scholarly journals Mallory–Weiss syndrome complicated by severe aspiration pneumonitis in an infant

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukako Ebara ◽  
Akihiko Shimizu ◽  
Shigeru Nomura ◽  
Akira Nishi ◽  
Yoshiyuki Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Multidisciplinary Treatment ◽  
Aspiration Pneumonitis ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Pediatric Case ◽  
Respiratory Condition ◽  
Linear Scar ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

ABSTRACT A 1-month-old girl presented with hematemesis and dyspnea. A large amount of blood was aspirated through a nasogastric tube, and chest computed tomography showed bilateral centrilobular opacified lesions, which suggested aspiration pneumonitis due to upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Her respiratory condition exacerbated, and we initiated nitric oxide (NO) therapy. Bleeding stopped with conservative treatment. She was weaned off mechanical ventilation and extubated on Day 6 after admission. Afterward, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a longitudinal linear scar indicative of Mallory–Weiss syndrome (MWS). MWS is rarely reported in early infancy since many of the risk factors are absent in infants. Patients with aspiration pneumonitis usually recover respiratory function within 24 h and severe respiratory failure is rare in aspiration pneumonitis. There are no pediatric case reports describing MWS with severe aspiration pneumonitis. Although MWS is a rare cause of neonatal hematemesis, patients can become severely ill and require multidisciplinary treatment.

The Diagnosis and Prognosis of Upper Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage

1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
R.H. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Overall Mortality

AbstractThere have been major advances in the diagnosis and management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding over the past two decades but the overall mortality figure remains about 10 per cent. This paper reviews the place of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in diagnosis and discusses the argument that this form of earlier, more accurate diagnosis has had no influence on the outcome of the condition.

scholarly journals Rapunzel Syndrome in a Seven-Year-Old Girl

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aviral Gupta ◽  
Sarvesh C. Mishra ◽  
Vijay D. Upadhyay ◽  
Pujana Kanneganti
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Abdominal Mass ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Rapunzel Syndrome ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

AbstractRapunzel syndrome is a rare entity with less than hundred case reports cited in the literature. In this, there is presence of a trichobezoar in the stomach which extends into the small intestine or beyond. It can typically cause abdominal pain and nausea, but can also present as an asymptomatic abdominal mass, progressing to abdominal obstruction and perforation. Many of these patients have associated psychiatric disorder. The gold standard for diagnosis is upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and treatment is surgical removal. Herein, we present surgical images of Rapunzel syndrome in a seven-year-old girl.

scholarly journals Duodenal Lipoma - Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
Jeremy Goldberg ◽  
Stewart M Hamilton ◽  
RD Cherry ◽  
RW Sherbaniuk ◽  
Laurence D Jewell
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Motility Disorder ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Esophageal Motility Disorder ◽  
Bleeding Management ◽  
Endoscopic Findings ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy has increased the frequency with which duodenal lipomas are encountered in clinical practice. Although the smaller lesions are usually incidental endoscopic findings unrelated to symptoms, an accurate diagnosis depends upon biopsy and histological assessment Larger lesions may bleed or obstruct. The authors present two cases: one lipoma was found incidentally during the investigation of an esophageal motility disorder; the other larger one presented as a mass lesion in a patient with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Pathological findings suggested that the lipoma was the cause of the bleeding. Management is briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Endoscopic Profile of the Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in a North–Eastern State of India - A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
pp. 1201-1205
Author(s):  
Koushik Chakma ◽  
Saumik Chakraborty ◽  
Avik Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Erosive Gastritis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

