scholarly journals Use of Systemic Acquired Resistance and Whitefly Optical Barriers to Reduce Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Disease Damage to Tomato Crops

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 1181-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Monci ◽  
Susana García-Andrés ◽  
Sonia Sánchez-Campos ◽  
Rafael Fernández-Muñoz ◽  
Juan Antonio Díaz-Pendón ◽  
...  

Epidemics of tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) caused by tomato yellow leaf curl-like begomoviruses (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) severely damage open field and protected tomato crops worldwide. Intensive application of insecticides against the whitefly vector Bemisia tabaci is generally used as control strategy to reduce TYLCD impact. This practice, however, is frequently ineffective and has a negative impact on the environment and human health. TYLCD-resistant varieties are commercially available, but cultivation of susceptible traditional tasting ones is also requested if possible. For susceptible tomatoes, here we show that using whitefly optical barriers by means of UV-blocking plastics in protected crops can contribute to reducing TYLCD damage and increasing commercial fruit yield. Moreover, induction of systemic acquired resistance by application of the elicitor of plant defense acibenzolar-S-methyl was effective to reduce yield losses when viral pressure was moderate. Interestingly, combining both practices in protected tomato crops can result in a significant TYLCD control. Therefore, these control practices are proposed to be used commercially as management alternatives to include in integrated management of TYLCD.

Euphytica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 190 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kadirvel ◽  
R. de la Peña ◽  
R. Schafleitner ◽  
S. Huang ◽  
S. Geethanjali ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Yuh Tzean ◽  
Ho-Hsiung Chang ◽  
Tsui-Chin Tu ◽  
Bo-Han Hou ◽  
Ho-Ming Chen ◽  
...  

Transgenic approaches employing RNA interference (RNAi) strategies have been successfully applied to generate desired traits in plants; however, variations between RNAi transgenic siblings and the ability to quickly apply RNAi resistance to diverse cultivars remain challenging. In this study, we assessed the promoter activity of a cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (35S) and a phloem-specific promoter derived from rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) and their efficacy to drive RNAi against the endogenous glutamate-1-semialdehyde aminotransferase gene (GSA) that acts as a RNAi marker, through chlorophyll synthesis inhibition, and against tomato yellow leaf curl Thailand virus (TYLCTHV), a begomovirus (family Geminiviridae) reported to be the prevalent cause of tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) in Taiwan. Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana expressing hairpin RNA of GSA driven by either the 35S or RTBV promoter revealed that RTBV::hpGSA induced stronger silencing along the vein and more uniformed silencing phenotype among its siblings than 35S::hpGSA. Analysis of transgenic N. benthamiana, 35S::hpTYLCTHV, and RTBV::hpTYLCTHV revealed that, although 35S::hpTYLCTHV generated a higher abundance of small RNA than RTBV::hpTYLCTHV, RTBV::hpTYLCTHV transgenic plants conferred better TYLCTHV resistance than 35S::hpTYLCTHV. Grafting of wild-type (WT) scions to TYLCTHV RNAi rootstocks allowed transferable TYLCTHV resistance to the scion. A TYLCTHV-inoculation assay showed that noninfected WT scions were only observed when grafted to RTBV::hpTYLCTHV rootstocks but not 35S::hpTYLCTHV nor WT rootstocks. Together, our findings demonstrate an approach that may be widely applied to efficiently confer TYLCD resistance.


Author(s):  
Qixi Yao ◽  
Zhengke Peng ◽  
Hong Tong ◽  
Fengbo Yang ◽  
Gaoshan Xing ◽  
...  

Abstract Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a begomovirus (genus Begomovirus) is the causal agent of tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD), which causes severe damage to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) crops throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world. TYLCV is transmitted by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in a circulative and persistent manner. Our previous studies showed that tomato flavonoids deter B. tabaci oviposition, but the effects of tomato flavonoids on the settling and feeding behavior of B. tabaci and on its transmission of TYLCV are unknown. Using two near-isogenic tomato lines that differ greatly in flavonoid levels, we found that high flavonoid production in tomato deterred the landing and settling of B. tabaci. Moreover, electrical penetration graph studies indicated that high flavonoid levels in tomato reduced B. tabaci probing and phloem-feeding efficiency. As a consequence, high flavonoid levels in tomato reduced the primary and secondary spread of TYLCV. The results indicate that tomato flavonoids provide antixenosis resistance against B. tabaci and that the breeding of such resistance in new varieties could enhance TYLCD management.


2007 ◽  
Vol 128 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Isabel Font ◽  
Luis Rubio ◽  
Pedro Vicente Martínez-Culebras ◽  
Concepción Jordá

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