scholarly journals Weak scale from Planck scale: Mass scale generation in a classically conformal two-scalar system

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichi Haruna ◽  
Hikaru Kawai
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Field ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
Weak Scale ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The One

Abstract In the standard model, the weak scale is the only parameter with mass dimensions. This means that the standard model itself cannot explain the origin of the weak scale. On the other hand, from the results of recent accelerator experiments, except for some small corrections, the standard model has increased the possibility of being an effective theory up to the Planck scale. From these facts, it is naturally inferred that the weak scale is determined by some dynamics from the Planck scale. In order to answer this question, we rely on the multiple point criticality principle as a clue and consider the classically conformal $\mathbb{Z}_2\times \mathbb{Z}_2$ invariant two-scalar model as a minimal model in which the weak scale is generated dynamically from the Planck scale. This model contains only two real scalar fields and does not contain any fermions or gauge fields. In this model, due to a Coleman–Weinberg-like mechanism, the one-scalar field spontaneously breaks the $ \mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry with a vacuum expectation value connected with the cutoff momentum. We investigate this using the one-loop effective potential, renormalization group and large-$N$ limit. We also investigate whether it is possible to reproduce the mass term and vacuum expectation value of the Higgs field by coupling this model with the standard model in the Higgs portal framework. In this case, the one-scalar field that does not break $\mathbb{Z}_2$ can be a candidate for dark matter and have a mass of about several TeV in appropriate parameters. On the other hand, the other scalar field breaks $\mathbb{Z}_2$ and has a mass of several tens of GeV. These results will be verifiable in near-future experiments.

$B_0\bar B_0$-Mixing Involving Supersymmetry

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (06) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Urban ◽  
F. Krauss ◽  
Ch. Hofmann ◽  
G. Soff
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Supersymmetric Standard Model ◽  
Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model ◽  
Higgs Mass ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation Value ◽  
Feynman Diagrams ◽  
Lower Edge ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
The Standard Model

We calculate all relevant Feynman-diagrams in lowest order for [Formula: see text]-mixing. We add to the Standard Model (SM) two scalar Higgs-doublets and take into account the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). Within the Standard Model which has been extended by two Higgs-doublets we find the following relation between the Higgs-mass and its vacuum expectation value (vev): mH=5000/7(au-0.43). Inclusion of the MSSM pushes the value of Vtd to the lower edge of the experimentally allowed range.

scholarly journals Scalar leptoquarks in leptonic processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Crivellin ◽  
Christoph Greub ◽  
Dario Müller ◽  
Francesco Saturnino
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Magnetic Moment ◽  
Anomalous Magnetic Moment ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation Value ◽  
Lepton Flavor ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The One ◽  
Scalar Leptoquarks

Abstract Leptoquarks are hypothetical new particles, which couple quarks directly to leptons. They experienced a renaissance in recent years as they are prime candidates to explain the so-called flavor anomalies, i.e. the deviations between the Standard Model predictions and measurements in b → sℓ+ℓ− and b → cτν processes and in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. At the one-loop level these particles unavoidably generate effects in the purely leptonic processes like Z → ℓ+ℓ−, Z →$$ v\overline{v} $$ v v ¯ , W → ℓν and h → ℓ+ℓ− and can even generate non-zero rates for lepton flavor violating processes such as ℓ → ℓ′γ, Z → ℓ+ℓ′−, h → ℓ+ℓ′− and ℓ → 3ℓ′. In this article we calculate these processes for all five representations of scalar Leptoquarks. We include their most general interaction terms with the Standard Model Higgs boson, which leads to Leptoquark mixing after the former acquires a vacuum expectation value. In our phenomenological analysis we investigate the effects in modified lepton couplings to electroweak gauge bosons, we study the correlations of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon with h → μ+μ− and Z → μ+μ− as well as the interplay between different lepton flavor violating decays.

scholarly journals UTILITY OF A SPECIAL SECOND SCALAR DOUBLET

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (09) ◽  
pp. 647-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERNEST MA
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Neutrino Mass ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation Value ◽  
Grand Unification ◽  
Particle Interactions ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
The Standard Model

This review deals with the recent resurgence of interest in adding a second scalar doublet (η+, η0) to the Standard Model of particle interactions. In most studies, it is taken for granted that η0 should have a nonzero vacuum expectation value, even if it may be very small. What if there is an exactly conserved symmetry which ensures 〈η0 〉 = 0? The phenomenological ramifications of this idea include dark matter, radiative neutrino mass, leptogenesis, and grand unification.

scholarly journals Scale-invariance, dynamically induced Planck scale and inflation in the Palatini formulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2105 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
Ioannis D. Gialamas ◽  
Alexandros Karam ◽  
Thomas D. Pappas ◽  
Antonio Racioppi ◽  
Vassilis C. Spanos
Keyword(s):  
Scale Invariance ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation Value ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
Hilbert Action

