A Connectomic Atlas of the Human Cerebrum—Chapter 13: Tractographic Description of the Inferior Fronto-Occipital Fasciculus

ABSTRACT The inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF) is a large white matter tract of the human cerebrum with functional connectivity associated with semantic language processing and goal-oriented behavior. However, little is known regarding the overall connectivity of this tract. Recently, the Human Connectome Project parcellated the human cortex into 180 distinct regions. In our other work, we have shown these various regions in relation to clinically applicable anatomy and function. Utilizing Diffusion Spectrum Magnetic Resonance Imaging tractography coupled with the human cortex parcellation data presented earlier in this supplement, we aim to describe the macro-connectome of the IFOF in relation to the linked parcellations present within the human cortex. The purpose of this study is to present this information in an indexed, illustrated, and tractographically aided series of figures and tables for anatomic and clinical reference.

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A Connectomic Atlas of the Human Cerebrum—Chapter 10: Tractographic Description of the Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus

Operative Neurosurgery ◽

10.1093/ons/opy264 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. S407-S422 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Andrew K Conner ◽

Robert G Briggs ◽

Meherzad Rahimi ◽

Goksel Sali ◽

Cordell M Baker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

White Matter ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Cognitive Functions ◽

White Matter Tract ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽

Human Cortex ◽

Human Connectome Project ◽

Attention Memory

ABSTRACT The superior longitudinal fasciculus/arcuate white matter complex (SLF/AC) is the largest and most complex white matter tract of the human cerebrum with multiple inter-linked connections encompassing multiple cognitive functions such as language, attention, memory, emotion, and visuospatial function. However, little is known regarding the overall connectivity of this complex. Recently, the Human Connectome Project parcellated the human cortex into 180 distinct regions. Utilizing diffusion spectrum magnetic resonance imaging tractography coupled with the human cortex parcellation data presented earlier in this supplement, we aim to describe the macro-connectome of the SLF/AC in relation to the linked parcellations present within the human cortex. The purpose of this study is to present this information in an indexed, illustrated, and tractographically aided series of figures and tables for anatomic and clinical reference.

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A Connectomic Atlas of the Human Cerebrum—Chapter 12: Tractographic Description of the Middle Longitudinal Fasciculus

Operative Neurosurgery ◽

10.1093/ons/opy266 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. S429-S435 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Andrew K Conner ◽

Robert G Briggs ◽

Meherzad Rahimi ◽

Goksel Sali ◽

Cordell M Baker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

White Matter ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Language Processing ◽

Cognitive Functions ◽

Temporal Region ◽

White Matter Tract ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Human Cortex ◽

Auditory Organization

ABSTRACT The middle longitudinal fasciculus (MdLF) is a small and somewhat controversial white matter tract of the human cerebrum, confined to the posterior superior temporal region from which it courses posteriorly to connect at the occipital–parietal interface. The tract appears to be involved in language processing as well as auditory organization and localization, while sub-serving other higher level cognitive functions that have yet to be fully elucidated. Little is known about the specific, interparcellation connections that integrate to form the MdLF. Utilizing diffusion spectrum magnetic resonance imaging tractography coupled with the human cortex parcellation data presented earlier in this supplement, we aim to describe the macro-connectome of the MdLF in relation to the linked parcellations present within the human cortex. The purpose of this study is to present this information in an indexed, illustrated, and tractographically aided series of figures and tables for anatomic and clinical reference.

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Novel strain analysis informs about injury susceptibility of the corpus callosum to repeated impacts

Brain Communications ◽

10.1093/braincomms/fcz021 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Allen A Champagne ◽

Emile Peponoulas ◽

Itamar Terem ◽

Andrew Ross ◽

Maryam Tayebi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

White Matter ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Corpus Callosum ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

White Matter Integrity ◽

White Matter Tract ◽

Exposure Group ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

High Exposure

Abstract Increasing evidence for the cumulative effects of head trauma on structural integrity of the brain has emphasized the need to understand the relationship between tissue mechanic properties and injury susceptibility. Here, diffusion tensor imaging, helmet accelerometers and amplified magnetic resonance imaging were combined to gather insight about the region-specific vulnerability of the corpus callosum to microstructural changes in white-matter integrity upon exposure to sub-concussive impacts. A total of 33 male Canadian football players (meanage = 20.3 ± 1.4 years) were assessed at three time points during a football season (baseline pre-season, mid-season and post-season). The athletes were split into a LOW (N = 16) and HIGH (N = 17) exposure group based on the frequency of sub-concussive impacts sustained on a per-session basis, measured using the helmet-mounted accelerometers. Longitudinal decreases in fractional anisotropy were observed in anterior and posterior regions of the corpus callosum (average cluster size = 40.0 ± 4.4 voxels; P < 0.05, corrected) for athletes from the HIGH exposure group. These results suggest that the white-matter tract may be vulnerable to repetitive sub-concussive collisions sustained over the course of a football season. Using these findings as a basis for further investigation, a novel exploratory analysis of strain derived from sub-voxel motion of brain tissues in response to cardiac impulses was developed using amplified magnetic resonance imaging. This approach revealed specific differences in strain (and thus possibly stiffness) along the white-matter tract (P < 0.0001) suggesting a possible signature relationship between changes in white-matter integrity and tissue mechanical properties. In light of these findings, additional information about the viscoelastic behaviour of white-matter tissues may be imperative in elucidating the mechanisms responsible for region-specific differences in injury susceptibility observed, for instance, through changes in microstructural integrity following exposure to sub-concussive head impacts.

