Nonpharmacologic Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 371-374
Author(s):  
Jarrod M. Leffler
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Psychoanalytic Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Nonpharmacologic Treatment ◽  
Psychological Experiences ◽  
Pharmacologic Therapies

Pharmacologic therapies often complement nonpharmacologic therapies in the treatment of psychiatric disease. An overview of the theory and practice of psychotherapy and interventions is provided in this chapter. Psychodynamic or psychoanalytic psychotherapy, developed by Sigmund Freud, has influenced many forms of psychotherapy. The underlying framework of psychoanalytic theory holds that a majority of a person’s psychological experiences are unconscious.

Supportive Psychoanalytic Couple Psychotherapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziva Levite ◽  
Idit Honigman ◽  
Hana Cohen ◽  
Liora Rehes ◽  
Gidi Shavit
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Psychoanalytic Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy

This paper aims to deepen understanding of the application of supportive psychoanalytic psychotherapy in work with couples and to anchor it in psychoanalytic theory and practice. It is based on the experience of collaboration between experienced couple therapists and supervisors, who face the frustration intrinsic to supportive psychoanalytic couple psychotherapy (SPCP). The article defines the principles of supportive psychoanalytic psychotherapy and discusses its application to couple psychotherapy, highlighting the therapist's role. A case example employing supportive couple psychotherapy is discussed for the purpose of clarifying and illustrating the essence of this therapeutic approach.

scholarly journals Genetic factors influencing a neurobiological substrate for psychiatric disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Till F. M. Andlauer ◽  
Thomas W. Mühleisen ◽  
Felix Hoffstaedter ◽  
Alexander Teumer ◽  
Katharina Wittfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Salience Network ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Common Substrate ◽  
The Common

AbstractA retrospective meta-analysis of magnetic resonance imaging voxel-based morphometry studies proposed that reduced gray matter volumes in the dorsal anterior cingulate and the left and right anterior insular cortex—areas that constitute hub nodes of the salience network—represent a common substrate for major psychiatric disorders. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that the common substrate serves as an intermediate phenotype to detect genetic risk variants relevant for psychiatric disease. To this end, after a data reduction step, we conducted genome-wide association studies of a combined common substrate measure in four population-based cohorts (n = 2271), followed by meta-analysis and replication in a fifth cohort (n = 865). After correction for covariates, the heritability of the common substrate was estimated at 0.50 (standard error 0.18). The top single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs17076061 was associated with the common substrate at genome-wide significance and replicated, explaining 1.2% of the common substrate variance. This SNP mapped to a locus on chromosome 5q35.2 harboring genes involved in neuronal development and regeneration. In follow-up analyses, rs17076061 was not robustly associated with psychiatric disease, and no overlap was found between the broader genetic architecture of the common substrate and genetic risk for major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia. In conclusion, our study identified that common genetic variation indeed influences the common substrate, but that these variants do not directly translate to increased disease risk. Future studies should investigate gene-by-environment interactions and employ functional imaging to understand how salience network structure translates to psychiatric disorder risk.

“O Canada!”: The Spectral Lesbian Poetics of Elizabeth Bishop

PMLA ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-257
Author(s):  
David R. Jarraway
Keyword(s):  
Psychoanalytic Theory ◽  
American Identity ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Elizabeth Bishop ◽  
Lesbian Identity ◽  
The Real ◽  
Mother Loss ◽  
Aesthetic Practice

A general reluctance to engage the issue of lesbian identity in Elizabeth Bishop's work has understandably been conditioned by her own longstanding reticence. An approach that theorizes about the nonreferential, hence inarticulable, contours of Bishop's project, however, discloses a more eroticized aesthetic practice—one conceivably enabling the vital exploration of transgressive sexuality that perhaps goes without saying. What arguably forges the link between theory and practice is Bishop's experience of loss. The unspeakableness of mother loss due to insanity, mediated poignantly by the curtailment of Bishop's Canadian childhood, formerly provided the invitation to enclose Bishop's writing explicitly within a lifelong travail of itinerant displacement. Recent psychoanalytic theory, by contrast, foregrounds a more challenging loss that divides her writing between reality and the real and thus implicitly opens it up to a spectral lesbian poetics beyond what her canonical “American” identity readily permits readers to see and to say.

A Hard Look at Stimulating and Predicting Development: The Cases of Bonding and Screening

1982 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
Robert B. McCall
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Disadvantaged Children ◽  
Psychosocial Dysfunction ◽  
Adult Personality ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Formative Years

An axiom of medicine is to diagnose and treat a disease in its formative stages before it becomes so advanced that treatment is difficult or impossible. The same theme runs through aspects of neonatology and developmental pediatrics—organ systems and processes are laid down early in development and supportive or deleterious factors operating during these early stages can permanently influence or alter the course of development. Belief in "formative Stages was applied to behavior by Sigmund Freud who emphasized the crucial contribution of early experiences to adult personality. A half century later, the same general principle was used to justify Head Start, an educational program that was supposed to equalize the social classes by providing an intellectual boost to disadvantaged children during their formative years. The principle of "formative years" pervaded theory and practice in developmental psychology for decades, but there were always dissonant findings. For example, five decades of research shows quite clearly that test scores obtained within the first year or two of life do not predict later intelligence for normal children.1 Weight and especially skinfold thickness assessed during infancy do not predict later weight or obesity, and early social disadvantage and stress do not necessarily lead to later psychosocial dysfunction. Indeed, today the emphasis in some quarters of developmental psychology is on change, modifiability, and unpredictability in development rather than on consistency.2

The Truths of Psychoanalysis

2022 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Psychoanalytic Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Alternative Facts ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Critical Reflections ◽  
Ethics And Politics

Truth has always been a central philosophical category, occupying different fields of knowledge and practice. In the current moment of fake news and alternative facts, it is mandatory to revisit the various meanings of truth. Departing from various approaches to psychoanalytic theory and practice, the authors gathered in this book offer critical reflections and insights about truth and its effects. In articulations of psychoanalysis with (for instance) philosophy, ethics and politics, the reader will find discussions about issues such as knowledge, love, and clinical practice, all marked by the matter of truth.

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