Shoulder and Elbow

This chapter contains practice questions based on a broad range of orthopaedic topics that may be encountered within the ‘Adult Pathology’ station of the FRCS (Trauma and Orthopaedics) viva examination. The topics covered include: shoulder instability, tennis elbow, osteoarthritis, and the frozen shoulder among other pathologies.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Yohei Harada ◽  
Yusuke Iwahori ◽  
Yukihiro Kajita ◽  
Yutaka Saito ◽  
Ryosuke Takahashi ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
Surajit Kumar Sahu ◽  
Minakshi Behera ◽  
C. R. Mohanty

Background: The main problem with shoulder subluxation is the instability of the shoulder joint. The anatomy of this joint permits a large range of movement, but it sacrifices stability. Available splint options for shoulder subluxations are a lot but they are not providing the full range of motion of the joint. Considering this we have designed and developed a new Dynamic Multiaxial Adjustable Shoulder Splint. Objective: This study aimed to design an Indigenous Dynamic Multiaxial Adjustable Shoulder Splint for the Management of shoulder subluxation which will reduce the subluxation and pain. Study design: A case report Methods: A 52-years-old lady diagnosed with right shoulder subluxation was fitted with the newly designed Indigenous Dynamic Multiaxial Adjustable Shoulder Splint for the reduction of pain and subluxation. The Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) was assessed to measure the shoulder-related quality of life in patients with symptomatic shoulder instability. Before and after the test was conducted with and without the newly designed splint with an intervention period of 4 months. Results: The WOSI score of 9.8% was achieved after the intervention period of 4 months and the reduction of subluxation was immediate and provided total relief from the pain. Conclusion: This Indigenous Dynamic Multiaxial Adjustable Shoulder Splint can be considered as a very excellent splint for the orthotic management of shoulder subluxation and it also can be used as a standard design that can be prescribed for patients with brachial plexus injury, frozen shoulder and rotator cuff injury, post-operative cases, etc. Key words: Shoulder Subluxation, Multiaxial, shoulder splint, WOSI score.


JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Ilfeld
Keyword(s):  

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
MICHELE G. SULLIVAN
Keyword(s):  

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gardner
Keyword(s):  

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 210-212
Author(s):  
R. Schiel

Zusammenfassung„Frozen Shoulder” wird ausgelöst durch Degenerationen des Sehnen- und Bandapparates oder Kapselschrumpfung des Schultergelenks. Es resultiert eingeschränkte Beweglichkeit mit intraartikulären Kontrakturen und Kontrakturen der Muskel-Sehnen-Einheiten oder extraartikulären Adhäsionen. Gelegentlich ist der Verlauf assoziiert mit entzünd-lichen Veränderungen, Schmerzen und einem Schulter-Hand-Syndrom. Bei Patienten mit Langzeit-Diabetes treten „Frozen Shoulder” oder Schulter-Hand-Syndrom gehäuft und früher auf. Ursache sind Alterationen der kollagenen Bindegewebsstrukturen. Bei akuter Schmerzsymptomatik werden antiinflammatorische Medikamente, z.T. auch in-traartikuläre Applikationen von Kortikosteroiden, empfohlen. Es soll Schmerzlinderung erfolgen, Bewegungsfähigkeit hergestellt und Physiotherapie angewendet werden. Weiterhin werden intraartikuläre Glukokortikoidinjektionen, Gelenkkapseldistensionen und bei refraktären Be-schwerden Injektionen in subakromiale Schleimbeutel an-gewandt. Eine relativ neue Therapieoption, zu der erste Da-ten publiziert wurden, stellt die Gabe von Triamcinolonace-tat dar.


Author(s):  
Chul Ki Goorens ◽  
Pascal Wernaers ◽  
Joost Dewaele

AbstractLateral epicondylitis (LE) of the elbow is often treated with conservative methods. Several techniques including injections with different substances are widely performed. No standardization exists. This prospective study describes the results of the short-term follow-up of 56 patients with mean age 48 years (range: 30–68 years) treated with the Instant Tennis Elbow Cure Medical device, which fenestrates the injured tendon in a standardized way through a holder of 12 small needles. Depth and position of the needles are determined beforehand by ultrasonography. Unprepared autologous blood was injected through the holder in the tendon. Visual analog pain scale (VAS) decreased significantly in rest by 61% and during activity by 47% after 6 weeks. VAS decreased significantly in rest by 79% and during activity by 66% after 3 months. VAS did not remain significantly different after 6 months. Satisfaction rates were 71% after 6 weeks and 82% after 6 months. This suggests that the therapeutical effect sustains and in some cases increases over time. Patient Related Tennis Elbow Evaluation score ameliorated after 3 months by 71%. Comparative studies are needed to confirm this effect versus other techniques as physiotherapy, shockwave therapy, and injections with other substances.


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