Somatic symptom and related disorders

2015 ◽  
pp. 226-232
Author(s):  
Martin Brüne
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Symptom ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Somatic Complaints ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Factitious Disorder ◽  
Somatic Symptom Disorder ◽  
Illness Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Somatic Illness ◽  
Illness Anxiety ◽  
Somatic Symptom Disorders

Somatic symptom disorders are characterized by the presentation of somatic complaints (somatization), often, but not necessarily, in the absence of a medical explanation of these sensations. The level of concern is generally disproportionate in relation to the severity of the somatic illness. Behaviourally, somatic symptom disorder entails signals that call for help and attention from others. Evolutionary considerations of why people present with somatic symptoms in the absence of a medical cause suggest that this behaviour could reflect a strategy to manipulate others in order to evoke care. Signals that aim at eliciting care from others are more persuasive if the ‘real’ intention is hidden from conscious awareness. Thus, self-deception may be involved in the presentation of somatic symptoms. Within the spectrum of somatic symptom and related disorders, the degree of self-deception may vary from high, as in illness anxiety disorder, to relatively low, as in factitious disorder.

Historische Entwicklung, Diagnostik und Klassifikation der Somatoformen Störungen – Vergleich von ICD-10, DSM-IV-TR und DSM-5

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
M. Zaudig
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Somatic Symptom ◽  
Somatic Symptom Disorder ◽  
Historische Entwicklung ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Illness Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Illness Anxiety

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Artikel beschreibt die aktuellen diagnostischen Entwicklungen im Bereich der Somatoformen Störung unter Zugrundelegung der aktuellen S3-Leitlinien für „Nichtspezifische funktionelle und somatoforme Körperbeschwerden“ und der historischen Entwicklung der Somatoformen Störungen (einschließlich der Hypochondrie). Neben einem Vergleich von ICD-10 mit DSM-IV-TR und DSM-5 werden die neuen Kriterien für Somatic Symptom Disorder und Illness Anxiety Disorder (vormals Hypochondrie) nach DSM-5 vorgestellt und diskutiert.

Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelli Jane K. Harding ◽  
Brian A. Fallon
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Symptom ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
Primary Care Patient ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Conversion Disorder ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Care Patient ◽  
Factitious Disorder ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Somatic Symptom Disorders

This chapter discusses the somatic symptom disorders, which are a heterogeneous group unified by physical symptoms or concerns that are associated with prominent distress or impairment. Somatic symptom disorders are estimated to account for 1 in 10 primary care patient visits. The relative prominence of somatic symptoms is essential to the difference between illness anxiety disorder, which is an example of the obsessional/cognitive subtype (not prominent) and somatic symptom disorder,, in which the somatic symptoms are prominent. Patients with body dysmorphic disorder, also an Obsessional/Cognitive subtype, are preoccupied with a perceived defect in physical appearance. Patients with conversion disorder (functional neurological symptom disorder) (dissociative sub-type) present with neurological symptoms that cannot be fully explained physiologically. Patients with factitious disorder consciously simulate illness for psychological purposes rather than practical gain.

scholarly journals Exposure-based cognitive–behavioural therapy via the internet and as bibliotherapy for somatic symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder: randomised controlled trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 209 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Hedman ◽  
Erland Axelsson ◽  
Erik Andersson ◽  
Mats Lekander ◽  
Brjánn Ljótsson
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Symptom ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Somatic Symptom Disorder ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Internet Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Illness Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Illness Anxiety ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BackgroundIn DSM-5 two new diagnoses, somatic symptom disorder (SSD) and illness anxiety disorder (IAD), have replaced DSM-IV hypochondriasis. There are no previous treatment studies for these disorders. Cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) delivered as therapist-guided or unguided internet treatment or as unguided bibliotherapy could be used to increase treatment accessibility.AimsTo investigate the effect of CBT delivered as guided internet treatment (ICBT), unguided internet treatment (U-ICBT) and as unguided bibliotherapy.MethodA randomised controlled trial (RCT) where participants (n= 132) with a diagnosis of SSD or IAD were randomised to ICBT, U-ICBT, bibliotherapy or to a control condition on a waiting list (trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT01966705).ResultsCompared with the control condition, all three treatment groups made large and significant improvements on the primary outcome Health Anxiety Inventory (between-groupdat post-treatment was 0.80–1.27).ConclusionsICBT, U-ICBT and bibliotherapy can be highly effective in the treatment of SSD and IAD. This is the first study showing that these new DSM-5 disorders can be effectively treated.

Somatic Symptom Disorders: a new approach in DSM-5

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 30-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Dimsdale
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Symptom ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Special Aspect ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Illness Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Illness Anxiety ◽  
Somatic Symptom Disorders

SummaryFollowing a brief historic discourse, problems with the current use and concepts the of somatoform disorders are described. The rationale for substituting the term „somatoform“ with „somatic symptom“ in DSM5 is explained and the new classification criteria for the group of “somatic symptom related disorders” are described, which include severity ratings. A special aspect is that “Illness anxiety disorder” is introduced as a new diagnostic entity in DSM-5.

Psychological Interventions for Health Anxiety and Somatic Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 228 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Maass ◽  
Franziska Kühne ◽  
Jana Maas ◽  
Maria Unverdross ◽  
Florian Weck
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Symptom ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Illness Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Illness Anxiety

Abstract. This study examined the effectiveness of psychological interventions for severe health anxiety (SHA) regarding somatic symptoms (SS) and health anxiety (HA). The databases Web of Science, EBSCO, and CENTRAL were searched on May 15, 2019, May 16, 2019, and August 5, 2019, respectively. Eighteen randomized controlled trials ( N = 2,050) met the inclusion criteria (i.e., hypochondriasis, illness anxiety disorder or somatic symptom disorder with elevated HA being assessed with validated interviews; use of standardized outcome measures). Two reviewers independently evaluated the studies’ risk of bias using the Revised Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool for randomized trials (RoB-2) tool. Overall, psychological interventions were significantly more effective than waitlist, treatment-as-usual, or placebo post-treatment ( gSS = 0.70, gHA = 1.11) and at follow-up ( gSS = 0.33, gHA = 0.70). CBT outperformed other psychological interventions or pharmacotherapy for HA post-treatment (Hedge’s  gHA = 0.81). The number of sessions did not significantly predict the effect sizes. In sum, psychological interventions were effective for SHA, but the generalizability of the results for SS is limited, because only two high-quality trials contributed to the comparisons.

Pregnancy-specific health anxiety: symptom or diagnosis?

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 288-293
Author(s):  
Amy Leigh Rathbone ◽  
Julie Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Symptom ◽  
Somatic Symptom ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Somatic Symptom Disorder ◽  
Human Response ◽  
Illness Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
Illness Anxiety ◽  
Specific Health

Anxiety is an innate human response to situations that cause fear, worry or concern. One such type is health anxiety. Health anxiety is a term derived from hypochondriasis and divided into two disorders: illness anxiety disorder and somatic symptom disorder. Symptoms can range from mild-to-moderate expressions of worry to clinical diagnoses. Previous research has shown pregnancy-specific anxiety to be an autonomous anxiety disorder. When a woman conceives, immediate somatic changes are experienced, and although all pregnancies are different, these changes could cause either illness anxiety disorder or somatic symptom disorder. This review explores the possibility of pregnancy-specific health anxiety in greater detail.

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