Proof of Concept for a Polyethylene Glycol/Gel Hybrid Testing Method

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander A Delk ◽  
Richard R Gammon
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Hybrid Method ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Hybrid Testing ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Antibody Reactivity ◽  
Plasma Antibody

Abstract Objective To test a hybrid polyethylene glycol (PEG)/gel method, specifically to attempt to increase reaction strength of accidentally overdiluted anti-Cob and broadly for proof of concept. Methods Methods were divided into 2 basic steps: sensitization and antiglobulin (AHG) testing. Sensitization was performed with PEG tubes, followed by AHG using the gel method. One wash was performed between the 2 steps. We tested 7 plasma antibody specimens. Results In addition to the first specimen, 6 additional antibodies were selected for detection by the PEG/gel hybrid method. Antibody reactivity was detected in all specimens tested with both methods. The PEG/gel method yielded enhanced reactivity in 3 of 7 antibodies (42.9%) and the equivalent of enhanced reactivity in 4 of 7 antibodies tested (57.1%). Conclusion The reactivity of diluted anti-Cob (specimen 1) was increased; thus, our concept proved to be viable. The hybrid PEG/gel method showed the equivalent of enhanced or enhanced reactivity with all specimens tested and provided a stable medium.

scholarly journals A Trust-based Defence Scheme for Mitigating Blackhole and Selective Forwarding Attacks in the RPL Routing Protocol

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-59
Author(s):  
David Airehrour ◽  
Jairo Guttierrez ◽  
Sayan Kumar Ray
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Lossy Networks ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
Selective Forwarding ◽  
Testbed Experiments

The routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks (RPL) has gained prominence as the standard IoT routing protocol. However, it faces like many other routing protocols diverse attacks. Many studies have been proposed to secure the RPL protocol, and simulation studies have been put forward as the main research method, while testbed experiments, though an authentic research and testing method, have been ignored. Although testbed experiments and simulation studies have their strengths and limitations, testbed techniques could be used as a verifiable validation method for simulation studies. This study is a follow up research work to validate our simulation study, which addressed Blackhole attacks in the RPL routing protocol. In addition, Selective Forwarding attacks are also addressed. It implements a testbed while embedding our Trust-based RPL protocol and the standard RPL protocol in a smart environment configuration. Based on the test experiments, we provide a proof-of-concept of the validity of our claim that our Trust-based RPL protocol provides a comprehensive defence (simulation and testbed) against Blackhole and Selective Forwarding attacks.

Effect of polyethylene glycol on porous transparent TiO2 films prepared by sol–gel method

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 2209-2220 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Calderon-Moreno ◽  
S. Preda ◽  
L. Predoana ◽  
M. Zaharescu ◽  
M. Anastasescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Tio2 Films ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method

Co-encapsulation of gemcitabine and tocotrienols in nanovesicles enhanced efficacy in pancreatic cancer

Nanomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-389
Author(s):  
Geetha Maniam ◽  
Chun-Wai Mai ◽  
Mohd Zulkefeli ◽  
Ju-Yen Fu
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Cells ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 1000 ◽  
Span 60 ◽  
Dual Drug

Aim: To synthesize niosomes co-encapsulating gemcitabine (GEM) and tocotrienols, and physicochemically characterize and evaluate the antipancreatic effects of the nanoformulation on Panc 10.05, SW 1990, AsPC-1 and BxPC-3 cells. Materials & methods: Niosomes-entrapping GEM and tocotrienols composed of Span 60, cholesterol and D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate were produced by Handjani-Vila and film hydration methods. Results: The film hydration produced vesicles measuring 161.9 ± 0.5 nm, approximately 50% smaller in size than Handjani-Vila method, with maximum entrapment efficiencies of 20.07 ± 0.22% for GEM and 34.52 ± 0.10% for tocotrienols. In Panc 10.05 cells, GEM’s antiproliferative effect was enhanced 2.78-fold in combination with tocotrienols. Niosomes produced a significant ninefold enhancement in cytotoxicity of the combination, supported by significantly higher cellular uptake of GEM in the cells. Conclusion: This study is a proof of concept on the synthesis of dual-drug niosomes and their efficacy on pancreatic cancer cells in vitro.

21201 Improvement of Driving Control in Hybrid Testing Method

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005.11 (0) ◽  
pp. 423-424
Author(s):  
Daisuke Takahashi ◽  
Takeshi TOI ◽  
Nobuyuki OKUBO
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Testing ◽  
Testing Method
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