Consultant Clinical Psychologist/Neuropsychologist and two Assistant Psychologists, combined experience 23 years, UK

2020 ◽  
pp. 244-245
Author(s):  
Markus Reuber ◽  
Gregg H. Rawlings ◽  
Steven C. Schachter
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Clinical Psychologist ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

This chapter examines how a Clinical Psychologist helps patients with Non-Epileptic Attacks (NEA). The care process for people with NEA takes a variety of forms. In hospitals, a variety of skilled colleagues are involved and the Clinical Psychologist is fortunate to be able to contribute in numerous ways, from service developments to abstract case discussions to individual patient care. The delivery of direct psychological care sometimes takes the form of psychological assessment, therapy, and ongoing psychological support, which—when based on a lifespan bio-psycho-social perspective—can work well but with numerous challenges and uncertainties. The patients the Clinical Psychologist sees have NEA in common, but the underlying mechanisms vary. Attention has long been given to the role of stressful events for some patients, while for others, issues of social-emotional processing, interpersonal communication, self-regulation, and executive functions have started to receive overdue recognition. In many cases, there is some combination of psychological, social, stress-based, coping-based, neuropsychological, and/or neurodevelopmental mechanisms. This can complicate the delivery of psychological therapy or support.

scholarly journals Mental Sleep Activity and Disturbing Dreams in the Lifespan

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Scarpelli ◽  
Chiara Bartolacci ◽  
Aurora D’Atri ◽  
Maurizio Gorgoni ◽  
Luigi De Gennaro
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Theta Oscillations ◽  
Brain Maturation ◽  
Episodic Memories ◽  
The One ◽  
With Memory

Sleep significantly changes across the lifespan, and several studies underline its crucial role in cognitive functioning. Similarly, mental activity during sleep tends to covary with age. This review aims to analyze the characteristics of dreaming and disturbing dreams at different age brackets. On the one hand, dreams may be considered an expression of brain maturation and cognitive development, showing relations with memory and visuo-spatial abilities. Some investigations reveal that specific electrophysiological patterns, such as frontal theta oscillations, underlie dreams during sleep, as well as episodic memories in the waking state, both in young and older adults. On the other hand, considering the role of dreaming in emotional processing and regulation, the available literature suggests that mental sleep activity could have a beneficial role when stressful events occur at different age ranges. We highlight that nightmares and bad dreams might represent an attempt to cope the adverse events, and the degrees of cognitive-brain maturation could impact on these mechanisms across the lifespan. Future investigations are necessary to clarify these relations. Clinical protocols could be designed to improve cognitive functioning and emotional regulation by modifying the dream contents or the ability to recall/non-recall them.

scholarly journals Hereditage and socially stress load in the pathogenesis of recurrent depressive disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Natalia Maruta ◽  
Svitlana Kolyadko ◽  
Viktoriya Fedchenko ◽  
Olena Cheredniakova
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Recurrent Depression ◽  
Stress Load

The paper presents the results of a comprehensive clinical-genealogical, clinical-anamnestic and psychodiagnostic examination of patients with recurrent depression. The features, structure and role of heredity factors and social stress factors in the formation of recurrent depression have been investigated. The presence of a significant family accumulation of depressive disorders in the pedigrees was revealed in patients with recurrent depressive disorders, predominantly in the mother’s line. It was found that an important provoking factor in the development of depressive disorders is the presence of factors of mental traumatization, mainly social and psychological. It has been proved that a significant role in the pathogenesis of depression belongs not to the number of stressful events, but to the level of their stressfulness. The results obtained show that the formation of depressive disorders is determined by the presence of a combined effect of clinical and genealogical, social and environmental and socio-psychological factors.

scholarly journals Procrastination as a Self-Regulation Failure: The Role of Impulsivity and Intrusive Thoughts

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie My Lien Rebetez ◽  
Lucien Rochat ◽  
Catherine Barsics ◽  
Martial Van der Linden
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Intrusive Thoughts ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Thought Control ◽  
Regulatory Failure ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Procrastination has been described as the quintessence of self-regulatory failure. This study examines the relationships between this self-regulatory failure and other manifestations of self-regulation problems, namely impulsivity and intrusive thoughts. One hundred and forty-one participants completed questionnaires assessing procrastination, impulsivity (in particular, the urgency and lack of perseverance dimensions), and intrusive thoughts (i.e., rumination and daydreaming). Main results show that urgency mediated the association between rumination and procrastination, whereas rumination did not mediate the relation between urgency and procrastination. Lack of perseverance mediated the association between daydreaming and procrastination, and daydreaming mediated the relation between lack of perseverance and procrastination. This study highlights the role of impulsivity and intrusive thoughts in procrastination, specifies the links between these self-regulation problems, and provides insights into their (potential) underlying mechanisms. It also opens interesting prospects for management strategies for implementing targeted psychological interventions to reduce impulsive manifestations and/or thought control difficulties accompanying procrastination.

Response Interference as a Mechanism Underlying Implicit Measures

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertram Gawronski ◽  
Roland Deutsch ◽  
Etienne P. LeBel ◽  
Kurt R. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Response Interference ◽  
Relevant Evidence ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Stimulus Features ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Over the last decade, implicit measures of mental associations (e.g., Implicit Association Test, sequential priming) have become increasingly popular in many areas of psychological research. Even though successful applications provide preliminary support for the validity of these measures, their underlying mechanisms are still controversial. The present article addresses the role of a particular mechanism that is hypothesized to mediate the influence of activated associations on task performance in many implicit measures: response interference (RI). Based on a review of relevant evidence, we argue that RI effects in implicit measures depend on participants’ attention to association-relevant stimulus features, which in turn can influence the reliability and the construct validity of these measures. Drawing on a moderated-mediation model (MMM) of task performance in RI paradigms, we provide several suggestions on how to address these problems in research using implicit measures.

The More You Say, the Less They Hear

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsbeth D. Asbeek Brusse ◽  
Marieke L. Fransen ◽  
Edith G. Smit
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Protection ◽  
Entertainment Education ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Attitude Measures ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract. This study examined the effects of disclosure messages in entertainment-education (E-E) on attitudes toward hearing protection and attitude toward the source. In addition, the (mediating) role of the underlying mechanisms (i.e., transportation, identification, and counterarguing) was studied. In an experiment (N = 336), three different disclosure messages were compared with a no-disclosure condition. The results show that more explicit disclosure messages negatively affect transportation and identification and stimulate the generation of counterarguments. In addition, the more explicit disclosure messages affect both attitude measures via two of these processes (i.e., transportation and counterarguing). Less explicit disclosure messages do not have this effect. Implications of the findings are discussed.

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