Focal epilepsy

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Wehner ◽  
Kanjana Unnwongse ◽  
Beate Diehl
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Source Localization ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Ictal Eeg ◽  
Interictal Eeg ◽  
Case Discussions ◽  
Eeg Source Localization ◽  
Frontal Epilepsy

This chapter examines the neurophysiology of focal epilepsy. It discusses the principles of EEG source localization. This is followed by a presentation of nonspecific and epileptiform interictal EEG findings and ictal EEG patterns seen in focal epilepsy, along with normal EEG variants that may be mistaken for epileptiform features. Seizure semiologies and ictal and interictal EEG findings in mesial and neocortical temporal lobe epilepsy, orbitofrontal, dorsolateral, and mesial frontal epilepsy, insular epilepsy, and parietal and occipital epilepsy are presented with illustrative case discussions derived from patients investigated for resective epilepsy surgery. A brief discussion of prognosis and treatment strategies for focal epilepsy follows.

scholarly journals Ictal EEG source localization in focal epilepsy: Review and future perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 131 (11) ◽  
pp. 2600-2616
Author(s):  
Pieter van Mierlo ◽  
Bernd J. Vorderwülbecke ◽  
Willeke Staljanssens ◽  
Margitta Seeck ◽  
Serge Vulliémoz
Keyword(s):  
Source Localization ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Ictal Eeg ◽  
Eeg Source Localization

S11. EEG source localization of interictal discharges and outcome for LITT for temporal lobe epilepsy

2018 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. e146
Author(s):  
Jason B. Richards ◽  
Lina Barker ◽  
Aatif M. Husain ◽  
Matthew Luedke ◽  
Saurabh R. Sinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Source Localization ◽  
Eeg Source Localization ◽  
Interictal Discharges

Dipole Versus Distributed EEG Source Localization for Single Versus Averaged Spikes in Focal Epilepsy

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Plummer ◽  
M. Wagner ◽  
M. Fuchs ◽  
A. S. Harvey ◽  
M. J. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Source Localization ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Eeg Source Localization ◽  
Single Versus

Source Localization of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Using PCA—LORETA Analysis on Ictal EEG Recordings

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaki Stern ◽  
Miriam Y. Neufeld ◽  
Svetlana Kipervasser ◽  
Amir Zilberstein ◽  
Itzhak Fried ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Source Localization ◽  
Ictal Eeg ◽  
Eeg Recordings

scholarly journals Food intake precipitates seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalma Tényi ◽  
József Janszky ◽  
Sára Jeges ◽  
Andreas Schulze-Bonhage
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Spontaneous Seizures ◽  
Ictal Eeg ◽  
First Time

AbstractVarious factors have been considered as potential seizure precipitants. We here assessed the temporal association of food intake and seizure occurrence, and characteristics of seizures and epilepsy syndromes involved. 596 seizures from 100 consecutive patients undergoing long-term video-EEG monitoring were analyzed. Preictal periods of 60 min were assessed as to the occurrence of food intake, and latencies between food intake and seizure onset were analyzed. Seizures of temporal origin were highly significantly more frequently preceded by food intake compared to those of extratemporal origin; and were associated with shorter food intake-seizure latency. Seizure precipitation by food intake showed male predominance. Shorter food intake-seizure latency was associated with less severe seizures and less frequent contralateral spread of epileptic discharges. We here show for the first time that not only in specific rare reflex epilepsies but in the most frequent form of focal epilepsy, temporal lobe epilepsy, seizures are significantly precipitated by food intake. Seizure occurrence was increased over a period of up to one hour following food intake, and remained more localized in terms of both ictal EEG spread and as reflected by seizure severity. This finding supports the emerging concepts of ictogenesis, implying a continuum between reflex and spontaneous seizures—instead a dichotomy between them.

scholarly journals EEG source localization in focal epilepsy: Where are we now?

Epilepsia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Plummer ◽  
A. Simon Harvey ◽  
Mark Cook
Keyword(s):  
Source Localization ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Eeg Source Localization

scholarly journals Synaptic Reshaping and Neuronal Outcomes in the Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 3860
Author(s):  
Elisa Ren ◽  
Giulia Curia
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Epileptogenic Zone ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is one of the most common types of focal epilepsy, characterized by recurrent spontaneous seizures originating in the temporal lobe(s), with mesial TLE (mTLE) as the worst form of TLE, often associated with hippocampal sclerosis. Abnormal epileptiform discharges are the result, among others, of altered cell-to-cell communication in both chemical and electrical transmissions. Current knowledge about the neurobiology of TLE in human patients emerges from pathological studies of biopsy specimens isolated from the epileptogenic zone or, in a few more recent investigations, from living subjects using positron emission tomography (PET). To overcome limitations related to the use of human tissue, animal models are of great help as they allow the selection of homogeneous samples still presenting a more various scenario of the epileptic syndrome, the presence of a comparable control group, and the availability of a greater amount of tissue for in vitro/ex vivo investigations. This review provides an overview of the structural and functional alterations of synaptic connections in the brain of TLE/mTLE patients and animal models.

scholarly journals Electroencephalographic Features of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Jan ◽  
Mark Sadler ◽  
Susan R. Rahey
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Seizure Onset ◽  
Resective Surgery ◽  
Accurate Localization ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Ictal Eeg ◽  
Temporal Lobe Seizures ◽  
Eeg Recordings

Electroencephalography (EEG) is an important tool for diagnosing, lateralizing and localizing temporal lobe seizures. In this paper, we review the EEG characteristics of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Several “non-standard” electrodes may be needed to further evaluate the EEG localization, Ictal EEG recording is a major component of preoperative protocols for surgical consideration. Various ictal rhythms have been described including background attenuation, start-stop-start phenomenon, irregular 2-5 Hz lateralized activity, and 5-10 Hz sinusoidal waves or repetitive epileptiform discharges. The postictal EEG can also provide valuable lateralizing information. Postictal delta can be lateralized in 60% of patients with TLE and is concordant with the side of seizure onset in most patients. When patients are being considered for resective surgery, invasive EEG recordings may be needed. Accurate localization of the seizure onset in these patients is required for successful surgical management.

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