Parallelizable Manifolds

Author(s):  
Ercüment H. Ortaçgil

In this chapter, absolute parallelism is formulated in an equivalent form in terms of a splitting, and the language necessary for this formulation is developed.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Chen ◽  
Bicheng Yang

AbstractIn this article, by using weight functions, the idea of introducing parameters, the reverse extended Hardy–Hilbert integral inequality and the techniques of real analysis, a reverse Hardy–Hilbert-type integral inequality involving one derivative function and the beta function is obtained. The equivalent statements of the best possible constant factor related to several parameters are considered. The equivalent form, the cases of non-homogeneous kernel and some particular inequalities are also presented.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingshou Huang ◽  
Bicheng Yang

AbstractBy the use of the weight coefficients, the idea of introduced parameters and the technique of real analysis, a more accurate Hilbert-type inequality in the whole plane with the general homogeneous kernel is given, which is an extension of the more accurate Hardy–Hilbert’s inequality. An equivalent form is obtained. The equivalent statements of the best possible constant factor related to several parameters, the operator expressions and a few particular cases are considered.


2008 ◽  
Vol 05 (07) ◽  
pp. 1109-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
NABIL. L. YOUSSEF ◽  
A. M. SID-AHMED

In this paper, we study Absolute Parallelism (AP-) geometry on the tangent bundle TM of a manifold M. Accordingly, all geometric objects defined in this geometry are not only functions of the positional argument x, but also depend on the directional argument y. Moreover, many new geometric objects, which have no counterpart in the classical AP-geometry, emerge in this different framework. We refer to such a geometry as an Extended Absolute Parallelism (EAP-) geometry. The building blocks of the EAP-geometry are a nonlinear connection (assumed given a priori) and 2n linearly independent vector fields (of special form) defined globally on TM defining the parallelization. Four different d-connections are used to explore the properties of this geometry. Simple and compact formulae for the curvature tensors and the W-tensors of the four defined d-connections are obtained, expressed in terms of the torsion and the contortion tensors of the EAP-space. Further conditions are imposed on the canonical d-connection assuming that it is of Cartan type (resp. Berwald type). Important consequences of these assumptions are investigated. Finally, a special form of the canonical d-connection is studied under which the classical AP-geometry is recovered naturally from the EAP-geometry. Physical aspects of some of the geometric objects investigated are pointed out and possible physical implications of the EAP-space are discussed, including an outline of a generalized field theory on the tangent bundle TM of M.


1992 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Ong ◽  
James L. Summers

A Beckman Type RM Dynograph was used to record the eye movements of 26 professional college men, once without spectacle corrections and then with piano lenses on a trial frame, during reading equivalent print at a distance of 33 cm. Amplitudes of the return-sweep velocity on these two trials were used to calculate an equivalent form reliability coefficient. A Pearson r of 0.88 indicates that their reliability is moderately high, meaning that both the desirable as well as the undesirable reading habits are probably deeply rooted by college, and imply that any reading remediation or improvement training should be performed at some much earlier stages to be efficiently effective.


2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIAN-ZE LI

In this article, we study the Mazur–Ulam property of the sum of two strictly convex Banach spaces. We give an equivalent form of the isometric extension problem and two equivalent conditions to decide whether all strictly convex Banach spaces admit the Mazur–Ulam property. We also find necessary and sufficient conditions under which the $\ell ^{1}$-sum and the $\ell ^{\infty }$-sum of two strictly convex Banach spaces admit the Mazur–Ulam property.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prima Mytra
Keyword(s):  

Dengan adanya pengujian dari hasil sebuah penelitian atau yang sering disebut dengan uji reliabilitas maka penelitian yang dihasilkan akan memiliki sebuah mutu yang berkualitas. Karena penelitian yang sudah melalui uji penelitian sudah dianggap bagus dan memenuhi standart.Ada tiga teknik dasar yang dapat diterapkan oleh peneliti dalam menguji Reliabilitas suatu penelitian yaitu:1.Teknik pengukuran ulang (test-retest)2.Teknik belah dua3.Teknik paralel (equivalent form)Factor-faktor yang mempengaruhi reliabilitas adalah waktu pengujian tes, dan factor lain diantaranya yaitu;1.Panjang test dan kualitas butir soal2.Berhubungan dengan tercoba (objek)3.Metode tes ulang4.Metode belah dua5.Kesulitan tes


Author(s):  
Рехман ◽  
Nazir Rekhman ◽  
Хуссейн ◽  
Zakir Khusseyn ◽  
Али ◽  
...  

This work is devoted to the analysis and evolution of the value function of American type options on a dividend paying stock under jump diffusion processes. An equivalent form of the value function is obtained and analyzed. Moreover, variational inequalities satisfied by this function are investigated. These results can be used to investigate the optimal hedging strategies and optimal exercise boundaries of the corresponding options.


2021 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 01020
Author(s):  
Kaoutar Ouarid ◽  
Abdellatif El Assoudi ◽  
Jalal Soulami ◽  
El Hassane El Yaagoubi

This paper investigates the problem of observer design for simultaneous states and faults estimation for a class of discrete-time descriptor linear models in presence of actuator and sensor faults. The idea of the present result is based on the second equivalent form of implicit model [1] which permits to separate the differential and algebraic equations in the considered singular model, and the use of an explicit augmented model structure. At that stage, an observer is built to estimate simultaneously the unknown states, the actuator faults, and the sensor faults. Next, the explicit structure of the augmented model is established. Then, an observer is built to estimate simultaneously the unknown states, the actuator faults, and the sensor faults. By using the Lyapunov approach, the convergence of the state estimation error of the augmented system is analyzed, and the observer’s gain matrix is achieved by solving only one linear matrix inequality (LMI). At long last, an illustrative model is given to show the performance and capability of the proposed strategy.


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