ROLE OF PANCHAKARMA IN ANIDRA (INSOMINIA) – A REVIEW

Ayurveda has regarded sleep as one of the most signicant health related aspects of happiness and st good health. The 21 century man respires under various pressures, pressure, anxiety and abnormal and unhealthy food habits so insomnia is a very common sleep disorder stressful life event that is closely associated with the onset of insomnia and is inuenced by some predisposing personality factors. I.e., Tridoshas Vata, Pitta, and Kapha are identied as Ayurveda's Tristhambha (three key pillars)–the life science. Similarly, the Trayopasthambas (three supporting pillars) are identied as Aahara (food), Nidra (sleep), and Bramhacharya (abstinence). Sleep is thus one of the important factors for leading a healthy life. So many health-related problems suffer due to lack of sleep human. Insomnia in modern times may be signs of traumatic lifestyle, depressive illness, anxiety disorder, psychological disorders or other medical conditions. The Nidranasha management line explained by various Acharyas in different ways can be represented in detail in the different therapeutic procedures of Snehana, Abhyanga, Samvahana, Murdhnitailam, Padaabhyanga, Shirobasti, Shirodhara, Nasya.

Assessing the Effectiveness of Brief and Low Intensity Psychological Interventions for Medically Unexplained Symptoms and Health Anxiety: A Systematic Review of the Literature

This chapter presents a systematic review of the literature to assess the effectiveness of brief psychological interventions for medically unexplained symptoms (MUS)/somatic symptom disorder, non-cardiac chest pain, and illness anxiety disorder or health anxiety (HA). Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched as data sources. Reference lists were subsequently examined for other relevant articles. Studies were assessed according to specified inclusion criteria and extracted according to PRISMA guidelines. A total of 23 studies were included in the final synthesis. Significant effects for intervention groups relative to control groups were reported in 19 studies, whilst 4 studies did not determine any significant benefits of interventions compared with controls. All of the brief interventions (CBT, psychosocial, psychophysiological, psychosomatic, relaxation and group therapy), with the exception of metaphor therapy, showed significant effects relative to controls in at least one study. The evidence suggests that brief psychological interventions, more specifically time limited CBT based interventions may be effective in treating HA and MUS with psychological distress. Findings are comparable with other reviews. Future research may facilitate the piloting of an intervention, and there remains a need to provide more robust evidence of cost effectiveness.

The Relationship Between Ruminating the Catastrophic Consequences of Bodily Changes and Positive Reappraisal and Practical Problem-Solving Strategies in Individuals With Illness Anxiety Disorder

Introduction: Cognitive emotion regulation is suggested to contribute to Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD). Reappraisal and suppression are essential ER strategies with controversial data about their roles in IAD. Relevant studies are mostly limited to exploring these two strategies in individuals without such disorder. Therefore, we aimed to study the role of emotion regulation in the psychopathology of IAD by evaluating other ER strategies in illness-anxious individuals. Furthermore, we investigated the relationship between IAD and emotion regulation by targeting the role of interpretation bias for health-related information. Methods: The study participants were 60 university students. They underwent a semi-structured clinical interview to assess the presence or absence of IAD symptoms (n=30/group). They completed a battery of questionnaires measuring IAD, emotion regulation, and interpretation bias. Results: The illness-anxious group applied significantly less reappraisal and refocus on planning and more rumination, catastrophizing, and acceptance strategies, compared to the controls. Besides, interpretation bias was positively correlated with rumination and catastrophizing; while its association with reappraisal and planning was negative. Conclusion: Both functional (e.g. reappraisal & planning) and dysfunctional strategies (e.g. rumination & catastrophizing) contributed to the psychopathology of IAD. The biased interpretation of bodily information could make individuals prone to ruminate about the catastrophic consequences of bodily changes; such conditions interrupt fostering more positive reappraisal or practical problem-solving strategies.