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White Matter Tract Visualization in Infants by Diffusion Tensor MRI(Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/00006450-199809000-00200 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 447-447

Author(s):

M J Miranda ◽

P Born ◽

M R Wiegell

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

White Matter ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Diffusion Tensor Mri ◽

White Matter Tract ◽

Resonance Imaging

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Value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Assessing Patency and Function of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts

Circulation ◽

10.1161/01.cir.93.4.660 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 93 (4) ◽

pp. 660-666 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

Michel A. Galjee ◽

Albert C. van Rossum ◽

Teddo Doesburg ◽

Machiel J. van Eenige ◽

Cees A. Visser

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Bypass Grafts ◽

And Function

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Magnetic resonance imaging findings in children with Parry-Romberg syndrome and en coup de sabre

Pediatric Rheumatology ◽

10.1186/s12969-021-00512-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Harry Knights ◽

Elizabeth Minas ◽

Faraan Khan ◽

Lindsay Shaw ◽

Muthana Al Obaidi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

White Matter ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Brain Imaging ◽

Case Series ◽

Dystrophic Calcification ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Cutaneous Manifestations ◽

Street Hospital ◽

Parry Romberg Syndrome

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to: (i) describe the abnormalities seen on brain imaging in a group of children with en coup de sabre (EDCS) with/without Parry-Romberg syndrome (PRS); and (ii) identify clinical predictors of brain imaging abnormalities. Methods This was a single centre (Great Ormond Street Hospital, London) retrospective case series of patients with ECDS/PRS seen from 2000 to 2018. We identified patients with cutaneous manifestations consistent with the clinical descriptions of ECDS/PRS. Presenting clinical, laboratory, and radiological brain findings are described. Results are expressed as medians and ranges or frequencies and percentages. Fisher’s exact test was used to identify clinical associations with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities. Results Fourteen patients were studied: 6 males and 8 females; median age 14 years (range 3–20). We observed neuroimaging abnormalities in 2/6 ECDS and 5/8 ECDS/PRS patients. White matter signal abnormality, dystrophic calcification, leptomeningeal enhancement, and sulcal crowding were the typical findings on brain imaging. A total of 50% of patients had no MRI abnormality despite some of these patients having neurological symptoms. The presence of seizures was significantly associated with ipsilateral enhanced white matter signalling on MRI (p < 0.05). Conclusions In summary, we observed several distinct radiographic patterns associated with ECDS/PRS. Seizure disorder was strongly associated with the presence of ipsilateral enhanced white matter signalling. Improved neuroimaging techniques that combine morphological with functional imaging may improve the detection rate of brain involvement in children with ECDS/PRS in the future.

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ASPREE-NEURO study protocol: A randomized controlled trial to determine the effect of low-dose aspirin on cerebral microbleeds, white matter hyperintensities, cognition, and stroke in the healthy elderly

International Journal of Stroke ◽

10.1177/1747493016669848 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 108-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Stephanie A Ward ◽

Parnesh Raniga ◽

Nicholas J Ferris ◽

Robyn L Woods ◽

Elsdon Storey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

White Matter ◽

Primary Prevention ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Cerebral Microbleeds ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Healthy Elderly ◽

Cerebral Microbleed

Rationale Cerebral microbleeds seen on brain magnetic resonance imaging are markers of small vessel disease, linked to cognitive dysfunction and increased ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke risk. Observational studies suggest that aspirin use may induce cerebral microbleeds, and associated overt intracranial hemorrhage, but this has not been definitively resolved. Aims ASPREE-NEURO will determine the effect of aspirin on cerebral microbleed development over three years in healthy adults aged 70 years and over, participating in the larger ‘ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE)’ primary prevention study of aspirin. Sample size Five hundred and fifty-nine participants provide 75% power (two-sided p value of 0.05) to determine an average difference of 0.5 cerebral microbleed per person after three years. Methods and design A multi-center, randomized placebo-controlled trial of 100 mg daily aspirin in participants who have brain magnetic resonance imaging at study entry, one and three years after randomization and who undergo cognitive testing at the same time points. Study outcomes The primary outcome is the number of new cerebral microbleeds on magnetic resonance imaging after three years. Secondary outcomes are the number of new cerebral microbleeds after one year, change in volume of white matter hyperintensity, cognitive function, and stroke. Discussion ASPREE-NEURO will resolve whether aspirin affects the presence and number of cerebral microbleeds, their relationship with cognitive performance, and indicate whether consideration of cerebral microbleeds alters the risk-benefit profile of aspirin in primary prevention for older people. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12613001313729.

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