Reappraisal of Acid-Citrate-Dextrose Solution for Whole Blood Storage

1968 ◽  
Vol 133 (7) ◽  
pp. 529-533
Author(s):  
Charles E. Shields
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Storage ◽  
Dextrose Solution ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Dextrose

Implications of anticoagulants and gender on cell counts and growth factor concentration in platelet-rich plasma and platelet-rich gel supernatants from rabbits

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan González ◽  
Catalina López ◽  
Jorge Carmona
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Dextrose Solution ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Factor Concentration

SummaryObjectives: Our objectives were as follows: 1) to validate a protocol for producing rabbit platelet-rich plasma (PRP); 2) to determine the influence of two anticoagulants, sodium citrate and acid-citrate-dextrose solution A, and gender on cell count in PRP and growth factor concentration in pure platelet-rich gel supernatants; 3) to correlate the variables evaluated.Methods: Whole blood from 18 New Zealand rabbits (9 males and 9 females) was obtained with sodium citrate and acid- citrate-dextrose solution A for processing PRP fractions (A and B), which were evaluated for haematology. The PRP fractions were either activated with calcium gluconate or lysated with a detergent. The concentrations of transforming growth factor beta 1 and platelet-derived growth factor BB were assayed by ELISA.Results: The sodium citrate PRP-B had significantly higher counts of platelets in comparison to PRP-A and whole blood obtained with the same anticoagulant and the homologous acid-citrate-dextrose solution A PRP fraction. The sodium citrate PRP-A had a significantly higher count of leukocytes compared to the homologous acid-citrate-dextrose solution A fraction. All the PRP fractions had a significant leuko-reduction when compared to whole blood. The sodium citrate PRP-A fraction from female rabbits had significantly lower platelet counts and significantly higher leukocyte counts than the same acid-citrate-dextrose solution A fraction. Growth factor concentration was not affected by the type of anticoagulant or gender.Clinical significance: The type of anticoagulant and gender affected the cell counts in PRP, but they did not influence the growth factor concentration. More complete rabbit PRP studies should be performed before evaluating this type of substance in models of disease.

The Effect of Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate on Erythrocyte and Haemoglobin Function

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brada ◽  
L. A. Robinson ◽  
A. J. Bellingham
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Sodium Succinate ◽  
Oxygen Affinity ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

1. As it has been suggested that the beneficial effect of methylprednisolone in shock is due to its effect on erythrocyte oxygen affinity, we studied its effect on incubated erythrocytes and on haemoglobin solution. 2. Incubation of fresh whole blood anticoagulated with acid/citrate/dextrose with methylprednisolone (7 mmol/l) produced a significant decrease in oxygen affinity, which was not seen with lower concentrations of methylprednisolone. When either acid/citrate/dextrose blood stored for 10 days or fresh heparinized blood was used, no significant increase in the partial pressure of oxygen at 50% haemoglobin saturation (P50) was demonstrated even with methylprednisolone at 7 mmol/l. At the highest concentration achieved in plasma with standard therapeutic doses (56 μmol/l) there was no increase in P50 under all the conditions studied. 3. Methylprednisolone reduced the oxygen affinity of haemoglobin in solution. The reduction in oxygen affinity was less than that produced by 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and more than that of either sodium succinate or sodium chloride. 4. From the results of this study we conclude that the effect observed in whole cells is probably due to a direct effect of methylprednisolone on haemoglobin. To produce a significant decrease of oxygen affinity of whole blood in vitro requires a plasma concentration of methylprednisolone above that obtained in plasma in vivo, with the currently used therapeutic doses.

scholarly journals Changes in intracellular Mg adenosine triphosphate and ionized Mg2+ during blood storage: detection by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Blood ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1526-1530 ◽  
Author(s):  
JL Bock ◽  
B Wenz ◽  
RK Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Blood Storage ◽  
31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Phosphate ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Abstract 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to measure changes in intra-erythrocyte Mg adenosine triphosphate (MgATP) and free Mg2+ during blood storage at 4 degrees C in standard citrate preservation media. The extent of Mg2+ complexation of ATP and the concentration of free Mg2+ were measured from the Mg2+-dependent chemical shift differences, at 22 degrees C, between the P beta and P alpha resonances of intracellular ATP. This difference changed from 721.0 +/- 1.4 Hz (mean +/- SE) on the day of collection to 741.0 +/- 3.4 Hz after three to seven days and 774.0 +/- 2.8 Hz after 11 to 40 days storage in either acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD) or citrate-phosphate- dextrose-adenine (CPDA-1). Changes in intracellular pH, detected from shifts in the intracellular Pi resonance, averaged 0.27 units after 11 to 40 days of storage. These data indicate a sizable decrease in the extent of Mg2+ complexation of ATP, and a decrease by a factor of 2.6 in free Mg2+, during the shelf-life of blood stored in ACD or CPDA-1.

Density Increase and Ageing of Erythrocytes in Stored Blood

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rocchigiani ◽  
M. Pescaglini ◽  
S. Sestini ◽  
V. Micheli ◽  
C. Ricci
Keyword(s):  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Density Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Stored Blood ◽  
Citrate Phosphate

An increase in the density of erythrocytes was observed after storage of whole blood for 30 days at 4°C in either acid citrate – dextrose or citrate – phosphate – dextrose – adrenaline. Glucose- 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in unfractionated red blood cell lysates did not vary with the storage time. Enzyme activity in the lighter fraction separated by density gradient centrifugation was higher than that in heavier fractions. The decline in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity with density was less marked after storage of whole blood for 30 days. It is suggested that density modifications are not related to the ageing of erythrocytes and additional mechanisms may be involved.

Adaptation of Coenzyme Stimulation Assays for the Nutritional Assessment of Vitamins B1, B2 and B6 Using the Cobas Bio Centrifugal Analyser

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
J N Mount ◽  
E Heduan ◽  
C Herd ◽  
R Jupp ◽  
E Kearney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Dextrose

Adaptation of coenzyme stimulation assays for the nutritional assessment of thiamine, riboflavin and pyridoxine on the Cobas Bio centrifugal analyser are described. Whole blood was collected into acid-citrate dextrose, which preserves the erythrocytes, prior to assay for several days. Washed erythrocytes stored at −70°C and subsequently thawed, showed altered enzyme activities. The methods offer improved precision over existing procedures and take advantage of the high throughput capabilities of the instrumentation.

Variations in Levels of Transaminases and Lactic Dehydrogenase in Bank Blood

1962 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 626-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard V Crowley
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Screening Procedure ◽  
Dextrose Solution ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Bank Blood

Abstract Results of the assay of transaminases and lactic dehydrogenase in blood, proposed as a screening procedure for subclinical hepatitis in blood donors, show that the method of sampling influences the analytic results. Determinations of GOT and GPT may prove useful if made on specimens separated from cells soon after collection. Plasma in contact with cells from blood preserved in acid citrate dextrose solution appears to yield good results up to 21 days. Lactic-dehydrogenase levels are of limited value for this screening.

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