Bravery

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-119
Author(s):  
Eugen J. Pentiuc
Keyword(s):  
Ninth Century ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Garden Of Eden

This chapter analyzes the Scriptures in several hymns prescribed for Holy Wednesday, whose central theme is bravery as exemplified by the sinful woman who anointed Jesus’s feet (Luke 7:36–50). The gospel story was turned into a liturgical hymn, known as the Kassia hymn, after its composer, the ninth-century female hymnographer Kassia of Constantinople. The sinful woman’s bravery is contrasted with Eve’s timidity and shamefulness. Unlike the sinful woman who approached Jesus’s feet seeking mercy, Eve, after having sinned, hid herself among the trees of the Garden of Eden at the sound of God’s “feet” walking through the garden (Gen 3:8). The “feet,” whose “striking sound” (krotos) Eve heard, as Kassia notes, were the same as Jesus’s feet which the sinful woman saw, touched, anointed, and kissed. The contrast between Eve and the sinful woman points to God’s revelation that moves from the “sonic” (Eve) to “visual” (the sinful woman) phase.

The Garden as Unfinished Narrative of the Good in C.S. Lewis’ Perelandra

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-80
Author(s):  
Evrea Ness-Bergstein
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Garden Of Eden ◽  
Adam And Eve ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Growth And Change ◽  
Literary Devices ◽  
Hortus Conclusus

In Lewis’ transposition of Milton’s Paradise to a distant world where Adam and Eve do not succumb to Satan, the structure of Eden is radically different from the enclosed garden familiar to most readers. In the novel Perelandra (1944), C.S. Lewis represents the Garden of Eden as an open and ‘shifting’ place. The new Garden of Eden, with Adam and Eve unfallen, is a place of indeterminate future, excitement, growth, and change, very unlike the static, safe, enclosed Garden—the hortus conclusus of traditional iconography—from which humanity is not just expelled but also, in some sense, escapes. The innovation is not in the theological underpinnings that Lewis claims to share with Milton but in the literary devices that make evil in Perelandra seem boring, dead-end, and repetitive, while goodness is the clear source of change and excitement.

‘Are we on the same wavelength?’ International nurses and the process of confronting and adjusting to clinical communication in Australia

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonia Crawford ◽  
Peter Roger ◽  
Sally Candlin
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
The Other ◽  
Culturally And Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Clinical Communication ◽  
Professional Experiences

Effective communication skills are important in the health care setting in order to develop rapport and trust with patients, provide reassurance, assess patients effectively and provide education in a way that patients easily understand (Candlin and Candlin, 2003). However with many nurses from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds being recruited to fill the workforce shortfall in Australia, communication across cultures with the potential for miscommunication and ensuing risks to patient safety has gained increasing focus in recent years (Shakya and Horsefall, 2000; Chiang and Crickmore, 2009). This paper reports on the first phase of a study that examines intercultural nurse patient communication from the perspective of four Registered Nurses from CALD backgrounds working in Australia. Five interrelating themes that were derived from thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews are discussed. The central theme of ‘adjustment’ was identified as fundamental to the experiences of the RNs and this theme interrelated with each of the other themes that emerged: professional experiences with communication, ways of showing respect, displaying empathy, and vulnerability.

Food Matters

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Martha Finch
Keyword(s):  
Food Studies ◽  
Religious Group ◽  
Cultural Group ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Common Food ◽  
Sensory Experiences ◽  
Sensory Effects

Each week in my religion and food course during Spring 2016, a student or I brought foods related to the religious group we were studying into the classroom for all to try. With the first dish they tasted, students asked, “So what makes this food ‘religious’?” This question formed the central theme throughout the semester as we wrestled with what religion is in the context of food and foodways: the network of material aspects (food itself; practices like growing, distributing, cooking, eating; sensory experiences such as taste) and conceptual aspects (ideas, meanings, metaphors, symbols, values such as taste) of food in a particular social/cultural group. The familiar and unfamiliar foods elicited visceral reactions from students. This essay argues that paying closer attention to religion as an independent interpretive category and especially to food itself, as a material agent eliciting powerful sensory effects that precede religious ideas and enable those ideas, provides an alternative to dependence on common food studies’ interpretive categories and on the Protestant-influenced focus on food as abstracted symbol or metaphor of ‘meaning.’

Tire-Road Interactions — Harmony or Conflict?

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-84
Author(s):  
A. R. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
The Road ◽  
Truck Tires ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Tire Wear

Abstract This is a summary of work by the author and his colleagues, as well as by others reported in the literature, that demonstrate a need for considering a vehicle, its tires, and the road surface as a system. The central theme is interaction at the footprint, especially that of truck tires. Individual and interactive effects of road and tires are considered under the major topics of road aggregate (macroscopic and microscopic properties), development of a novel road surface, safety, noise, rolling resistance, riding comfort, water drainage by both road and tire, development of tire tread compounds and a proving ground, and influence of tire wear on wet traction. A general conclusion is that road surfaces have both the major effect and the greater potential for improvement.

“The Pain Of Protagonists” Inselected Novels Of Anita Nair

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-438
Author(s):  
R. CELIN DIANA
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Social Convention ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Female Protagonists ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pain And Suffering ◽  
Simple Life

MRS. R. CELIN DIANA A female is God's lovable creature to balance man. She is mentally and physically weak through creation itself, but she express her feelings unexpectedly in the battle against her. She is even spoiled for that. A women’s picture is a central theme to literature writings around the globe. The writings of Anita Nair is concerned with man, females, nature, true life, and social convention. She explores the existential struggle of her protagonists in most of her novels. Nair describes particularly, how Indian women are exploited, abused, marginalized even in the modern times both by individuals and by the society. Apart from the society women are tossed even by her family members. Anita Nair emphasizes the need for creating awareness in women. Her female protagonists are conscious of the injustice in marriage brought to them.Probably, the protagonists of Nair’s novels denies to flow along the current.  They seem to be adamant or aggressive, but the fact is that they underwent much pain and suffering. Apart from the pain the protagonists are the losers of life, respect, family, dignity and everything. This paper is an effort to bring to light the pathetic conditions of the protagonists,and to study the social, family and economic picture of women's suffering in life. Though the protagonist characters are brave, they seem pathetic and losers of a common simple life, they dream to live. Anita Nair defines circumstances or occurrences that harm or kill characters due to the aggressive nature of characters in her novels.

Sacred Trees in the Garden of Eden and Their Ancient Near Eastern Precursors

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-301
Author(s):  
Michaela Bauks
Keyword(s):  
Sacred Space ◽  
Tree Of Life ◽  
Wisdom Literature ◽  
Garden Of Eden ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
1 Enoch

Interpretations of the trees in the Garden of Eden misunderstand their significance by focusing on sin or a theological “fall.” A tradition-historical approach to the motif of trees in ancient Near Eastern literature and imagery reveals their multivalent quality. Trees are connected with fertility and goddess devotion but also with the power and divine sanction given to kings and dynasties, and with the potency of sacred space, on which humans and the divine come together and meet. As cross-temporal motifs, trees are regularly associated with life-giving and blessing (a plant of rejuvenation; a tree of life); a connection of trees to knowledge and meaning appears as well, in wisdom literature, and in the book of 1 Enoch. Language of a world tree or cosmic tree, though useful conceptually, is a modern imposition on the ancient evidence. More evident from the ancient setting is the image of felling trees, which indicates the downfall of human leaders, especially kings, because of their hubris. Ultimately, sacred trees have an ambivalent value, as a source of both contestation and progress.

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