Two Cheers For Anti-Atomism
Pierre Duhem’s celebrated writings on methodology have been profoundly misunderstood through a failure to consider the thermomechanical framework in which he worked. In particular, little attention has been paid to the carefully layered manner in which Duhem outfits “temperature” and “entropy” with a reliable range of real-world applications. These architectural underpinnings derive from the fundamental utilities that thermal vocabularies offer: codifying the energetic degradations that inevitably arise within a physical system as time wears on. Duhem’s cogent analysis of thermal usage supplies detailed insight into the gradualist manners in which other forms of descriptive vocabulary adapt themselves successfully to the requirements of the physical world. These studies should serve as a valuable corrective to popular semantic views in which traits like “temperature” are assigned simplistic “natural kinds” referents.