Resources for Historical Background

Author(s):  
Jeannette Brown

Many historians have written about the history of African Americans in science, but most of the articles focus only on the men and very little is written about the women. It would take additional research to find information pertaining only to the women. However, since both men and women lived through the same era, much of what affected the men also affected the women. The background information about black women chemists could probably fit into another book or at least a paper, but that was not within the scope of this book. Dr. Wini Warren, author of Black Women Scientists in the United States, did some extensive research on the background history of black women in science, which she planned to put into a future book; due to health problems it was never written. However, the Introduction to Dr. Warren’s book is well worth reading for some of the background history of the women. The endnotes in that chapter provide an extensive bibliography about the history of blacks in science. In addition, Dr. Warren includes an extensive discussion about the background history of black women scientists in the introduction of her thesis, “Hearts and Minds: Black Women Scientists in the United States 1900–1960.” Sisters in Science by Diann Jordan features author interviews of black women scientists, some of whom are chemists. The Introduction of her book, discusses the background history. Dr. Jordan also includes a history of black colleges in the section “The Role of the Black College in Educating African American Scientists.” Since many of the women in this book had their first college education in a black college, it is worth reading. Information about several of the African American women chemists in this book can be found in Contributions of Black Women to America, Volume 2. The Introduction and Chapter 1 in the “Science” section give some background information about the history of women in science.

Isis ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 631-632
Author(s):  
Karen Patricia Williams

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn M. Moehling ◽  
Melissa A. Thomasson

The ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 officially granted voting rights to women across the United States. However, many states extended full or partial suffrage to women before the federal amendment. In this paper, we discuss the history of women's enfranchisement using an economic lens. We examine the demand side, discussing the rise of the women's movement and its alliances with other social movements, and describe how suffragists put pressure on legislators. On the supply side, we draw from theoretical models of suffrage extension to explain why men shared the right to vote with women. Finally, we review empirical studies that attempt to distinguish between competing explanations. We find that no single theory can explain women's suffrage in the United States and note that while the Nineteenth Amendment extended the franchise to women, state-level barriers to voting limited the ability of black women to exercise that right until the Voting Rights Act of 1965.


2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Andina Ichsani ◽  
Zainal Rafli ◽  
Nuruddin Nuruddin

Abstract: Biography consists of life’s story in a unique record form, a narrative impulse, establishes the importance of stories, and provides an open illustrative example of the analysis of an adult learner's story. This paper provides a step-by-step account of how a researcher conducted a narrative research study analysis and developed an organizational structure useful for other qualitative researchers. Prof.Toni Morrison as purposeful sampling is widely recognized as a first lady of literature in American’s prominent novelist, who magnificently explores the minority life of the black people identity to the surface in The United States of America, especially that of black women story. Her Nobel Prize Lecture, in which she consistence tells a story of a black woman, history of slavery, racism, post colonialism, and education rights for all. Her life story and contributions in education through literature space can be regarded as a shaper of Prof. Morrison’s today and the look of education equality. In her 85th she is still teaching, being mother, and continue writing as her passions. Several interviews dialogue between the journalists through her novels and the young people is full of inspirational stories, wisdom and profoundness. Her life story is indeed worth to learn as a study material especially in English Language and Literature proficiency.   


Author(s):  
Angela K. Ahlgren

The chapter uses autoethnography and personal interviews to illustrate the experiences of white and black women in taiko. Given that a majority of taiko players in the United States are Asian American, taiko is a rare site in which white bodies are seen not as normal but rather as remarkable. Some black women, however, are seen as more American than their Asian and Asian American groupmates. In addition to the impact of racial identity, white and black women also experience taiko as open to a range of gender expressions and as an empowering art form. The chapter examines the ways white, black, and Asian American performers are triangulated and how taiko players experience whiteness and blackness as embodied, lived experience. The chapter traces the history of Iris Shiraishi’s song “Torii” to suggest that taiko has potential to forge productive cross-racial intimacies.


Author(s):  
Monika Paliszewska-Mojsiuk

The third wave of Chinese immigration to the United States of America This article offers an exploration of the history of the third wave of Chinese immigration to the USA which began after 1943. After a brief introduction to previous legislation promoting Chinese exclusion from America, the article provides a detailed description of immigration policies that influenced the influx of Chinese. Moreover, it considers background information relating to the socio-economic challenges that the Chinese faced in their new homeland. Chinese Americans also experienced cultural alienation, which they expressed, among other ways, in literature. After years of exclusion, since the second half of the 20th century, Chinese may finally immigrate to the United States on equal terms to those enjoyed by representatives of other nationalities.


1919 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 414-414
Author(s):  
No authorship indicated

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