Overwinter Survival of Bean Rust Urediniospores in North Dakota

Bean rust (Uromyces appendiculatus) reached epidemic proportions in North Dakota and Minnesota from 1993 to 1996. Although U. appendiculatus is a macrocyclic autoecious rust, neither pycnia nor aecia have been observed in commercial dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in North Dakota fields. The source of initial inoculum is not clearly understood. This study determined the potential for urediniospore survival overwinter. Uredia-bearing bean leaves from artificially inoculated greenhouse-grown plants were kept outside near a field from November to May from 1990 to 1996. Based on bioassays urediniospores survived overwinter, but viability declined over time. Overwinter survival indicates urediniospores may function as initial inoculum.

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Breeding for partial resistance in dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) to bean rust (Uromyces appendiculatus)

Annals of Applied Biology ◽

10.1111/j.1744-7348.1994.tb04138.x ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 124 (2) ◽

pp. 341-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

B R EDINGTON ◽

P E SHANAHAN ◽

F H J RIJKENBERG

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Partial Resistance ◽

Uromyces Appendiculatus ◽

Bean Rust ◽

Dry Beans

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Isolates of Uromyces appendiculatus with Specific Virulence to Landraces of Phaseolus vulgaris of Andean Origin

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.1999.83.2.108 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 108-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Craig M. Sandlin ◽

James R. Steadman ◽

Carlos M. Araya ◽

Dermot P. Coyne

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Rapd Analysis ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Rust Fungus ◽

Distinct Group ◽

Uromyces Appendiculatus ◽

Bean Rust ◽

Banding Patterns ◽

Highly Virulent ◽

Specific Virulence

Five isolates of the bean rust fungus Uromyces appendiculatus were shown to be specifically virulent on bean genotypes of Andean origin. This specificity was demonstrated by the virulence of five pairs of isolates on a differential set of 30 Phaseolus vulgaris landraces. Each isolate pair was from a different country in the Americas and consisted of one Andean-specific isolate and one nonspecific isolate. Of the differential P. vulgaris landraces, 15 were of Middle American origin and 15 were of Andean origin. The Andean-specific rust isolates were highly virulent on Andean landraces but not on landraces of Middle American origin. Rust isolates with virulence to Middle American landraces were also generally virulent on Andean material; no truly Middle American-specific isolates were found. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of the rust isolates also distinguished the two groups. Four of the Andean-specific rust isolates formed a distinct group compared to four of the nonspecific isolates. Two of the isolates, one from each of the two virulence groups, had intermediate RAPD banding patterns, suggesting that plasmagomy but not karyogamy occurred between isolates of the two groups.

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Coinoculation Effects of the Pathogens Causing Common Bacterial Blight, Rust, and Bean Common Mosaic in Phaseolus vulgaris

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.115.2.319 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 115 (2) ◽

pp. 319-323 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

H.Z. Zaiter ◽

D.P. Coyne ◽

J.R. Steadman

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Bacterial Blight ◽

Xanthomonas Campestris ◽

Bean Common Mosaic Virus ◽

Host Susceptibility ◽

Uromyces Appendiculatus ◽

Common Bacterial Blight ◽

Dry Bean ◽

Screening For Resistance ◽

Prior Infection

Ten dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars/lines with differential reactions to rust were used in growth chamber experiments to determine rust [Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.) Unger var. appendiculutus, (U a)], and common bacterial blight Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (E.F. Sm.) Dews. (X c p)] reactions on leaves when coinoculated with both pathogens. The X c p-U a necrosis symptoms were very different from those caused by X c p alone. Depending on the level of host susceptibility to rust, the X c p reaction remained confined within the rust pustule or spread beyond the pustule area, causing a necrosis of the entire leaf. Prior infection of bean seedlings with bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), NY-15 strain, reduced rust pustule size, but did not affect the reaction to X c p. Screening with X c p and BCMV can be done at the same time during the early vegetative stage, but the interactions of U a with X c p and of BCMV with U a need to be considered in screening for resistance.

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Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Uromyces appendiculatus from Phaseolus vulgaris in the Americas

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.2004.88.8.830 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 88 (8) ◽

pp. 830-836 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

C. M. Araya ◽

A. T. Alleyne ◽

J. R. Steadman ◽

K. M. Eskridge ◽

D. P. Coyne

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Central America ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Parallel Evolution ◽

Uromyces Appendiculatus ◽

Bean Rust ◽

Rapd Pcr ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Clear Differentiation

Populations of 90 Uromyces appendiculatus isolates were collected from throughout the Americas and evaluated for virulence on 19 standard bean rust differentials, and also on 12 landraces of Phaseolus vulgaris from South and Central America. The landrace differentials represented geographical centers of bean domestication. Three groups were observed. Two groups were isolates from centers of bean domestication and a third heterogeneous group comprised isolates from countries in South and Central America. Molecular analysis using random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) was also conducted on these isolates. Cluster analysis of the molecular profiles showed three groups that corresponded to those obtained by virulence tests. These results show a clear differentiation of the pathogen population along similar lines as its host and suggest parallel evolution in the bean rust pathosystem.