Abstract We present two scale invariant models of inflation in which the addition of quadratic in curvature terms in the usual Einstein-Hilbert action, in the context of Palatini formulation of gravity, manages to reduce the value of the tensor-to-scalar ratio. In both models the Planck scale is dynamically generated via the vacuum expectation value of the scalar fields.

scholarly journals AdS backgrounds and induced gravity

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (38) ◽  
pp. 2050057
Author(s):  
Hai Lin ◽  
Gaurav Narain
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Field ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation Value ◽  
Equation Of Motion ◽  
Induced Gravity ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
Higher Derivative ◽  
Gravity Theories ◽  
Fluctuation Fields ◽  
Ads Geometry

In this paper, we look for AdS solutions to generalized gravity theories in the bulk in various spacetime dimensions. The bulk gravity action includes the action of a non-minimally coupled scalar field with gravity, and a higher-derivative action of gravity. The usual Einstein–Hilbert gravity is induced when the scalar acquires a nonzero vacuum expectation value. The equation of motion in the bulk shows scenarios where AdS geometry emerges on-shell. We further obtain the action of the fluctuation fields on the background at quadratic and cubic orders.

scholarly journals LHC Probes of TeV-Scale Scalars in SO(10) Grand Unification

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ufuk Aydemir ◽  
Tanumoy Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Field ◽  
Gauge Symmetry ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation Value ◽  
Gluon Fusion ◽  
Grand Unification ◽  
Gauge Bosons ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Last Stage

We investigate the possibility of TeV-scale scalars as low energy remnants arising in the nonsupersymmetric SO(10) grand unification framework where the field content is minimal. We consider a scenario where the SO(10) gauge symmetry is broken into the gauge symmetry of the Standard Model (SM) through multiple stages of symmetry breaking, and a colored and hypercharged scalar χ picks a TeV-scale mass in the process. The last stage of the symmetry breaking occurs at the TeV-scale where the left-right symmetry, that is, SU(2)L⊗SU(2)R⊗U(1)B-L⊗SU(3)C, is broken into that of the SM by a singlet scalar field S of mass MS~1 TeV, which is a component of an SU(2)R-triplet scalar field, acquiring a TeV-scale vacuum expectation value. For the LHC phenomenology, we consider a scenario where S is produced via gluon-gluon fusion through loop interactions with χ and also decays to a pair of SM gauge bosons through χ in the loop. We find that the parameter space is heavily constrained from the latest LHC data. We use a multivariate analysis to estimate the LHC discovery reach of S into the diphoton channel.

scholarly journals Vacuum Expectation Value Profiles of the Bulk Scalar Field in the Generalized Randall-Sundrum Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A. Tofighi ◽  
M. Moazzen ◽  
A. Farokhtabar
Keyword(s):  
Scalar Field ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation Value ◽  
Brane World ◽  
Dirichlet Boundary Conditions ◽  
World Model ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
Bulk Scalar Field

In the generalized Randall-Sundrum warped brane-world model the cosmological constant induced on the visible brane can be positive or negative. In this paper we investigate profiles of vacuum expectation value of the bulk scalar field under general Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions in the generalized warped brane-world model. We show that the VEV profiles generally depend on the value of the brane cosmological constant. We find that the VEV profiles of the bulk scalar field for a visible brane with negative cosmological constant and positive tension are quite distinct from those of Randall-Sundrum model. In addition we show that the VEV profiles for a visible brane with large positive cosmological constant are also different from those of the Randall-Sundrum model. We also verify that Goldberger and Wise mechanism can work under nonzero Dirichlet boundary conditions in the generalized Randall-Sundrum model.

scholarly journals Electroweak Phase Transitions in Einstein’s Static Universe

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
M. Gogberashvili
Keyword(s):  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation Value ◽  
Electroweak Phase Transition ◽  
Static Universe ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
First Order ◽  
Higgs Vacuum ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Effective Reduction ◽  
New Phase

We suggest using Einstein’s static universe metric for the metastable state after reheating, instead of the Friedman-Robertson-Walker spacetime. In this case, strong static gravitational potential leads to the effective reduction of the Higgs vacuum expectation value, which is found to be compatible with the Standard Model first-order electroweak phase transition conditions. Gravity could also increase the CP-violating effects for particles that cross the new phase bubble walls and thus is able to lead to the successful electroweak baryogenesis scenario.

Thermal Properties of the One-Dimensional Duffin–Kemmer–Petiau Oscillator Using Hurwitz Zeta Function

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 867-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelamelk Boumali
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Zeta Function ◽  
Function Method ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation Value ◽  
Hurwitz Zeta Function ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The One

AbstractIn this paper, we investigated the thermodynamics properties of the one-dimensional Duffin–Kemmer–Petiau oscillator by using the Hurwitz zeta function method. In particular, we calculated the following main thermal quantities: the free energy, the total energy, the entropy, and the specific heat. The Hurwitz zeta function allowed us to compute the vacuum expectation value of the energy of our oscillator.

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