scholarly journals Incidence of White Pine Blister Rust in a High-Hazard Region of Wisconsin

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.E. Dahir ◽  
J.E.Cummings Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Site Factors ◽  
Topographic Position ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Study Sites

Abstract The incidence of white pine blister rust, caused by the fungus Cronartium ribicola, was recorded in 61 pole and small sawtimber stands in northern Wisconsin where the risk of infection has long been considered high. A minimum of three, randomly located, 10 basal area factor prism plots were established in each stand. Topographic position, aspect, slope, tree density, habitat type, and the presence or absence of bole cankers were recorded at each plot. The mean incidence of infection was 7.2% for all study sites and 5.9% excluding data from Bayfield Peninsula. Mean incidence of cankered trees at this site was 15.9%. The following site factors were significantly correlated with increased incidence of blister rust: increased latitude, higher topographic position, northern aspect, lower total tree density, and absence of a hardwood overstory. Incidence was almost three times higher on ridge tops and shoulders (12.3%) than on flat or bottomland (4.7%). Habitat type was correlated with disease incidence only at the Bayfield Peninsula site, and slope was not significantly correlated with rust levels on any of the plots. North. J. Appl. For. 18(3):81–86.

Changes in white pine blister rust infection and mortality in limber pine over time

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 919-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyndi M. Smith ◽  
David W. Langor ◽  
Colin Myrholm ◽  
Jim Weber ◽  
Cameron Gillies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Pinus Flexilis ◽  
Limber Pine ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Dead Trees ◽  
Pine Beetle

Limber pine (Pinus flexilis E. James) is under threat from white pine blister rust (WPBR), mountain pine beetle, drought, and fire suppression across its range in western North America. In 2003–2004, we established 85 plots to assess the mortality and incidence of WPBR on limber pine, and remeasured them in 2009. Infection was evident in 74% of the plots in 2003–2004 and 88% of the plots in 2009. The proportion of dead trees increased from 32% in 2003–2004 to 35% in 2009. The percentage of live trees infected increased from 33% in 2003–2004 to 43% in 2009. Mean live limber pine basal area in 2009 ranged from 0.03 to 77.8 m2/ha per plot. Twenty (24%) of the plots had no seedlings in the first measurement, but only 15% in the second measurement. Seedling infection was low (8% in 2003–2004 and 4% in 2009). In 12 plots that were measured three times, mortality increased from 30% of all trees in 1996 to 50% in 2003, then decreased to 46% in 2009. Infection decreased from 73% of live trees in 1996 to 46% in 2003, then increased to 66% in 2009. High mortality and infection levels suggest that the long-term persistence of many limber pine populations in the southern part of the study area are in jeopardy, and continued monitoring is needed to assist with management decisions.

Application of slow-release tablets to enhance white pine regeneration: growth response and efficacy against white pine blister rust

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 684-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas G Pitt ◽  
Timothy Meyer ◽  
Mya Park ◽  
Linda MacDonald ◽  
Teresa Buscarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Pine Regeneration

Three field studies were established in northeastern Ontario to test the ability of slow-release tablets to provide prophylactic protection against white pine blister rust (caused by Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fisch.) and thereby improve the long-term survival, health, and growth of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) seedlings. Experimental treatments included factorial rate combinations the fungicide triadimefon (Bayleton®), the insecticide imidacloprid (Merit®), and fertilizer (N–P–K, 15:8.5:3.75). Mean foliar fungicide residues increased to maximal levels (0.21 to 3.1 µg/g fresh mass (fm)) within 1 to 2 years posttreatment and declined markedly to <0.3 µg/g fm 3 to 4 years posttreatment. Dose-dependent and temporal trends observed in foliar residue levels were reflected by parallel trends in efficacy. At ≥2000 ppm triadimefon, infection rates were reduced to between 35% and 70% and mortality rates were reduced to between 6% and 52% over seven growing seasons across the three sites. In contrast, untreated seedlings had infection rates between 60% and 98% and mortality rates between 30% and 90%. Neither fungicide nor insecticide treatments had significant effects on surviving seedling growth. Differences in fungicide uptake, disease incidence, and seedling growth in response to fertilization were observed among the three sites. Direct weed control, provided at one site, appeared to offer relatively greater health and growth benefits than fertilization.

Pruning to manage white pine blister rust in the southern Rocky Mountains

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Crump ◽  
William R. Jacobi ◽  
Kelly S. Burns ◽  
Brian E. Howell
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Southern Rocky Mountains ◽  
Blister Rust

Options for the management of white pine blister rust in the Rocky Mountain Region

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly S. Burns ◽  
Anna W. Schoettle ◽  
William R. Jacobi ◽  
Mary F. Mahalovich
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Rocky Mountain Region

Risk of white pine blister rust to limber pine in Colorado and Wyoming, USA

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. J. Kearns ◽  
W. R. Jacobi ◽  
R. M. Reich ◽  
R. L. Flynn ◽  
K. S. Burns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Limber Pine ◽  
Blister Rust

scholarly journals Compounding effects of white pine blister rust, mountain pine beetle, and fire threaten four white pine species

Ecosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan C. Dudney ◽  
Jonathan C. B. Nesmith ◽  
Matthew C. Cahill ◽  
Jennifer E. Cribbs ◽  
Dan M. Duriscoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Pine Species

scholarly journals STUDIES ON WHITE PINE BLISTER RUST IN NOVA SCOTIA

1953 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. McGinn ◽  
A. G. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Systematic Search ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Pine Regeneration ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Cutting Operation

Studies were undertaken in Nova Scotia to determine (i) the effect of different cutting practices on the establishment of a RIBES population and of white pine regeneration, (ii) whether blister rust is a major factor in retarding the establishment of white pine regeneration, and (iii) the feasibility and cost of RIBES eradication as a direct control measure against blister rust. No relationship was found to exist between RIBES establishment and the degree of cutting. Uncut softwood stands, where white pine is the predominant species, show evidence of producing a future pine crop. Forest types supporting white pine appear to offer the best opportunities for pine reproduction where a clear-cutting operation has given the stand maximum opening. Results of the present study to date do not show that blister rust is a major factor in retarding the establishment of white pine regeneration. To eradicate RIBES from the study area by a complete systematic search required 1 man-hour per acre. Because of the small number of RIBES plants found and of the tendency for them to occur consistently in moist, low-lying habitats, a complete systematic search for these plants appears to be unnecessary. It is suggested that one man, trained to recognize RIBES and their probable location, could cover large forest tracts with a minimum of time expended in searching localities unlikely to support these plants.

scholarly journals Whitebark pine mortality related to white pine blister rust, mountain pine beetle outbreak, and water availability

Ecosphere ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Shanahan ◽  
Kathryn M. Irvine ◽  
David Thoma ◽  
Siri Wilmoth ◽  
Andrew Ray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Whitebark Pine ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle

scholarly journals Use of triadimefon to control white pine blister rust

1996 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 637-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean A. Bérubé
Keyword(s):  
Cronartium Ribicola ◽  
White Pine Blister Rust ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Growth Season ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Rust Infection ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Bare Root

White pine seedlings were treated with triadimefon two weeks prior to natural inoculation with Cronartium ribicola and were observed for two growth seasons. During the second growth season in the greenhouse the incidence of blister rust symptoms was 70.8% for the untreated controls, whereas only 3.8% of the treated seedlings showed symptoms of blister rust. Triadimefon offers effective protection against white pine blister rust infection and would enable the production of bare root seedlings in areas prone to blister rust infection.

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