scholarly journals Food intake precipitates seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalma Tényi ◽  
József Janszky ◽  
Sára Jeges ◽  
Andreas Schulze-Bonhage
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Spontaneous Seizures ◽  
Ictal Eeg ◽  
First Time

AbstractVarious factors have been considered as potential seizure precipitants. We here assessed the temporal association of food intake and seizure occurrence, and characteristics of seizures and epilepsy syndromes involved. 596 seizures from 100 consecutive patients undergoing long-term video-EEG monitoring were analyzed. Preictal periods of 60 min were assessed as to the occurrence of food intake, and latencies between food intake and seizure onset were analyzed. Seizures of temporal origin were highly significantly more frequently preceded by food intake compared to those of extratemporal origin; and were associated with shorter food intake-seizure latency. Seizure precipitation by food intake showed male predominance. Shorter food intake-seizure latency was associated with less severe seizures and less frequent contralateral spread of epileptic discharges. We here show for the first time that not only in specific rare reflex epilepsies but in the most frequent form of focal epilepsy, temporal lobe epilepsy, seizures are significantly precipitated by food intake. Seizure occurrence was increased over a period of up to one hour following food intake, and remained more localized in terms of both ictal EEG spread and as reflected by seizure severity. This finding supports the emerging concepts of ictogenesis, implying a continuum between reflex and spontaneous seizures—instead a dichotomy between them.

scholarly journals Levetiracetam Reduced the Basal Excitability of the Dentate Gyrus without Restoring Impaired Synaptic Plasticity in Rats with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 634
Author(s):  
Guillermo González-H ◽  
Itzel Jatziri Contreras-García ◽  
Karla Sánchez-Huerta ◽  
Claudio M. T. Queiroz ◽  
Luis Ricardo Gallardo Gudiño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential ◽  
Output Curve

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), the most common type of focal epilepsy, affects learning and memory; these effects are thought to emerge from changes in synaptic plasticity. Levetiracetam (LEV) is a widely used antiepileptic drug that is also associated with the reversal of cognitive dysfunction. The long-lasting effect of LEV treatment and its participation in synaptic plasticity have not been explored in early chronic epilepsy. Therefore, through the measurement of evoked field potentials, this study aimed to comprehensively identify the alterations in the excitability and the short-term (depression/facilitation) and long-term synaptic plasticity (long-term potentiation, LTP) of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in a lithium–pilocarpine rat model of TLE, as well as their possible restoration by LEV (1 week; 300 mg/kg/day). TLE increased the population spike (PS) amplitude (input/output curve); interestingly, LEV treatment partially reduced this hyperexcitability. Furthermore, TLE augmented synaptic depression, suppressed paired-pulse facilitation, and reduced PS-LTP; however, LEV did not alleviate such alterations. Conversely, the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)-LTP of TLE rats was comparable to that of control rats and was decreased by LEV. LEV caused a long-lasting attenuation of basal hyperexcitability but did not restore impaired synaptic plasticity in the early chronic phase of TLE.

scholarly journals Long term chemogenetic suppression of spontaneous seizures in a mouse model for temporal lobe epilepsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Desloovere ◽  
Paul Boon ◽  
Lars Larsen ◽  
Caroline Merckx ◽  
Marie-Gabrielle Goossens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Spontaneous Seizures

scholarly journals Temporal Lobe Epilepsy in Children

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine C. Nickels ◽  
Lily C. Wong-Kisiel ◽  
Brian D. Moseley ◽  
Elaine C. Wirrell
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Temporal Area ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Intractable Seizures ◽  
Ictal Eeg ◽  
Eeg Pattern

The temporal lobe is a common focus for epilepsy. Temporal lobe epilepsy in infants and children differs from the relatively homogeneous syndrome seen in adults in several important clinical and pathological ways. Seizure semiology varies by age, and the ictal EEG pattern may be less clear cut than what is seen in adults. Additionally, the occurrence of intractable seizures in the developing brain may impact neurocognitive function remote from the temporal area. While many children will respond favorably to medical therapy, those with focal imaging abnormalities including cortical dysplasia, hippocampal sclerosis, or low-grade tumors are likely to be intractable. Expedient workup and surgical intervention in these medically intractable cases are needed to maximize long-term developmental outcome.

scholarly journals Long‐term chemogenetic suppression of spontaneous seizures in a mouse model for temporal lobe epilepsy

Epilepsia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 2314-2324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Desloovere ◽  
Paul Boon ◽  
Lars E. Larsen ◽  
Caroline Merckx ◽  
Marie‐Gabrielle Goossens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Spontaneous Seizures

