Revenue

2020 ◽  
pp. 225-260
Author(s):  
Richard B. Collins ◽  
Dale A. Oesterle ◽  
Lawrence Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Public Debt ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
The State ◽  
Property Taxes ◽  
Tax Structure ◽  
Bill Of Rights ◽  
State Income Tax ◽  
State Income ◽  
Public Revenue ◽  
The Many

This chapter highlights Article X of the Colorado Constitution, dealing with revenue. It is one of the constitution’s most distinctive sections Detailed provisions lay out the state’s tax structure. Sections 3, 3.5, and 15 are extensive rules for property taxes and their equalization across the state. Sections 4 and 5 exempt public, religious, and charitable property. Sections 17 and 19 authorize and define the state income tax. Section 20, the Taxpayers Bill of Rights or TABOR requires prior voter consent to new or increased taxes and public debt and for public revenue above specified formulas. It also forbids specified taxes. The chapter explains in detail the many legal disputes about interpretation of this section.

Forecasting State Income Tax Collections: A New Approach

1978 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Reaume
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
The State ◽  
New Approach ◽  
State Income Tax ◽  
State Income ◽  
Complete Detail ◽  
The Law

This paper reports on an application of the microsimulation method to the estimation of income tax collections for the State of North Carolina. Detailed forecasts of Income distribution make it Possible to model the law in nearly complete detail. The model provides quarterly forecasts of collections disaggregated by withheld taxes, declarations payments, final payments, and refunds.

scholarly journals A Treatise on the Taxing Power, with Particular Application to the State Income Tax

1937 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1275
Author(s):  
Osmond K. Fraenkel ◽  
Walter K. Tuller
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
The State ◽  
State Income Tax ◽  
State Income

scholarly journals A Treatise on the Taxing Power with Particular Application to the State Income Tax

1937 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Walter L. Nossaman ◽  
Walter K. Tuller
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
The State ◽  
State Income Tax ◽  
State Income

scholarly journals The Impact of Federal and State Income Taxes on Timber Income in the Northeast and Midwest Following the 1986 Tax Reform Act

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Siegel ◽  
Harry L. Haney ◽  
Daniel M. Peters ◽  
Pete Bettinger ◽  
Debra S. Callihan
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Income Taxes ◽  
The State ◽  
High Income ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
State Income Tax ◽  
State Income

Abstract The structure and provisions of state income taxes are detailed for timber owners in 19 states of the Northeast and Midwest. Using 1994 federal and state income tax rules, the tax liability for a hypothetical married couple with timber sale income was calculated for two federal income tax rate brackets (medium and high income levels) for states in the Northeast and Midwest that impose an income tax. At the medium income level, the state portion of the total income tax liability ranged from 12.7% in Pennsylvania to 25.6% in Delaware. At the high income level, the state portion ranged from 11.1% in Pennsylvania to 24.9% in Minnesota. For both income levels, New Hampshire had the lowest state portion of the total tax liability when considering their business profits tax (12% for the medium and 7% for the high income level). The provision most significantly affecting state income tax liability was the tax rate schedule. Installment sales provide an alternative tax planning strategy for those timber owners who qualify as investors rather than a business and who are in the lowest federal tax bracket. Several states also impose taxes other than an income tax when timber is harvested. For example, Minnesota and New Hampshire both impose a minimum 10% yield tax on the timber's stumpage value. These levies significantly affect the total tax liability on harvest income. North. J. Appl. For. 13(1):8-15.

scholarly journals The Use Of Regression Analysis As Evidence In Litigating Tax-Related Issues

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
B. Anthony Billings ◽  
D. Larry Crumbley
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Property Taxes ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
State Income Tax ◽  
Tax State ◽  
Federal Income Tax ◽  
State Income

<span>Despite numerous published academic articles concerning the application of regression analysis as an accounting tool, its applicability as a tool in litigating tax matters has been largely ignored. This research documents the extent to which regression analysis has been used to adjudicate tax issues and points out conditions under which regression-based conclusions are considered legitimate evidence. A number of court decisions regarding federal income tax, state income tax and property taxes are reviewed to illustrate the extent to which regression analysis has been applied, its effectiveness, and implications for future adjudication of tax issues. Evidence from the reviewed court decisions indicates that regression analysis may be successfully used to uncover relevant facts, estimates or projections. However, the credibility of such evidence will depend on the observance of the underlying regression analysis assumptions and on the experts understanding of the phenomenon under study. The use of regression analysis to conduct legal analysis (for example, predicting the outcome of litigation) is of little utility in the courtroom.</span>

The effect of a state income tax on migration: the example of Connecticut

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-140
Author(s):  
Whitney B. Afonso
Keyword(s):  
Tax Policy ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
State Level ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Income Taxes ◽  
The State ◽  
State Income Tax ◽  
State Income ◽  
Income Tax Policy ◽  
The Impact

AbstractState-level income tax policy is a hotly debated topic in both academic and political spheres. Although economic theory and some empirical analyses suggest that larger income tax burdens affect migration decisions, there is also a good deal of empirical evidence showing that tax policy has little to no effect. This lack of consensus in the academic literature is echoed in the political world, where many states are debating whether to eliminate income taxes or reduce rates as a means of spurring economic growth. Connecticut’s adoption of an income tax policy in 1991 provides a unique opportunity to analyse the impact of a sizable income tax policy change on migration. The results suggest that Connecticut’s income tax deterred movement into the state but had no impact on exit from the state, resulting in a net loss in migration.

The Impact of Federal and State Income Taxes on Timber Income in the West Following the 1986 Tax Reform Act

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Pete Bettinger ◽  
H. L. Haney ◽  
W. C. Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Income Level ◽  
The State ◽  
High Income ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Planning Strategy ◽  
State Income Tax ◽  
State Income ◽  
Timber Sale ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Nineteen eighty-eight federal and state income tax liabilities for a hypothetical nonindustrial private forest landowner case were calculated for 13 western states. The state portion of the total income tax liability for the passive case (without timber sale revenue) ranged from 15% in Arizona, California, and Colorado to 25% in Hawaii for the medium income level. It ranged from 12% in Arizona and Colorado to 20% in Hawaii for the high income level. The state portion for the active case (with timber sale revenue) ranged from 12% in Arizona and Colorado to 21% in Hawaii, and from 10% in Arizona to 19% in Hawaii for the medium and high income levels, respectively. Federal income tax deductions, capital gain exclusions, and tax rates are the most important state provisions affecting state income tax liability. The installment sale method of reporting timber sale revenue was used as one alternative tax planning strategy. Timber sale revenue was spread over a 2-year period to reduce the amount of taxable income subject to higher marginal rates. In the Oregon hypothetical case, the landowners who elected to use the installment sale method would save $1,240 and $616 at the medium and high income levels, respectively. West. J. Appl. For. 6(1):15-20.

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