Effects of Leucine on in Vitro Protein Synthesis and Degradation in Rat Skeletal Muscles

1984 ◽  
Vol 114 (7) ◽  
pp. 1204-1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon-Ok Chang Hong ◽  
Donald K. Layman
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
In Vitro Protein Synthesis ◽  
Protein Synthesis And Degradation ◽  
Synthesis And Degradation ◽  
Vitro Protein

scholarly journals The effect of glutamine on protein turnover in chick skeletal muscle in vitro

1990 ◽  
Vol 265 (2) ◽  
pp. 593-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Wu ◽  
J R Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Glutamine Concentration ◽  
Protein Synthesis And Degradation ◽  
Synthesis And Degradation

The effect of glutamine on the rates of protein synthesis and degradation was studied in isolated chick extensor digitorum communis muscles incubated in the presence of plasma concentrations of amino acids. Addition of 0.5-15 mM-glutamine increases (P less than 0.01) intracellular glutamine concentrations by 31-670%. There is a positive relationship (r = 0.975, P less than 0.01) between intracellular glutamine concentration and the rate of muscle protein synthesis measured by the incorporation of [3H]phenylalanine. The stimulating effect of 15 mM-glutamine on protein synthesis was decreased from 58 to 19% in muscles incubated in the absence of tyrosine. The rates of protein degradation, estimated from [3H]phenylalanine release from muscle proteins prelabelled in vivo, decreased (P less than 0.05) by 15-30% in the presence of 4-15 mM-glutamine when compared with muscles incubated in the presence of physiological concentrations of glutamine (0.5-1 mM). Glutamine concentrations ranging from 2 to 15 mM appear to have an overall anabolic effect on chick skeletal muscles incubated in vitro.

The effect of synthetic lysine and methionine on in vitro protein synthesis of weaning pigs

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.M. Kwon ◽  
K.N. Heo ◽  
Y.J. Choi ◽  
I.K. Han ◽  
J.H. Woo
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
In Vitro Protein Synthesis ◽  
Weaning Pigs ◽  
Vitro Protein

Inhibition of in vitro protein synthesis by aflatoxin B1 derivatives

FEBS Letters ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Sarasin ◽  
Yvonne Moulè
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
In Vitro Protein Synthesis ◽  
Vitro Protein

[37] In vitro protein synthesis

1991 ◽  
pp. 536-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Leibowitz ◽  
Francis P. Barbone ◽  
Denise E. Georgopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
In Vitro Protein Synthesis ◽  
Vitro Protein

Effects of oestradiol, the oestrous cycle and pregnancy on weight, metabolism and cytosol receptors in the uterus of the brush-tail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula)

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Curlewis ◽  
G. M. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Uterine Weight ◽  
In Vitro Protein Synthesis ◽  
Vitro Protein

ABSTRACT Uterine weight, RNA, DNA, protein content, in-vitro rate of protein synthesis, cytosol oestrogen and progesterone receptors were examined after administration of oestradiol to ovariectomized animals and on days 0, 5, 9 and 13 of the non-pregnant cycle and day 13 of pregnancy. In ovariectomized animals, oestradiol increased uterine weight, RNA: DNA and protein: DNA ratios and the concentration of cytosol receptors for oestradiol and progesterone. During the oestrous cycle there was a linear increase in uterine weight and a significant effect of the corpus luteum on the weight of the ipsilateral uterus. Changes in RNA, DNA and protein content between days 0 and 5 were not observed, but between days 5 and 13 RNA: DNA and protein: DNA ratios increased and the DNA: tissue weight ratio decreased. Thus, cellular hypertrophy and/or increased metabolic activity rather than hyperplasia occur over this period, which is coincident with the known rise in plasma progesterone levels. The rate of in-vitro protein synthesis (per unit tissue protein) during the non-pregnant cycle was greatest at day 0. These changes in uterine metabolic activity were associated with alterations in cytosol receptor concentrations for both steroids. Cytosol progesterone receptor concentrations were highest at day 0 after which they declined to a minimum at day 13. Cytosol oestradiol receptor concentrations, however, rose between days 0 and 5 and then declined. Although lutectomy on day 8 of the cycle does not interfere with the development of a histologically normal luteal phase, high peripheral progesterone levels which occur after day 8 in intact animals are associated with major increases in uterine metabolic activity. The unilateral effect of the corpus luteum on uterine weight was associated with a decrease in DNA: g tissue ratio and an increase in rate of in-vitro protein synthesis indicating hypertrophy and/or extracellular accumulation of secreted material as well as enhanced metabolic activity. There was a significant effect of pregnancy on uterine weight at day 13 and this was associated with an increase in DNA content of both uteri. There was a unilateral effect of pregnancy on RNA: DNA ratio and in-vitro rate of protein synthesis, but not on uterine weight. J. Endocr. (1986) 108, 201–210

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