Relation of child to adult templates, II

2019 ◽  
pp. 224-261
Author(s):  
Marilyn May Vihman
Keyword(s):  
Short Forms ◽  
Minimal Word ◽  
Australian English

This chapter draws on informal or slang usage to look for parallels with child template use. Three sets of data are analysed in some detail. Clippings with suffixation are illustrated with both French and Estonian short forms and hypocoristics; similar patterns are cited for Australian English. The short forms in each case adhere to the minimal word constraints of the language in question, with French forms in -o fitting into one or two iambic feet while the Estonian forms, ending in obstruent+s, largely constitute a single heavy (monosyllabic) foot. Rhyming compounds are analysed for English. A strong bias is identified for the second word to begin with a labial, with parallels also cited in Hungarian. All of these adult template patterns are shown to stipulate both prosodic and segmental elements.

The S-SH Confusion Test and the Effects of Frequency Lowering

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1486-1505
Author(s):  
Joshua M. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Nonlinear Frequency ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Frequency Compression ◽  
Negative Side ◽  
Minimal Word ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Negative Side Effects

PurposeFrequency lowering in hearing aids can cause listeners to perceive [s] as [ʃ]. The S-SH Confusion Test, which consists of 66 minimal word pairs spoken by 6 female talkers, was designed to help clinicians and researchers document these negative side effects. This study's purpose was to use this new test to evaluate the hypothesis that these confusions will increase to the extent that low frequencies are altered.MethodTwenty-one listeners with normal hearing were each tested on 7 conditions. Three were control conditions that were low-pass filtered at 3.3, 5.0, and 9.1 kHz. Four conditions were processed with nonlinear frequency compression (NFC): 2 had a 3.3-kHz maximum audible output frequency (MAOF), with a start frequency (SF) of 1.6 or 2.2 kHz; 2 had a 5.0-kHz MAOF, with an SF of 1.6 or 4.0 kHz. Listeners' responses were analyzed using concepts from signal detection theory. Response times were also collected as a measure of cognitive processing.ResultsOverall, [s] for [ʃ] confusions were minimal. As predicted, [ʃ] for [s] confusions increased for NFC conditions with a lower versus higher MAOF and with a lower versus higher SF. Response times for trials with correct [s] responses were shortest for the 9.1-kHz control and increased for the 5.0- and 3.3-kHz controls. NFC response times were also significantly longer as MAOF and SF decreased. The NFC condition with the highest MAOF and SF had statistically shorter response times than its control condition, indicating that, under some circumstances, NFC may ease cognitive processing.ConclusionsLarge differences in the S-SH Confusion Test across frequency-lowering conditions show that it can be used to document a major negative side effect associated with frequency lowering. Smaller but significant differences in response times for correct [s] trials indicate that NFC can help or hinder cognitive processing, depending on its settings.

Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Long and Short Forms of the Worry Domains Questionnaire

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-243
Author(s):  
Roberto Nuevo ◽  
Andrés Losada ◽  
María Márquez-González ◽  
Cecilia Peñacoba
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Factorial Validity ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Short Forms ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Future Work

The Worry Domains Questionnaire was proposed as a measure of both pathological and nonpathological worry, and assesses the frequency of worrying about five different domains: relationships, lack of confidence, aimless future, work, and financial. The present study analyzed the factor structure of the long and short forms of the WDQ (WDQ and WDQ-SF, respectively) through confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of 262 students (M age = 21.8; SD = 2.6; 86.3% females). While the goodness-of-fit indices did not provide support for the WDQ, good fit indices were found for the WDQ-SF. Furthermore, no source of misspecification was identified, thus, supporting the factorial validity of the WDQ-SF scale. Significant positive correlations between the WDQ-SF and its subscales with worry (PSWQ), anxiety (STAI-T), and depression (BDI) were found. The internal consistency was good for the total scale and for the subscales. This work provides support for the use of the WDQ-SF, and potential uses for research and clinical purposes are discussed.

Short Forms of the WAIS-III

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Ryan ◽  
L. C. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Short Forms

Classification Accuracy of Sequentially Administered WAIS-IV Short Forms

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Kreiner ◽  
Joseph J. Ryan ◽  
Samuel T. Gontkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Short Forms

Test-retest stability of eight WISC-IV selected subtest short forms

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Ryan ◽  
Karrol A. Tait ◽  
David S. Kreiner
Keyword(s):  
Short Forms

Dysfunctional Attitude Scale-Short Forms

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher G. Beevers ◽  
David R. Strong ◽  
Björn Meyer ◽  
Paul A. Pilkonis ◽  
Ivan W. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Short Forms ◽  
Dysfunctional Attitude ◽  
Dysfunctional Attitude Scale

P041 DEVELOPMENT OF PROMIS PEDIATRIC PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOME SHORT FORMS FOR FATIGUE AND PAIN INTERFERENCE IN CHILDREN WITH CROHN’S DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. S101-S102
Author(s):  
Julia Schuchard ◽  
Michael Kappelman ◽  
Andrew Grossman ◽  
Jennifer Clegg ◽  
Christopher Forrest
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome ◽  
Pain Interference ◽  
Short Forms ◽  
Patient Reported

Snapshots of tellings in interactions between adults and children aged two, three and three and a half in an Australian context

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 119-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Filipi
Keyword(s):  
Social Activity ◽  
Second Child ◽  
Object A ◽  
Birthday Party ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Australian English

This paper examines how and by whom tellings with two young children are triggered at ages 23, 36 and 42 months. The data for the investigation is derived from a larger Australian English corpus of over 50 hours of interactions in the home, although one of the children is a bilingual Italian/ English-speaking child. The data is derived from two parent/child dyads, and in the case of the child aged 42 months, a triadic interaction between a mother, her own child and a second child. Using the micro-analytic methods of conversation analysis, the study analyses five samples of tellings. The first two describe how a child, Cassandra, aged 23 months, is invited to recount events of her day by her parents. The trigger for these tellings is the social activity of sharing everyday routine events. The next two samples focus on Rosie at 36 months who is also invited to share a telling by her parent about a birthday party celebration and one about a neighbourhood cat, Claude. The first telling is triggered by an object, a balloon from a birthday party from the day before, while the second is triggered by play involving the character of a cat, initially derived from a favourite story, Hairy Maclary. In the final sample, Cassandra, aged 42 months, initiates a telling about an experience at her grandmother’s which is trigged by a picture in a book. The analyses in each case reveal the interactional issues that arise in the action of telling and how these are dealt with by all participants. By focusing on the three ages, key features in the children’s participation in storytelling are uncovered.

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