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Influence of Tillage Practices on Anthracnose Development and Distribution in Dry Bean Fields

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.1997.81.1.71 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 71-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

N. Ntahimpera ◽

H. R. Dillard ◽

A. C. Cobb ◽

R. C. Seem

Keyword(s):

Disease Incidence ◽

Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽

Dry Bean ◽

Initial Inoculum ◽

Tillage Practices ◽

Bean Cultivar ◽

Progress Curve ◽

Bean Anthracnose ◽

Highly Correlated ◽

Over Time

Three tillage practices—chiseling, rototilling, and moldboard plowing—were evaluated in 1993 and 1994 to determine their impact on initial disease development, distribution, and progression over time in a field of the susceptible kidney bean cultivar Horizon. The tillage treatments were administered in the spring in a field infested in 1992 with the bean anthracnose pathogen, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum race β. Initial disease incidence was highest in the chiseled plots, where more bean debris was left on the surface than in the other treatments. Significantly higher final disease incidence and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) occurred in the chiseled plots than in the rototilled and moldboard plowed plots. There was a significant correlation (r = 0.75) between the percentage of debris left on the surface and subsequent disease incidence on pods in the field. Anthracnose incidence or severity in the field was highly correlated with disease incidence on harvested pods (r values ranged between 0.87 and 0.98). Results from the ordinary runs analysis showed that anthracnose occurred randomly within the field early in the season, indicating that initial inoculum was from bean debris within the field. Later in the season, plant-to-plant spread resulted in a more clustered distribution of diseased plants.

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A Model for Dry Bean Yield Loss Due to Rust

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.5.1.35 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 35-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Dale T. Lindgren ◽

Kent M. Eskridge ◽

James R. Steadman ◽

Daniel M. Schaaf

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Model Fit ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Uromyces Appendiculatus ◽

Yield Response ◽

Dry Bean ◽

Efficacy Trials ◽

Weighted Analysis ◽

Bean Yield

Severity of rust (Uromyces appendiculatus) and yield of dry edible beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were recorded for 9 years in west-central Nebraska in fungicidal efficacy trials. A weighted analysis of covariance was used to estimate yield loss due to rust. The model fit the data well (R2=0.94), and the slope over all years had a 19 kg.ha−1 decrease in yield for each 1% increase in severity of rust. Yield response within years occurred only through reduction of rust for most fungicide treatments.

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Evaluación de la resistencia a la roya (Uromyces appendiculatus) en 64 variedades de frijol común en Cuba.

Agronomía Mesoamericana ◽

10.15517/am.v7i1.24796 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 90

Author(s):

Miguel González ◽

Evelio García

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Uromyces Appendiculatus ◽

Common Beans ◽

Bean Rust ◽

Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽

The North

The varieties (64) of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were evaluated for resistance to bean rust in the Velasco zone, at the north of the Holguín province, Cuba. The evaluation was made 60 days after sowing by determining the degree of attack using a scale as well as estimating the number of pu stules per leaf and no remarkable differences between both methods were found. The character of the pustules was also determined by measuring their diameters with regard to three categories large (more than 0.5 mm) middling (between 0.3 and 0.5 mm) and small (less than 0.3 mm) and the presence or lack of chlorotic halo surrounding the pustules as well. The cultivars that resulted less attacked by the bean rust were Guira-35, XAN-43, Revolución-79, M-112, Rosas, BAT-202, Tazumal, Huetar, Bolita-42, BAT-1281, BAT-1274, BAT-1280, PV-555, BAT 1275, Engañador, Guamá- 23, MCD-254, Chevere, XAN-93, XAN-147, NAG-20, NAG-55, RAB-30 and CC 25-9-S (R), all of which showed an average equal or inferior to 10 pustules per leaf, being these ones generally smaller and without any chlorosis.

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Vegetative development of Uromyces appendiculatus var. appendiculatus in Phaseolus vulgaris

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b84-272 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 62 (10) ◽

pp. 2003-2010 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

R. E. Gold ◽

K. Mendgen

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Host Cell ◽

Rust Fungus ◽

Mesophyll Cell ◽

Uromyces Appendiculatus ◽

Bean Rust ◽

Palisade Parenchyma ◽

Vegetative Development ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Mesophyll Cells

The morphology of intercellular and intracellular hyphae derived from basidiospores of Uromyces appendiculatus var. appendiculatus is described. Light and electron microscopic observations of the bean rust fungus were made on susceptible leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris from 3 to 10 days after inoculation. Following egress from invaded epidermal and palisade parenchyma cells, the fungus grew rapidly and developed extensive intercellular mycelium. An amorphous to fibrillar extracellular matrix was deposited between fungal and host cell walls. Intercellular hyphae grew closely appressed to the mesophyll cells and penetrated them to form intracellular hyphae from either a terminal or nonterminal mother cell. Intracellular hyphae were fingerlike, sometimes septate, and generally remained terminal in the invaded mesophyll cell. Occasionally the fungus exited the cell to become an intercellular hypha or an intracellular hypha in an adjacent host cell. The plant rarely exhibited a resistantlike reaction at sites of penetration into mesophyll cells.

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