Time Course and Sex Effects of α-Linolenic Acid-Rich and DHA-Rich Supplements on Human Plasma Oxylipins: A Randomized Double-Blind Crossover Trial

ABSTRACT Background Differences in health effects of dietary α-linolenic acid (ALA) and DHA are mediated at least in part by differences in their effects on oxylipins. Objectives Time course and sex differences of plasma oxylipins in response to ALA- compared with DHA-rich supplements were examined. Methods Healthy men and women, aged 19–34 y and BMI 18–28 kg/m2, were provided with capsules containing ∼4 g/d of ALA or DHA in a randomized double-blind crossover study with >6-wk wash-in and wash-out phases. Plasma PUFA and oxylipin (primary outcome) concentrations at days 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 of supplementation were analyzed by GC and HPLC-MS/MS, respectively. Sex differences, supplementation and time effects, and days to plateau were analyzed. Results ALA supplementation doubled ALA concentrations, but had no effects on ALA oxylipins after 28 d, whereas DHA supplementation tripled both DHA and its oxylipins. Increases in DHA oxylipins were detected as early as day 1, and a plateau was reached by days 5–7 for 11 of 12 individual DHA oxylipins and for total DHA oxylipins. Nine individual DHA oxylipins reached a plateau in females with DHA supplementation, compared with only 4 in males. A similar time course and sex difference pattern occurred with EPA and its oxylipins with DHA supplementation. DHA compared with ALA supplementation also resulted in higher concentrations of 4 individual arachidonic acids, 1 linoleic acid, and 1 dihomo-γ-linolenic acid oxylipin, despite not increasing the concentrations of these fatty acids, further demonstrating that oxylipins do not always reflect their precursor PUFA. Conclusions DHA compared with a similar dose of ALA has greater effects on both n–3 and n–6 oxylipins in young, healthy adults, with differences in response to DHA supplementation occurring earlier and being greater in females. These findings can help explain differences in dietary effects of ALA and DHA. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02317588.

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Randomized, Double-Blind Crossover Study to Investigate the Effects of Amlodipine and Isosorbide Mononitrate on the Time Course and Severity of Exercise-Induced Myocardial Stunning

Circulation ◽

10.1161/01.cir.98.8.749 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 98 (8) ◽

pp. 749-756 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Christopher A. Rinaldi ◽

Andre Z. Linka ◽

Navroz D. Masani ◽

Philip G. Avery ◽

Elizabeth Jones ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crossover Study ◽

Myocardial Stunning ◽

Time Course ◽

Isosorbide Mononitrate ◽

Double Blind ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

Blind Crossover Study ◽

Double Blind Crossover Study

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Pharmacokinetics and Tolerability of Factor XIII Concentrates Prepared from Human Placenta or Plasma: a Crossover Randomised Study

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1649787 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 74 (02) ◽

pp. 622-625 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

H H Brackmann ◽

R Egbring ◽

A Ferster ◽

P Fondu ◽

J M Girardel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Xiii ◽

Bleeding Events ◽

Serious Adverse Events ◽

Double Blind ◽

Randomised Study ◽

The Mean ◽

Blind Crossover Study ◽

Double Blind Crossover Study ◽

Fxiii Activity ◽

Observation Period

SummaryThe pharmacokinetics and tolerability of factor XIII (FXIII) from plasma were compared with those of FXIII from placenta in a randomised, double-blind, crossover study involving 13 patients with congenital FXIII deficiency. Both FXIII activity and FXIII antigen were monitored. No difference was seen in the mean half-lives of the two preparations (9.3 days and 9.1 days for plasma and placenta FXIII activity, respectively). Response was similar for both preparations, but was slightly greater for FXIII from plasma.Similar results were found for recovery (65% vs 60%). The area under the data completed by extrapolation was significantly higher for FXIII from plasma. No differences between preparations in terms of efficacy or tolerability were observed. It can be concluded that treatment with FXIII concentrate from plasma is as efficient as with FXIII concentrate from placenta in terms of recovery and half-life. Both preparations were equivalent in terms of safety during the observation period. With the administration of monthly injections of approximately 30 U/kg serious bleeding events were prevented and no other serious adverse events occurred.

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Inhibition of Spontaneous Platelet Aggregation by Sulfinpyrazone

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1666900 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 42 (02) ◽

pp. 621-625 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G G Nenci ◽

G Agnelli ◽

M Berrettini ◽

P Parise ◽

E Ballatori

Keyword(s):

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Crossover Study ◽

Double Blind ◽

Platelet Aggregability ◽

Initiation Of Therapy ◽

Spontaneous Platelet Aggregation ◽

Blind Crossover Study ◽

Double Blind Crossover Study

SummaryIn a randomized double-blind crossover study in 16 patients with enhanced in vitro spontaneous platelet aggregation, sulfinpyrazone proved to be effective in normalizing platelet aggregability within 4 days after initiation of therapy.

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