Routine EEG and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Relation to Long-Term EEG Monitoring, Quantitative MRI, and Operative Outcome

Epilepsia ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 651-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory D. Cascino ◽  
Max R. Trenerry ◽  
Elson L. So ◽  
Frank W. Sharbrough ◽  
Cheolsu Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Quantitative Mri ◽  
Eeg Monitoring ◽  
Operative Outcome

scholarly journals Synaptic Reshaping and Neuronal Outcomes in the Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 3860
Author(s):  
Elisa Ren ◽  
Giulia Curia
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Epileptogenic Zone ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is one of the most common types of focal epilepsy, characterized by recurrent spontaneous seizures originating in the temporal lobe(s), with mesial TLE (mTLE) as the worst form of TLE, often associated with hippocampal sclerosis. Abnormal epileptiform discharges are the result, among others, of altered cell-to-cell communication in both chemical and electrical transmissions. Current knowledge about the neurobiology of TLE in human patients emerges from pathological studies of biopsy specimens isolated from the epileptogenic zone or, in a few more recent investigations, from living subjects using positron emission tomography (PET). To overcome limitations related to the use of human tissue, animal models are of great help as they allow the selection of homogeneous samples still presenting a more various scenario of the epileptic syndrome, the presence of a comparable control group, and the availability of a greater amount of tissue for in vitro/ex vivo investigations. This review provides an overview of the structural and functional alterations of synaptic connections in the brain of TLE/mTLE patients and animal models.

scholarly journals Long-term surgical outcomes of temporal lobe epilepsy associated with low-grade brain tumors

Cancer ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 115 (24) ◽  
pp. 5771-5779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Hoon Phi ◽  
Seung-Ki Kim ◽  
Byung-Kyu Cho ◽  
Seo Young Lee ◽  
Su Yeon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
Low Grade

scholarly journals Electroencephalographic Features of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Jan ◽  
Mark Sadler ◽  
Susan R. Rahey
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Seizure Onset ◽  
Resective Surgery ◽  
Accurate Localization ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges ◽  
Ictal Eeg ◽  
Temporal Lobe Seizures ◽  
Eeg Recordings

Electroencephalography (EEG) is an important tool for diagnosing, lateralizing and localizing temporal lobe seizures. In this paper, we review the EEG characteristics of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Several “non-standard” electrodes may be needed to further evaluate the EEG localization, Ictal EEG recording is a major component of preoperative protocols for surgical consideration. Various ictal rhythms have been described including background attenuation, start-stop-start phenomenon, irregular 2-5 Hz lateralized activity, and 5-10 Hz sinusoidal waves or repetitive epileptiform discharges. The postictal EEG can also provide valuable lateralizing information. Postictal delta can be lateralized in 60% of patients with TLE and is concordant with the side of seizure onset in most patients. When patients are being considered for resective surgery, invasive EEG recordings may be needed. Accurate localization of the seizure onset in these patients is required for successful surgical management.

Accuracy and Efficacy for Robotic Assistance in Implanting Responsive Neurostimulation Device Electrodes in Bilateral Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvin Y Chan ◽  
Lilit Mnatsakanyan ◽  
Mona Sazgar ◽  
Indranil Sen-Gupta ◽  
Jack J Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Robotic Assistance ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Robotic Devices ◽  
New Treatment

Abstract BACKGROUND Responsive neurostimulation (RNS) is a relatively new treatment option that has been shown to be effective for patients with medically refractory focal epilepsy when resection is not possible, especially in bilateral mesial temporal onset. Robotic devices are becoming increasingly popular for use in stereotactic procedures such as stereoelectroencephalography, but have yet to be used when implanting RNS devices. OBJECTIVE To show that these 2 forms of advanced technology were compatible and could be used effectively in patient care. METHODS We implanted RNS devices in 3 patients with bilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Each patient was placed in the prone position, and electrode trajectories were planned via the robotic navigation system via a transoccipital approach. One lead was placed along each amygdalohippocampal complex. A small craniectomy was then created in the parietal region for RNS generator implantation. Actual and expected target locations and distance were calculated for each depth. There were no complications in this group. RESULTS RNS devices with bilateral leads were successfully implanted in all 3 patients, with bilateral mesial temporal lobe onset. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 6 mo, and there were no complications in this group. The median distance between the estimate and actual targets was 2.18 (range = 1.11-3.27) mm. CONCLUSION We show that implanting RNS devices with robotic assistance is feasible with excellent precision and accuracy. The advantages of using robotic assistance include higher flexibility, accuracy, precision, and consistency.

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