Kidney stem cells

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oren Pleniceanu ◽  
Benjamin Dekel
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Human Stem Cells ◽  
Haematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Stem Cells ◽  
Nephron Progenitors ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Kidney Stem Cells ◽  
Potential Use

End-stage renal failure is a major cause of death with currently only dialysis and transplantation available as therapeutic options, each with its own limitations and drawbacks. To allow regenerative medicine-based kidney replacement therapies and due to the fact that neither haematopoietic stem cells nor mesenchymal stem cells, the most accessible human stem cells, can be used to derive genuine nephron progenitors, much attention has been given to finding adult renal stem cells. Several candidates for this have been described, but their true identity as stem or progenitor cells and their potential use in therapy has not yet been shown. However, the analysis of embryonic renal stem cells, specifically stem/progenitor cells that are induced into the nephrogenic pathway to form nephrons until the 34th week of gestation, has been much more conclusive.

scholarly journals Stem Cells for Periodontal Regeneration

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pejcic ◽  
D. Kojovic ◽  
D. Mirkovic ◽  
I. Minic
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Human Stem Cells ◽  
Barrier Membranes ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Grafting Materials ◽  
Potential Use

Abstract Periodontal regeneration is considered to be biologically possible but clinically unpredictable. In periodontitis, inflammation manifests clinically as loss of supporting periodontal tissues and regeneration of damaged tissue is the main goal of treatment. For decades, periodontists have sought to repair the damage through a variety of surgical procedures, and use of grafting materials and growth factors, and of barrier membranes. Reports have emerged that demonstrate which populations of adult stem cells reside in the periodontal ligaments of humans and other animals. This opens the way for new cell-based therapies for perio-dontal regeneration. This review provides an overview of adult human stem cells and their potential use in perio-dontal regeneration.

scholarly journals Functional characterization of late outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells in patients with end‐stage renal failure

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Eleanor M. Bolton ◽  
Lucy Randle ◽  
John Andrew Bradley ◽  
Andrew M. L. Lever
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor Cells ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
End Stage

scholarly journals Constructing an Isogenic 3D Human Nephrogenic Progenitor Cell Model Composed of Endothelial, Mesenchymal, and SIX2-Positive Renal Progenitor Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Lisa Nguyen ◽  
Lucas-Sebastian Spitzhorn ◽  
James Adjaye
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Renal Progenitor Cells ◽  
Renal Stem Cells ◽  
Renal Progenitor

Urine has become the source of choice for noninvasive renal epithelial cells and renal stem cells which can be used for generating induced pluripotent stem cells. The aim of this study was to generate a 3D nephrogenic progenitor cell model composed of three distinct cell types—urine-derived SIX2-positive renal progenitor cells, iPSC-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and iPSC-derived endothelial cells originating from the same individual. Characterization of the generated mesenchymal stem cells revealed plastic adherent growth and a trilineage differentiation potential to adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts. Furthermore, these cells express the typical MSC markers CD73, CD90, and CD105. The induced endothelial cells express the endothelial cell surface marker CD31. Upon combination of urine-derived renal progenitor cells, induced mesenchymal stem cells, and induced endothelial cells at a set ratio, the cells self-condensed into three-dimensional nephrogenic progenitor cells which we refer to as 3D-NPCs. Immunofluorescence-based stainings of sectioned 3D-NPCs revealed cells expressing the renal progenitor cell markers (SIX2 and PAX8), podocyte markers (Nephrin and Podocin), the endothelial marker (CD31), and mesenchymal markers (Vimentin and PDGFR-β). These 3D-NPCs share kidney progenitor characteristics and thus the potential to differentiate into podocytes and proximal and distal tubules. As urine-derived renal progenitor cells can be easily obtained from cells shed into urine, the generation of 3D-NPCs directly from renal progenitor cells instead of pluripotent stem cells or kidney biopsies holds a great potential for the use in nephrotoxicity tests, drug screening, modelling nephrogenesis and diseases.

scholarly journals Gata2a maintains cebpa and npm1a in haematopoietic stem cells to sustain lineage differentiation and genome stability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Mahony ◽  
Boris Noyvert ◽  
Pavle Vrljicak ◽  
Sascha Ott ◽  
Martin Higgs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Genome Stability ◽  
Transcriptional Profiling ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Haematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Lineage Differentiation ◽  
Gata2 Deficiency

The transcription factor Gata2 is required to produce and maintain haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in development and adult haematopoiesis. Mutations in GATA2 lead to GATA2 deficiency syndrome and predispose patients to acquire leukaemia. Here we use zebrafish gata2a enhancer deletion mutants and single cell transcriptomics to understand how GATA2 mediates survival and differentiation of haematopoietic stem cells in GATA2 deficiency. gata2a mutants show marrow failure from 6 months post-fertilization (mpf), accompanied by neutropenia and erythrocytosis. Single cell transcriptional profiling of the adult kidney marrow demonstrated that HSPCs express elevated expression of erythroid- and decreased expression of myeloid genes, including cebpa. This is associated with a lineage skewing towards the erythroid fate at the expense of the myeloid fate. Thus, Gata2a is required to initiate and maintain lineage priming in HSPCs, favouring myeloid differentiation. Gata2a regulates expression of multiple targets associated with replication and DNA damage repair, including npm1a, a zebrafish NPM1 orthologue. Accordingly, mutant marrow cells show increased DNA damage associated with progressive loss of npm1a expression with age. This effect was replicated by inhibiting NPM1 activity in murine HPC7 progenitor cells. We propose that the impaired DDR leads to marrow failure in GATA2 deficiency. This leads to increased genomic instability in the surviving HSPCs, favouring acquisition of secondary leukaemogenic mutations.

Haematopoiesis and haematopoietic organs in fish

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Kondera
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Haematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Haematopoietic Cell ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Blood Elements ◽  
Basic Organ

Haematopoiesis is a complex process in which haematopoietic stem cells, the most immature elements of the haematopoietic hierarchy, proliferate and differentiate into various classes of haematopoietic progenitor cells. These progenitor cells have been shown to be able to differentiate into mature blood cells: erythrocytes, lymphocytes, thrombocytes, granulocytes, and monocytes. The pronephros, or head kidney, is a basic organ forming the blood elements, and is also a reservoir of blood cells. Basic haematopoietic structures and mechanisms in fish are similar to those functioning in other vertebrates, and all haematopoietic cell types are very similar to those of mammals.

scholarly journals Preliminary Findings of α-Actinin-3 Gene Distribution in Elite Turkish Wind Surfers

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Ulucan ◽  
S Göle ◽  
N Altindas ◽  
A.I. Güney
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Periodontal Regeneration ◽  
Human Stem Cells ◽  
Barrier Membranes ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Grafting Materials ◽  
Potential Use

Abstract Periodontal regeneration is considered to be biologically possible but clinically unpredictable. In periodontitis, inflammation manifests clinically as loss of supporting periodontal tissues and regeneration of damaged tissue is the main goal of treatment. For decades, periodontists have sought to repair the damage through a variety of surgical procedures, and use of grafting materials and growth factors, and of barrier membranes. Reports have emerged that demonstrate which populations of adult stem cells reside in the periodontal ligaments of humans and other animals. This opens the way for new cell-based therapies for perio-dontal regeneration. This review provides an overview of adult human stem cells and their potential use in perio-dontal regeneration.

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