What She Did for Love

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-98
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Schindler
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Double Helix ◽  
Chemical Model ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dna Double Helix ◽  
Husband And Wife

This chapter reviews the marked asymmetry exhibited by the Lederberg collaboration. After 1958 when he won the Noble Prize, Joshua’s career took off while Esther’s sharply declined. For the awards ceremonies in Stockholm, Esther was demoted to Nobel wife. Coincidentally, 1958 was the year that Rosalind Franklin died, which disqualified her for sharing the Nobel Prize for the discovery of the DNA double helix. Franklin’s exceptional X-ray diffraction micrographs of DNA provided the critical evidence for Watson and Crick’s chemical model of DNA. In 1947, Gerty and Carl Cori were the first scientific couple to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. An exceptional complementarity distinguished the Cori relationship. More often, husband and wife collaborations are asymmetric: for six out of the seven other couples who earned one Nobel Prize, the husband alone received the award. Unlike most of their colleagues, B. O. Dodge congratulated both Lederbergs for achieving together the Nobel Prize.

scholarly journals The Importance and Challenges for Analytical Chemistry in Proteomics Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10Years) ◽  
pp. 51-73
Author(s):  
Weliton Batiston ◽  
Emanuel Carrilho
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Double Helix ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Proteomics Analysis ◽  
Linus Pauling ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Francis Crick ◽  
Double Helix Structure ◽  
The Right ◽  
Dna Double Helix

Although Linus Pauling had an exceptional scientific contribution to the study of chemical bonds, reported in his book The Nature of Chemical Bond, the lousy image he got for the X-ray diffraction drove him to an unstable structure with an unreal DNA triple helix publication. Oppositely, for the consecration of James Watson & Francis Crick, they had the opportunity to enter science history using the right image of X-ray to propose the famous DNA double helix structure correctly. This chapter of science is an excellent example of how analytical chemistry performance affects horizons and scientific advances. Today the complexity of the systems is more significant and understanding how all proteins truly work into cells and organisms is the current challenge from proteomics. Comprehending how analysis is carried out and how instruments work could promote new insights to improve the analytical performance in proteomics. Here we described an overview based on our expertise on the analytical chemistry toolkit for proteomics analysis: shotgun, bottom-up, middle-down, top-down, and native proteomics, and their inherent instrumentation technologies. In addition, a detailed discussion of the analytical figures of merit in proteomics analysis is provided. We also address the limitations in multidimensional liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry platforms. Furthermore, we present some perspectives in bioinformatics, mathematical modeling simulations, and chemometrics tools, as well.

Time-resolved X-ray diffraction studies of the B in equilibrium D structural transition in the DNA double helix

Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 233 (4760) ◽  
pp. 195-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Mahendrasingam ◽  
V. Forsyth ◽  
R Hussain ◽  
R. Greenall ◽  
W. Pigram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Transition ◽  
Double Helix ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dna Double Helix

scholarly journals Water–DNA interactions as studied by X–ray and neutron fibre diffraction

2004 ◽  
Vol 359 (1448) ◽  
pp. 1237-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Watson Fuller ◽  
Trevor Forsyth ◽  
Arumugam Mahendrasingam
Keyword(s):  
Structural Information ◽  
Double Helix ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Molecular Conformations ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Fibre Diffraction ◽  
Dna Double Helix ◽  
High Degree

X–ray fibre–diffraction studies indicate a high degree of stereochemical specificity in interactions between water and the DNA double helix. Evidence for this comes from data that show that the molecular conformations assumed by DNA in fibres are highly reproducible and that the hydration–driven transitions between these conformations are fully reversible. These conformational transitions are induced by varying the relative humidity of the fibre environment and hence its water content. Further evidence for stereochemical specificity comes from the observed dependence of the conformation assumed on the ionic content of the fibre and the nucleotide sequence of the DNA. For some transitions, information on stereochemical pathways has come from real–time X–ray fibre diffraction using synchrotron radiation; information on the location of water with respect to the double helix for a number of DNA conformations has come from neutron fibre diffraction. This structural information from fibre–diffraction studies of DNA is complemented by information from X–ray single–crystal studies of oligonucleotides. If the biochemical processes involving DNA have evolved to exploit the structural features observed in DNA fibres and oligonucleotide single crystals, the challenges in developing alternatives to a water environment can be expected to be very severe.

Oriented overgrowth of acicular maghemite crystals on quartz

Clay Minerals ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Abreu ◽  
M. O. Figueiredo ◽  
J. C. Waerenborgh ◽  
J. M. P. Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Infrared Absorption ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Chemical Model ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Absorption Data ◽  
Oriented Growth ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Southern Portugal

AbstractMaghemite with acicular morphology occurs as an oriented growth on fresh quartz surfaces in the magnetic sandy fraction of the B horizon of a Typic Rhodoxeralf from southern Portugal. The maghemite was characterized by Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy (scanning and transmission), and on the basis of a structural similarity between quartz and maghemite, a mechanism has been proposed for the formation of the oriented overgrowth. Correlation with an interpretative chemical model is discussed, assuming active sites over quartz surfaces. Infrared absorption data agree with the proposed models.

scholarly journals Potential for measurement of the distribution of DNA folds in complex environments using Correlated X-ray Scattering

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (08) ◽  
pp. 1650117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gundolf Schenk ◽  
Brad Krajina ◽  
Andrew Spakowitz ◽  
Sebastian Doniach
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Double Helix ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Length Scales ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Dna Double Helix ◽  
Ray Scattering

In vivo chromosomal behavior is dictated by the organization of genomic DNA at length scales ranging from nanometers to microns. At these disparate scales, the DNA conformation is influenced by a range of proteins that package, twist and disentangle the DNA double helix, leading to a complex hierarchical structure that remains undetermined. Thus, there is a critical need for methods of structural characterization of DNA that can accommodate complex environmental conditions over biologically relevant length scales. Based on multiscale molecular simulations, we report on the possibility of measuring supercoiling in complex environments using angular correlations of scattered X-rays resulting from X-ray free electron laser (xFEL) experiments. We recently demonstrated the observation of structural detail for solutions of randomly oriented metallic nanoparticles [D. Mendez et al., Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B 360 (2014) 20130315]. Here, we argue, based on simulations, that correlated X-ray scattering (CXS) has the potential for measuring the distribution of DNA folds in complex environments, on the scale of a few persistence lengths.

X-Ray diffraction analyses of the natural isoquinoline alkaloids Berberine and Sanguinarine complexed with double helix DNA d(CGTACG)

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (17) ◽  
pp. 4917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Ferraroni ◽  
Carla Bazzicalupi ◽  
Anna Rita Bilia ◽  
Paola Gratteri
Keyword(s):  
Double Helix ◽  
Isoquinoline Alkaloids ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

X-ray diffraction studies of polysaccharide sulphates: Double helix models for κ- and ι-carrageenans

1969 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.S. Anderson ◽  
J.W. Campbell ◽  
M.M. Harding ◽  
D.A. Rees ◽  
J.W.B. Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Double Helix ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray
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