a concomitant decrease in post-weaning food intake, a slight increase in weight at weaning, a slight increase in post-weaning fat proportion and little or no change in post-weaning growth. In mature animals there will be an associated decrease in daily food intake and a slight decrease in mature size and body fat proportion. The results suggest that residual food intake of young animals might be a suitable selection criteria for use in livestock species to improve efficiency in young animals and also in the breeding herd.

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