An integrative taxonomic framework for the study of the genus Ciona (Ascidiacea) and description of a new species, Ciona intermedia

Abstract The genus Ciona is an interesting ‘taxonomic case’ because its evolutionary history and taxonomy have not yet been resolved completely. In this study, we present new findings, describing specimens of an unidentified Ciona species collected along the north-eastern coasts of Sardinia (Tyrrhenian Sea, Mediterranean Sea). Applying an integrative taxonomic approach, based on the joint examination of morphological and molecular traits, we identify these specimens as a new species, Ciona intermedia sp. nov. Morphological comparisons and peculiarities of the habitat first revealed that these Ciona specimens have intermediate characters compared with other Ciona species. Molecular characterization (based on three mitochondrial regions: two already used for discriminating Ciona cryptic species and a newly developed one) confirmed that our specimens could not be assigned to any previously molecularly-characterized species. Both molecular phylogenetic reconstructions and morphological data clearly indicate C. intermedia as sister clade of Ciona edwardsi. Our findings add further complexity to the taxonomy of Ciona, underlying the importance of an integrative taxonomic approach for the study of the evolutionary history of this enigmatic genus.

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Primula sunhangii (Primulaceae): a new species from Hubei, Central China

PhytoKeys ◽

10.3897/phytokeys.156.49137 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 156 ◽

pp. 103-112

Author(s):

Jiao Sun ◽

Dai-Gui Zhang ◽

Xian-Han Huang ◽

Komiljon Tojibaev ◽

Jing-Yuan Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Hubei Province ◽

Central China ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

A New Species

This report provides a description of Primula sunhangii from the Shennongjia Forestry District, Hubei Province in Central China, which is categorized as a new species of the primrose family. Primula sunhangii is morphologically similar to P. involucrata Wall. ex Duby in terms of its simple umbel, efarinose, and prolonged bracts. However, P. sunhangii is distinguished by its glabrous sepal, short petiole (compare with blade) and cylindrical calyx and capsule. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on nuclear and cpDNA genes demonstrates that P. sunhangii and P. involucrata are closely related. Combining genetic and morphological data, the recognition of P. sunhangii as a unique new species is supported.

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A new species of Acantothereva Séguy, 1935, from Tunisia (Diptera: Therevidae: Therevinae): taxonomic consequences and phylogenetic implications

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2155.1.3 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2155 (1) ◽

pp. 28-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

KEVIN C. HOLSTON

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

North African ◽

The North ◽

Interspecific Differences ◽

Close Phylogenetic Relationship ◽

Phylogenetic Implications ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

A New Species ◽

African Genus

A new Tunisian species of Acantothereva Séguy is described, reducing several diagnostic characters for this North African genus to interspecific differences among the three included species. An expanded vertex and frons were formerly considered diagnostic for the genus, but the new species, A. oblata, sp. nov., has a vertex lower than the dorsal eye margin and a non-dilated ocellar tubercle. Previously recognized male genitalic characters, however, support the hypothesis that Acantothereva is a monophyletic group. The ability to recognize Acantothereva using external characters is marginally reduced with respect to therevine genera due to the inclusion of the new species, notably relative to Neotherevella Lyneborg. The apparent close phylogenetic relationship among Acantothereva, Acrosathe Irwin & Lyneborg, Irwiniella Lyneborg, and Neotherevella Lyneborg species are discussed herein, based on recent molecular phylogenetic analyses and the morphology of the Tunisian Acantothereva species. A key to the North African therevine genera is included; head and genitalia illustrations and a key to the three Acantothereva species are also presented.

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The formerly enigmatic Unidentiidae in the limelight again: a new species of the genus Unidentia from Thailand (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4551.5.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4551 (5) ◽

pp. 556 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

TATIANA KORSHUNOVA ◽

RAHUL MEHROTRA ◽

SPENCER ARNOLD ◽

KENNET LUNDIN ◽

BERNARD PICTON ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Sea Slugs ◽

The Family ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Morphological Differences ◽

First Time ◽

A New Species

An integrative molecular and morphological study is presented for the family Unidentiidae. Molecular phylogenetic analyses were conducted with the inclusion of all previous and newly obtained molecular data for the family Unidentiidae Millen & Hermosillo 2012. A new species of the genus Unidentia Millen & Hermosillo 2012, U. aliciae sp. nov., is described from Thailand as part of an inventory of sea slugs at Koh Tao. All up-to-date available morphological data for the species of the genus Unidentia is for the first time summarized. Morphological differences among the different species of Unidentia are clarified showing that every species has its own distinguishable morphological traits. According to the new molecular and morphological data, the family Unidentiidae is re-confirmed as a well-supported taxon of the aeolidacean nudibranchs. The taxonomy and phylogeny of the Aeolidacea in the light of the family Unidentiidae is briefly discussed and necessity of a fine-scale and narrowly-defined taxa approach instead of a ‘‘superlumping’’ one is highlighted.

