scholarly journals Management of Asiatic Citrus Canker Under Field Conditions in Saudi Arabia Using Bacteriophages and Acibenzolar-S-Methyl

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 761-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser E. Ibrahim ◽  
Amgad A. Saleh ◽  
Mohammed A. Al-Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Mexican Lime ◽  
Citrus Canker Disease

Applications of formulated bacteriophages with skim milk and sucrose or nonformulated bacteriophages combined with acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) were compared with copper bactericides applications for suppressing Asiatic citrus canker (ACC) caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) on leaves under greenhouse and field conditions in Saudi Arabia. Bacteriophages were applied one day prior to inoculation of Mexican lime (Citrus aurantifolia) plants with Xcc, then twice a week until the end of the trials. Copper hydroxide was applied once prior to inoculation and then every seven days afterward, whereas ASM was applied one week prior to inoculation and then every 21 days afterward. Under greenhouse conditions, the incidence of ACC on leaves was reduced significantly from 75.2 to 12.8% or 18.3% for plants treated with copper hydroxide or bacteriophages in combination with ASM, respectively. Applications of formulated phages in combination with ASM as soil drench under field conditions significantly decreased disease incidence by 14.8% (Trial 1) and 16.8% (Trial 2) compared with untreated control plants. Overall, the Xcc-inoculated plants treated with bacteriophages + ASM combination showed significant ACC reduction under greenhouse and field conditions. The bacteriophages + ASM combination tested in these trials can be an effective tool in the integrated management programs of Asiatic citrus canker disease.

scholarly journals Screening of Citrus Cultivars Against Citrus Canker and Its Allelopathic Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Alternative Management ◽  
Integrated Management System ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Great Potency

Citrus canker is the most devastating bacterial disease. In Pakistan, where canker is endemic, cultural practices and chemical control is vital module of integrated management system. But due to non-prudent use of chemicals wicked impacts start to appear on human health and environment there was need of some alternative management which should be eco-friendly and has no adverse effect for human. Therefore, our present study was based on screening of different cultivars of citrus and allelopathic management of citrus canker. The results revealed that Cara cara navel and kinnow both performed as moderately susceptible response in field condition than all other cultivars of citrus in screening experiment. Consequently, disease incidence was observed increasing by increasing the lesion area and these cultivars can be suggested as a source of resistance against canker pathogen. In allelopathic management we observed that ethanolic extracts were more efficient than aqueous extracts and their efficacy was also increasing by increasing the concentration. Ethanolic extracts of jatropha (13.33cm) followed by amaltas (12.5cm), Arjun (11.13cm), Bougenvilla (7.21cm) have great potency against the pathogen. So these ethanolic extracts can be used as good and alternative management of citrus canker disease.

scholarly journals Lack of Control of Citrus Canker by Induced Systemic Resistance Compounds

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 745-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Graham ◽  
R. P. Leite
Keyword(s):  
Induced Systemic Resistance ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Fruit Drop ◽  
Additional Control ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
Swingle Citrumelo

Induced systemic resistance compounds (ISRs), acibenzolar-S-methyl (Actigard), and harpin protein (Messenger) were assayed in the greenhouse against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citrumelo, the cause of citrus bacterial spot (CBS), and X. axonopodis pv. citri, the cause of Asiatic citrus canker. Actigard and Messenger applied as foliar sprays 3 to 7 days before inoculation reduced numbers of lesions when either bacterium at 103 or 104 CFU/ml was injection-infiltrated into Swingle citrumelo leaves. Based on this activity, the ISRs were evaluated in southern Brazil in orchards of sweet oranges with low to moderate canker disease incidence in spray programs with and without copper oxychloride (COC) and copper hydroxide (CuOH). Actigard and Messenger were applied full season or in the first two or three sprays of a six-spray program in an attempt to reduce early canker disease on foliage and thereby reduce subsequent fruit infection and premature drop. Sprays of COC and CuOH were moderately to highly effective in reducing canker disease incidence and preventing premature fruit drop. Actigard or Messenger in combination with COC and CuOH, respectively, did not significantly reduce citrus canker incidence on foliage or fruit drop compared with Cu alone. The lack of additional control with ISRs means they cannot be recommended at this time to augment Cu programs for management of citrus canker.

