Impact of Congenital Heart Disease on Growth of Down Syndrome Children (6-36 months)

Abstract Background Down syndrome (DS), the most common chromosomal abnormality is associated by congenital heart disease (CHD) in (44%) of cases. Children with DS might have different growth pattern compared to children without DS. Objective To assess the impact of congenital heart disease on the growth of Down syndrome children who attend the Genetic clinic, Children’s Hospital, Ain Shams University. Materials and Methods This case controlled study was conducted on 40 children with DS aged 6-36 months and compared to 40 age and sex matched healthy children. The DS children were divided in to two groups, the Cardiac Group: Included 20 DS children with CHD, Non Cardiac Group: 20 DS children without CHD. All children enrolled in the study were subjected to detailed history, thorough clinical examination including (anthropometric measurements (weight, height and HC) and cardiac examination. Results A statistically highly significant decrease was found in children with DS in comparison to normal children in all evaluated anthropometric measurements (P = 0.000) for weight, height, WT/length SDS, head circumference and Z-scores (weight, height and HC).A statistically highly significant decrease was found in DS children with congenital heart disease (cardiac group) in comparison with DS children without congenital heart disease (non-cardiac group) as regards weight (P = 0.002), Height (P = 0.000), head circumference (P = 0.000), Zscores (weight) (P = 0.001) and WT/length SDS (P = 0.001). Conclusion Children with trisomy 21 have well documented growth retardation. Congenital heart diseases have a negative influence on growth pattern in children with DS.

Download Full-text

Growth charts of Egyptian children with Down syndrome [0-36 months]

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal ◽

10.26719/2004.10.1-2.106 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 10 (1-2) ◽

pp. 106-115

Author(s):

N. A. Meguid ◽

A. I. S. El Kotoury ◽

G. M. H. Abdel Salam ◽

M. O. El Ruby ◽

H. H. Afifi

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Growth Velocity ◽

Head Circumference ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Normal Children ◽

Children With Down Syndrome ◽

Lower Weight ◽

Egyptian Children

A study established growth and growth velocity curves for weight, length and head circumference in 350 Egyptian Down syndrome children [188 males and 162 females] from 0-36 months. Down syndrome children had poorer growth variables than normal healthy children through the first 3 years of life. Down syndrome children with associated congenital heart disease [90 cases] had significantly lower weight, especially in girls, compared with those without heart disease. In the first 2 years, growth velocity for weight and head circumference were higher in Down syndrome females than males, while growth velocity for length was higher in males. Down syndrome boys had slightly higher velocity of length than normal children in the first 3 years of life

Download Full-text

Down syndrome and congenital heart disease: perioperative planning and management

Journal of Congenital Cardiology ◽

10.1186/s40949-021-00061-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dennis R. Delany ◽

Stephanie S. Gaydos ◽

Deborah A. Romeo ◽

Heather T. Henderson ◽

Kristi L. Fogg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Down Syndrome ◽

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Single Ventricle ◽

Heart Defects ◽

Careful Consideration ◽

Children With Down Syndrome ◽

Perioperative Planning

AbstractApproximately 50% of newborns with Down syndrome have congenital heart disease. Non-cardiac comorbidities may also be present. Many of the principles and strategies of perioperative evaluation and management for patients with congenital heart disease apply to those with Down syndrome. Nevertheless, careful planning for cardiac surgery is required, evaluating for both cardiac and noncardiac disease, with careful consideration of the risk for pulmonary hypertension. In this manuscript, for children with Down syndrome and hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease, we will summarize the epidemiology of heart defects that warrant intervention. We will review perioperative planning for this unique population, including anesthetic considerations, common postoperative issues, nutritional strategies, and discharge planning. Special considerations for single ventricle palliation and heart transplantation evaluation will also be discussed. Overall, the risk of mortality with cardiac surgery in pediatric patients with Down syndrome is no more than the general population, except for those with functional single ventricle heart defects. Underlying comorbidities may contribute to postoperative complications and increased length of stay. A strong understanding of cardiac and non-cardiac considerations in children with Down syndrome will help clinicians optimize perioperative care and long-term outcomes.