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The genus Zelentia is an amphi-boreal taxon expanded to include three new species from the North Pacific and Atlantic oceans (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia: Trinchesiidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4482.2.4 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4482 (2) ◽

pp. 297 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

TATIANA KORSHUNOVA ◽

KARIN FLETCHER ◽

KENNET LUNDIN ◽

BERNARD PICTON ◽

ALEXANDER MARTYNOV

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Haplotype Network ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Sympatric Species ◽

Morphological Data ◽

The North ◽

Northeastern Pacific ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Pacific Species ◽

A New Species

The taxonomy of Zelentia Korshunova, Martynov & Picton, 2017, a genus of aeolidacean nudibranchs recently separated from Trinchesia Ihering, 1879, is reviewed. Using previous and novel data, including the defining morphological characters of a supplementary gland inserted into the penis, which is also armed with stylet, it is demonstrated that the genus Zelentia is a well-established amphi-boreal taxon. A phylogenetic tree and haplotype network for species of the genus Zelentia are provided. A new species from the Northeastern Pacific, Zelentia willowsi sp. nov. and a second Northeastern Pacific species, Zelentia nepunicea sp. nov., previously thought to be “Cuthona” pustulata (Alder & Hancock, 1854), are described using morphological and molecular data. A new species from the North Atlantic and sub-Arctic White Sea, Zelentia roginskae sp. nov., is also described using morphological and molecular data. The Northeastern Pacific Zelentia nepunicea sp. nov. and“Cuthona” punicea Millen, 1986, which externally share a similar reddish colouration, are shown to belong to two different families since “Cuthona” punicea possesses a supplementary gland inserted into the vas deferens and an unarmed penis, characters of the genus Cuthonella Bergh, 1884, belonging to the Cuthonellidae family. Despite belonging to different families and having significant internal differences, externally Cuthonella punicea and Zelentia nepunicea sp. nov. appear similar, thus the new sympatric species of Zelentia is given the name Z. nepunicea sp. nov. which means non punicea. To facilitate identification and avoid further confusion we provide a comparative table which encompasses diagnostic morphological data for Northeastern Pacific species of the families Cuthonidae, Cuthonellidae and Trinchesiidae which are externally similar to the described new taxa.

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One new species and one new record of Zasmidium in China

Biodiversity Data Journal ◽

10.3897/bdj.9.e59001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Yuan-Yan An ◽

Xiang-Yu Zeng ◽

Kun Geng ◽

Kevin Hyde ◽

Yong Wang

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

New Record ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Cremastra Appendiculata ◽

One New Species ◽

A New Species ◽

Its Barcoding

Two hyphomycetous species were collected from leaves of Smilax china (Liliales, Smilacaceae) and Cremastra appendiculata (Asparagales, Orchidaceae). ITS barcoding indicated that they belong to the genus Zasmidium. Morphological data in combination with molecular phylogenetic analyses based on ITS, LSU and rpb2 confirmed that our Chinese strains represented a new species, Zasmidium liboense and a new record of Z. citri-griseum.

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Mycosphaerangium and Neomelanconium (Cenangiaceae) are closest relatives: phylogenetic relationships, morphology and a new species

Mycological Progress ◽

10.1007/s11557-020-01630-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (11) ◽

pp. 1329-1352

Author(s):

Hermann Voglmayr ◽

Walter M. Jaklitsch ◽

Salvador Tello

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Morphological Evidence ◽

Lsu Rdna ◽

The North ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Fungal Associations ◽

First Time ◽

Ascospore Morphology ◽

A New Species

Abstract Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses of a multigene matrix of partial nuSSU-ITS-LSU rDNA, RPB1, RPB2 and TEF1 sequences and by morphological evidence, the genus Mycosphaerangium is shown to be the closest relative of Neomelanconium, and confirmed to be a member of the Cenangiaceae (Leotiomycetes). While Mycosphaerangium and Neomelanconium share many traits like similar conidia, conidiogenesis, asci and ascospores, their apothecia differ particularly in excipular features and are therefore recognized as distinct genera. Mycosphaerangium tiliae, described from North America, is excluded from the genus but shown to represent the sexual morph of the European Neomelanconium gelatosporum, and it is therefore synonymized with the latter. Based on morphology, Neomelanconium deightonii is assumed to be congeneric with Neomelanconium gelatosporum, and it is lectotypified. Dermatea tetraspora and Phaeangium magnisporum, the basionyms of Mycosphaerangium tetrasporum and M. magnisporum, respectively, are lectotypified as well, and for M. tetrasporum, the asexual morph is recorded for the first time. Mycosphaerangium quercinum sp. nov. is described as a new species from various Quercus hosts in Europe, where it is shown to be widely distributed. It morphologically and ecologically closely resembles the North American M. tetrasporum, but differs in paraphysis and ascospore morphology and by croziers at its ascus base. The three accepted species of Mycosphaerangium and the two of Neomelanconium are described and illustrated. Mycosphaerangium magnisporum, M. quercinum and M. tetrasporum are recorded to be constantly associated with species of Coryneum, indicating a fungicolous habit, but no evidence for fungal associations has been found in Neomelanconium deightonii and N. gelatosporum.

