Zhuangzi (369 BC)

Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Wen Haiming

This chapter examines Zhuangzi, an influential Daoist text written by Zhuang Zhou and named after the Daoist thinker Zhuang Zi (or Chuang-Tzu, c.369–286 BC). It discusses Zhuangzi’s emphasis on the philosopher’s wisdom regarding political and social management, its concept of personal realization, and its concern with social and political order. It also considers Daoism’s notion of wuwei in relation to wuwo (no self), wudai (no reliance), wugong (no merit), and wuming (no name). Furthermore, it looks at the wholeness, equality, relatedness, and relativity of wanwu, along with the organizational implications of Zhuangzi, and the connection between Daoist thinking and organizational management.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Agustín De la Herrán Gascón
Keyword(s):  

La Didáctica es un centro de la Pedagogía. Pero la Pedagogía está descentrada, porque está desenraizada. Por tanto, el centro de la Didáctica no es el centro de la formación plena, comprendida como fenómeno. Hay un abismo entre el fenómeno y el conocimiento del fenómeno. Cuando, con sed, se bebe de una vasija de oro, el agua en su hueco es el centro. Si la mirada se engarza al recipiente y no al seno y al agua, será que se es idiota. Dice Zhuang zi (1999), un maestro de la Didáctica basada en la conciencia, que: “La nasa sirve para coger peces; cogido el pez, olvídate de la nasa”. Pero una nasa abierta no es útil: demasiado hueco desapercibido. También observa que “Reconocerse idiota es ya no ser muy idiota; reconocer el propio error es no estar ya en gran error. El gran error es el que nunca se llega a entender. La gran idiotez es la que dura toda la vida sin esclarecerla” (Chuang tzu, 1977).   El tiempo se acumula, tiempo sin reacción esencial de la Didáctica. Continuar el camino, fortalecerse, desarrollarse, no caerse… no equivalen, necesariamente, a marchar bien o a favorecer a los demás. De hecho, “los errores pueden ser consecuencia de haber pensado bien” (Saramago, 2000). Esto ocurre cuando, pudiendo haber aciertos miopes, no hay conciencia suficiente. La clave para la Didáctica no es el pensamiento, sino la conciencia. Para Zhuang zi (1999): “¡El no conocer es conocer! ¡Y el conocer es no conocer! ¿Quién conoce el conocimiento que consiste en no conocer?”. El centro de la formación no está en el pensar, en el conocimiento, el saber, la competencia, sino en el no saber, en la conciencia, en el autoconocimiento (esencial) y en la meditación. De lo anterior se deduce un posible tránsito evolutivo: de una Didáctica vigente, fundamentada en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje, a una Didáctica emergente y ancestral, basada en la conciencia de todos y en una educación plena. Sostenemos que esta “otra nueva educación” (Herrán, 1993, 1996), podría contar con una Didáctica así. El objetivo de este ensayo es mostrarlo y compartirlo.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Martin Van Bruinessen

Ali Ezzatyar, The Last Mufti of Iranian Kurdistan: Ethnic and Religious Implications in the Greater Middle East. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016. xv + 246 pp., (ISBN 978-1-137-56525-9 hardback).For a brief period in 1979, when the Kurds had begun confronting Iran’s new Islamic revolutionary regime and were voicing demands for autonomy and cultural rights, Ahmad Moftizadeh was one of the most powerful men in Iranian Kurdistan. He was the only Kurdish leader who shared the new regime’s conviction that a just social and political order could be established on the basis of Islamic principles. The other Kurdish movements were firmly secular, even though many of their supporters were personally pious Muslims.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 292
Author(s):  
Marfunizah Ma'dan ◽  
Muhamad Takiyuddin Ismail ◽  
Sity Daud

Intensity to produce a quality human capital is not sufficient by having basic skills for certain field only. The need to have a competitive attitude to enhance their level of competency is much concern for many employers nowadays. Hence, this study is conducted to identify the competitiveness factors that influence the level of competency among graduates, especially who employed in the service sector in Malaysia. This study used survey methods by distributing questionnaires for data collection. The study used stratified purposive sampling by distributing a questionnaire to 450 graduates from 13 services sectors based on a statistic from the Ministry of Higher Education 2016. The finding from the exploratory factor analysis found that seven competitiveness factors were consisting of 47 items that form the competitiveness attitude among graduates. However, based on multiple linear regression analysis, only five models of competitiveness factors have a significant relationship with graduates’ competency which are job competitiveness, organizational management competitiveness, dominant competitiveness, goal competitiveness and self-improvement competitiveness. In fact, aggressive competitiveness and general competitiveness does not influence graduates’ competency level significantly. Thus, the more competitive attitude of graduates such as emotional control, innovation, and competitiveness to be the best is vital for their future marketability. In addition, it is hoped that their level of competence can be enhanced through the development of competitive factors for the advancement of the country's higher education talent.


2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (62) ◽  
pp. 66-81
Author(s):  
Adriana M. Moreno Moreno ◽  
Eduar Fernando Aguirre González

Social Responsibility is a concept that has been approached from different perspectives by theoreticians and institutions. Initially, this was limited exclusively to companies, however, the creation of the Social Capital, Ethics and Development Initiative by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) sought to make educational institutions aware that, like any other organization, they are responsible for the externalities they generate in their environment and their stakeholders. This research approaches the concept of University Social Responsibility (USR) from the scheme proposed by the IDB, which proposes four axes of action for Universities’ CR: Responsible Campus, Professional and Citizen Training, Social Management of Knowledge and Social Participation. The Universidad del Valle has a strategic plan entitled “Universidad del Valle’s Strategic Development Plan” and Regionalization attached thereto. It has also developed its action plan and in the five strategic issues raised herein, its socially responsible approach is clearly identifiable. The North Cauca Facility wherein this study is being developed, even though it does not have a University Social Responsibility Management Model, has attempted to align its practices with its strategic affairs that broadly conform to the four axes proposed by the IDB. This research addresses a relevant and current issue inasmuch as it proposes to develop a diagnosis on the relationship between the four axes of Social Responsibility proposed by the IDB and the practice of Social Responsibility applied at the Universidad del Valle, North Cauca Facility, for the period 2014-2015. In order to answer the research problem, a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive type of study is used, given that the work was based on the documentary information available at the University, while the interviews with the directors of the Institution are used as a tool for oral history. The research method used is the case study, which allows to address a unit of analysis in depth, in this case the USR within the Universidad del Valle, North Cauca Facility.


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