BACKGROUND Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is one of the common medical emergencies throughout the world that may require hospital admission and results in high patient morbidity and mortality. The presentation of UGI bleeding depends on the amount and location of haemorrhage. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) is the preferred investigative procedure for UGIB because of its accuracy, low rate of complication, and its potential for therapeutic interventions. The present study has been carried out to evaluate the different aetiological causes of UGIB in a tertiary care centre in the North Eastern part of India and compare the same with other studies done globally. METHODS This was a hospital based observational study with cross sectional design carried out in the Department of Medicine at Tripura Medical College & DR BRAM Teaching Hospital, Agartala. Total 376 patients were selected for this study for over a period of 2 years from January 2017 to December 2018. Upper GI endoscopy was performed in all patients after hemodynamic stabilisation. Rockall scoring system was used in non-variceal cases to predict the mortality in patients with upper GI bleeding. RESULTS A total of 376 patients had endoscopy for UGIB which included 260 (69.1 %) males and 116 (30.9 %) females, and the mean age was 47.9 (± 17.0) years. The most common cause of UGIB was peptic ulcer disease (duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer) consisting of 31.38 %, followed by erosive gastritis (23.94 %), oesophageal varix (11.17 %), portal hypertensive gastropathy (10.64 %), duodenitis (8.51 %). Gastrointestinal malignancy (gastric and oesophageal cancers) was reported in 3.98 % and rare causes of UGIB were Mallory-Weiss syndrome (1.86 %), and esophagitis (1.60 %). Among them 4.26 % of the patients had normal endoscopy findings. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, peptic ulcer disease was the most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, followed by erosive gastritis. Rockall score of more than 4 was numerically associated with increased incidence of mortality. KEYWORDS Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding (UGIB), Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (UGIE

scholarly journals Gastric antral vascular ectasia: A case report and literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman M. Alkhormi ◽  
Muhammed Yousuf Memon ◽  
Abdullah Alqarawi
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia ◽  
Vascular Ectasia ◽  
Occult Bleeding ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

AbstractGastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is a rare but an important cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) and commonly presents as occult bleeding that manifests as iron deficiency anemia (IDA). GAVE is commonly associated with chronic illnesses, most frequently liver cirrhosis and connective tissue diseases. The pathogenesis of GAVE is still obscure, and many hypotheses such as mechanical stress, hormonal factors, and autoimmune factors, have been proposed. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy has a major role in the diagnosis and treatment of GAVE.

Unusual cause of severe iron deficiency anaemia in a child: paraoesophageal hernia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e237728
Author(s):  
Rishi Bolia ◽  
Yash Srivastava ◽  
Renu Yadav ◽  
Poonam Sherwani
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Hiatus Hernia ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Paraoesophageal Hernia ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Iron deficiency anaemia is a known complication of a large hiatal hernia in adults. It occurs as a result of erosions on the gastric mucosa secondary to traction at the hiatus during respiration and/or gastric acid-related injuries to the mucosa. Even though anaemia occurs as a result of chronic gastrointestinal blood loss, testing for faecal occult blood is often negative and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy normal as the bleeding is intermittent. In children, a hiatus hernia as a rare cause of iron deficiency anaemia and has been described only in case reports. Here, we describe a 5-year-old boy who presented with severe transfusion-dependent iron deficiency anaemia caused by a paraoesophageal hernia. Surgical repair of the hiatus hernia led to complete resolution of anaemia. One should consider a hiatus hernia as a diagnostic possibility when evaluating a child with refractory iron deficiency anaemia.

scholarly journals Emergency Pancreaticoduodenectomy in Duodenal Paraganglioma: Case Report

ISRN Surgery ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazl Q. Parray ◽  
Iqbal M. Lone ◽  
Nisar A. Chowdri ◽  
Imtiaz Wani ◽  
Mehmood A. Wani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Rare Tumor ◽  
Gangliocytic Paraganglioma ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma (DGP) is a rare tumor that characteristically occurs in the second part of duodenum. These appear as submucosal masses that protrude into the lumen of a duodenum. Gastrointestinal bleeding is the commonest manifestation of DGP. Metastatic spread to regional lymph nodes occurs rarely. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for DGP. A case of a DGP is reported in young female who presented with a recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) documented a mass in the ampullary region with ulceration in its middle which was bleeding. Recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding necessitated an emergency pancreaticoduodenectomy. Histopathology of specimen documented gangliocytic paraganglioma.

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