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New species and occurrence records of Japanese Solasteridae and Ganeriidae including a new species of Paralophaster from the North Pacific with an overview of Hyalinothrix

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4750.1.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4750 (1) ◽

pp. 67-100

Author(s):

CHRISTOPHER L. MAH ◽

TOSHIHIKO FUJITA

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Undescribed Species ◽

The North ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Families Of Asteroids ◽

Japanese Waters ◽

The North Pacific ◽

A New Species ◽

Occurrence Records

Japanese waters contain a highly diverse echinoderm fauna including many undiscovered species, especially in deeper-water settings. Molecular phylogenetic data has shown a close relationship between three established families of asteroids, the Asterinidae, the Solasteridae and the Ganeriidae, which are three groups that are well-represented in the region. We present two undescribed species of solasterids, Lophaster cactorum n. sp. and Paralophaster gomo n. sp., the latter represents a genus which had previously been known primarily from Antarctic settings. New occurrence records of the tropical deep-sea Pacific solasterid Rhipidaster vannipes Sladen, 1889 has led to synonymy of Xenorias polyctenius Fisher, 1913. Three undescribed species of Hyalinothrix, Hyalinothrix diversus n. sp., Hyaliothrix enoki n. sp. and Hyalinothrix virtrispinum n. sp. are described. Nepanthia grangei McKnight, 2001 is transferred to Hyalinothrix. A new subfamily, the Hyalinothricinae is established within the Asterinidae, including Tarachaster and Seriaster, which was formerly assigned to the Solasteridae. Knightaster is reassigned to the Asterinidae from the Ganeriidae.

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CERCOSPORA BRUNFELSIICOLA (FUNGI, MYCOSPHAERELLACEAE), A NEW TROPICAL CERCOSPOROID FUNGUS ON BRUNFELSIA UNIFLORA

REINWARDTIA ◽

10.14203/reinwardtia.v14i1.417 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 211

Author(s):

Iman Hidayat ◽

Jamjan Meeboon

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

New Species ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Elongation Factor ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Data Analyses ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Indistinct Margin ◽

Elongation Factor 1 ◽

A New Species

Cercospora brunfelsiicola on Brunfelsia uniflora is proposed as a new species based on a combination of molecular phylogenetic and morphological data analyses. The molecular phylogenetic analysis based on combined multilocus analyses of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS), part of the elongation factor 1–a gene (EF1–a), and part of the calmodulin (CAL) gene regions showed that C. brunfelsiicola is phylogenetically distinguishable from other Cercospora species, including members of the C. apii s. lat. complex. Morphologically, C. brunfelsiicola differs from other closely related Cercospora species, in particular C. acaciae-mangii, by forming lesions with indistinct margin, larger stromata [(32) 48.5 ± 10.6 (68) ?m diam.], and filiform to narrowly obclavate conidia [(45) 59 ± 9.1 (72) × (2.5) 2.5 ± 0.2 (3) ?m].

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An integrative taxonomic approach reveals a new species of Eranthis (Ranunculaceae) in North Asia

PhytoKeys ◽

10.3897/phytokeys.140.49048 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 140 ◽

pp. 75-100

Author(s):

Andrey S. Erst ◽

Alexander P. Sukhorukov ◽

Elizaveta Yu. Mitrenina ◽

Mikhail V. Skaptsov ◽

Vera A. Kostikova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Endemic Species ◽

Morphological Data ◽

North Asia ◽

The Republic ◽

Taxonomic Approach ◽

Biochemical Analyses ◽

A New Species

A new endemic species, Eranthis tanhoensissp. nov., is described from the Republic of Buryatia and Irkutsk Province, Russia. It belongs to Eranthis section Shibateranthis and is morphologically similar to E. sibirica and E. stellata. An integrative taxonomic approach, based on cytogenetical, molecular and biochemical analyses, along with morphological data, was used to delimit this new species.

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A review of the genus Pelodiaetus Jeannel (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Anillini) of New Zealand, with re-description of the genus, description of a new species, and notes on the evolutionary history

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.879.37684 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 879 ◽

pp. 33-56

Author(s):

Igor M. Sokolov

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

New Zealand ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Comparative Morphology ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Distribution Maps ◽

Taxonomic Key ◽

A New Species

On the basis of new morphological data a re-description of the genus Pelodiaetus is provided, a new species of the genus P. nunnisp. nov. (Christchurch, Canterbury, South Island) is described, and P. lewisi Jeannel is proposed as a synonym of P. sulcatipennis Jeannel, syn. nov. A taxonomic key as well as distribution maps for species of Pelodiaetus are provided. Data on comparative morphology and biogeographical aspects of speciation in the genus Pelodiaetus and its morphological relatives from Australia and New Zealand are discussed.

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