Chronic heart failure
Keyword(s):
The diagnosis and management of chronic heart failure are discussed. Medical therapy and indications for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD), left ventricular assist devices (LVAD), and transplantation are presented. Recommendations by the ACC/AHA and ESC on the management of patients with heart failure have been summarized and tabulated.
2010 ◽
Vol 105
(3)
◽
pp. 378-382
◽
2013 ◽
Vol 62
(23)
◽
pp. 2257
2016 ◽
Vol 67
(13)
◽
pp. 1366