scholarly journals Modified Monosaccharides Content of Xanthan Gum Impairs Citrus Canker Disease by Affecting the Epiphytic Lifestyle of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1176
Author(s):  
Simone Cristina Picchi ◽  
Laís Moreira Granato ◽  
Maria Júlia Festa Franzini ◽  
Maxuel Oliveira Andrade ◽  
Marco Aurélio Takita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Xanthomonas Citri ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Citrus Canker Disease

Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (X. citri) is a plant pathogenic bacterium causing citrus canker disease. The xanA gene encodes a phosphoglucomutase/phosphomannomutase protein that is a key enzyme required for the synthesis of lipopolysaccharides and exopolysaccharides in Xanthomonads. In this work, firstly we isolated a xanA transposon mutant (xanA::Tn5) and analyzed its phenotypes as biofilm formation, xanthan gum production, and pathogenesis on the sweet orange host. Moreover, to confirm the xanA role in the impaired phenotypes we further produced a non-polar deletion mutant (ΔxanA) and performed the complementation of both xanA mutants. In addition, we analyzed the percentages of the xanthan gum monosaccharides produced by X. citri wild-type and xanA mutant. The mutant strain had higher ratios of mannose, galactose, and xylose and lower ratios of rhamnose, glucuronic acid, and glucose than the wild-type strain. Such changes in the saccharide composition led to the reduction of xanthan yield in the xanA deficient strain, affecting also other important features in X. citri, such as biofilm formation and sliding motility. Moreover, we showed that xanA::Tn5 caused no symptoms on host leaves after spraying, a method that mimetics the natural infection condition. These results suggest that xanA plays an important role in the epiphytical stage on the leaves that is essential for the successful interaction with the host, including adaptive advantage for bacterial X. citri survival and host invasion, which culminates in pathogenicity.

scholarly journals Biocontrol of Citrus Canker Disease Caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri Using an Endophytic Bacillus thuringiensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 486-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Nurul Islam ◽  
Md. Sarafat Ali ◽  
Seong-Jin Choi ◽  
Jae-Wook Hyun ◽  
Kwang-Hyun Baek
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Xanthomonas Citri ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Citrus Canker Disease

Functional analysis of citrus AP2 transcription factors identified CsAP2-09 involved in citrus canker disease response and tolerance

Gene ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 707 ◽  
pp. 178-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongrui He ◽  
Ruirui Jia ◽  
Jingjing Qi ◽  
Shanchun Chen ◽  
Tiangang Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Disease Response ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Citrus Canker Disease

scholarly journals Fungicide evaluation for control of powdery mildew, Leveillula taurica (Lev.) Arn., of peppers in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
José A. Negrón ◽  
Rocío Rodríguez ◽  
Lucas Avilés
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Leveillula Taurica

The effectiveness of benomyl, chlorothalonil, copper hydroxide, dinocap, sulfur and triadimefon for the control of the fungus Leveillula taurica, causal agent of the powdery mildew of peppers (Capsicum annuum), was evaluated under field conditions. Results from two experiments indicate that weekly applications of benomyl and triadimefon reduced disease incidence and increased pepper yield. In the first experiment, plots treated with triadimefon (0.35 L/ha) and benomyl (0.55 kg/ha) produced 20.2 and 17.2 kg fruit/plot, respectively, whereas the nontreated plots yielded 13,9 kg/plot. A similar trend but with higher yields was obtained in the second experiment. Treatments with triadimefon (0.70 L/ha) and benomyl (0.55 kg/ha) produced 41.0 and 41.3 kg of fruit/plot, respectively, as compared with the control treatments which yielded 29.0 kg/plot.

Transgenic Citrange troyer rootstocks overexpressing antimicrobial potato Snakin-1 show reduced citrus canker disease symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
G. Conti ◽  
V. Gardella ◽  
M.A. Vandecaveye ◽  
C.A. Gomez ◽  
G. Joris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Canker Disease ◽  
Citrus Canker Disease
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