Download Full-text

Association Between Down Syndrome and In-Hospital Death Among Children Undergoing Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease

Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes ◽

10.1161/circoutcomes.113.000764 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 445-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Jacqueline M. Evans ◽

Madan Dharmar ◽

Erin Meierhenry ◽

James P. Marcin ◽

Gary W. Raff

Keyword(s):

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Down Syndrome ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Hospital Death

Download Full-text

Activated Thrombelastogram in Neonates and Infants With Complex Congenital Heart Disease in Comparison With Healthy Children

Survey of Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/01.sa.0000267057.20831.c8 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 144-145

Author(s):

&NA;

Keyword(s):

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Complex Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Neonates And Infants

Download Full-text

Prevalence and profile of congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension in Down syndrome in a pediatric cardiology service

Revista Paulista de Pediatria ◽

10.1590/0103-0582201432218913 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 159-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Felipe Alves Mourato ◽

Lúcia Roberta R. Villachan ◽

Sandra da Silva Mattos

Keyword(s):

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Down Syndrome ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Septal Defect ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Heart Defects ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Atrioventricular Septal Defect

OBJECTIVE:To determine the frequence and profile of congenital heart defects in Down syndrome patients referred to a pediatric cardiologic center, considering the age of referral, gender, type of heart disease diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography and its association with pulmonary hypertension at the initial diagnosis.METHODS:Cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection of 138 patients with Down syndrome from a total of 17,873 records. Descriptive analysis of the data was performed, using Epi-Info version 7.RESULTS: Among the 138 patients with Down syndrome, females prevailed (56.1%) and 112 (81.2%) were diagnosed with congenital heart disease. The most common lesion was ostium secundum atrial septal defect, present in 51.8%, followed by atrioventricular septal defect, in 46.4%. Ventricular septal defects were present in 27.7%, while tetralogy of Fallot represented 6.3% of the cases. Other cardiac malformations corresponded to 12.5%. Pulmonary hypertension was associated with 37.5% of the heart diseases. Only 35.5% of the patients were referred before six months of age.CONCLUSIONS: The low percentage of referral until six months of age highlights the need for a better tracking of patients with Down syndrome in the context of congenital heart disease, due to the high frequency and progression of pulmonary hypertension.

Download Full-text

Quality of life in children with congenital heart disease after cardiac surgery

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi57.6.2017.285-90 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 57 (6) ◽

pp. 285

Author(s):

Sindy Atmadja ◽

Tina Christina Tobing ◽

Rita Evalina ◽

Sri Sofyani ◽

Muhammad Ali

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

At Risk ◽

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Case Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Social Emotional

Background Major achievements in congenital heart disease (CHD) treatment over the past 20 years have altered the course and prognosis of CHD. Improvement of quality of life (QoL) is now a major goal of CHD treatment.Objective To assess the QoL in children after cardiac surgery for CHD.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in children aged 2 to 18 years. The case group had 20 children with a history of corrective heart surgery in the 12 months prior to the study. The control group had 20 healthy children, age-matched to the case group. The QoL of both groups was assessed by Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Generic Core Scales. The same post-operative children were also assessed with the PedsQL Cardiac Module. Data were analyzed using T-test with P < 0.05 as the level of significance.Results This study recruited 40 subjects: 20 post-operative and 20 healthy children. PedsQL Generic Core Scales assessment showed significant differences between groups in the physical function parameter of QoL (P<0.05) in children aged 13-18 years, but there were no significant differences in the social, emotional, and school function parameters. In children aged 2-12 years, there were no significant differences in physical, social, emotional, or school parameters. The PedsQL Cardiac Module assessment revealed that 35% of post-operative children was at risk for physical appearance problems, 80% was at risk for anxiety problems, 40% was at risk for cognitive problems, and 80% was at risk for communication problems.Conclusion Thirteen to 18-year-old children with non complex CHD have poorer physical function than healthy children. Post operative children are at risk for physical appearance, anxiety, cognitive, and communication problems.

Download Full-text