Occurrence of Viruses and Clavibacter michiganensis in Winter Wheat in Illinois, 2009 to 2011 and 2019 to 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-320
Author(s):  
Nathan Kleczewski ◽  
Venkataramana Chapara ◽  
Carl A. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Brome Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Field surveys in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2019, and 2020 determined the incidence and diversity of viruses present in fields of soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) in Illinois. In addition, the putative presence of the bacterial mosaic pathogen, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. tessellarius (Cmt), was evaluated. A total of 341 fields were sampled across years, and plants were tested for barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-PAV; BYDV-MAV), barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV), brome mosaic virus (BMV), cereal yellow dwarf virus (CYDV-RPV), High Plains virus (HPV), Potyvirus group (POTY), soil-borne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), wheat spindle streak mosaic virus (WSSMV), wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), and Cmt using ELISA. Average field incidence across years varied by virus with BYDV-PAV (22%), WSSMV (16%), CYDV-RPV (7%), WSMV (3%), and HPV (0.5%) detected in samples. The bacterial mosaic pathogen (Cmt), or potentially a related species of Clavibacter, was detected the most frequently in each year, with an average incidence of 77%. The consistent detection of Cmt warrants further study to determine the nature of the organisms associated with positive Cmt tests and their role in Illinois wheat production systems.

Occurrence of Viruses in Wheat in the Great Plains Region, 2008

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Burrows ◽  
Gary Franc ◽  
Charlie Rush ◽  
Tamla Blunt ◽  
Dai Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
First Time

Field surveys in 2008 determined the prevalence and diversity of viruses present in the Great Plains wheat crops. Symptomatic plants (n = 754) in nine states were tested for Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV, formerly known as High Plains virus), Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV), Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV), and Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV (CYDV-RPV), using indirect ELISA. Virus prevalence varied greatly, with average frequency of detection highest for WSMV (47%), followed by WMoV (19%), TriMV (17%), BYDV-PAV (7%), and lowest for CYDV-RPV (2%). Most positive plant samples (37%) had one virus present, with decreasing frequencies for co-infection by two (19%), three (5%), or four viruses (1%). TriMV was detected for the first time in Colorado, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. WMoV was identified for the first time in Montana and Wyoming. Chlorotic streaks were more frequently associated with WSMV, WMoV, and TriMV (R = 0.166 to 0.342; P < 0.05), and stunting was more frequently associated with WMoV (R = 0.142; P = 0.004) or TriMV (R = 0.107; P = 0.033) than WSMV. Symptom severity did not increase with co-infection as compared to single virus infections, with the exception of plants co-infected with mite transmitted viruses in Texas. Accepted for publication 1 May 2009. Published 6 July 2009.

scholarly journals The virus infection of South-Hungarian corn fields

2011 ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
Melinda Apró ◽  
Mária Papp ◽  
Eszter Cseh ◽  
Richard Gáborjányi ◽  
József Horváth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Brome Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Das Elisa

The past years cereal diseases, including the virus diseases have been increased in Hungary as well as worldwide. The aim of our work was to survey the virus infection of South Hungarian wheat fields. Leaf samples were collected in Szeged at the experimental farm of Cereal Research Nonprofit Co., in April and Junes of 2009 and 2010. DAS ELISA tests were carried out using Loewe antisera of Brome mosaic virus (BMV), Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV), Brome streak mosaic virus (BStMV), Wheat dwarf virus (WDV), and Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) and measured with Labsystem Multiscan RC Elisa reader at 405nm. In the samples of 2009 the Wheat dwarf and Wheat streak mosaic viruses were dominated. It was also significant the appearance of the. Barley yellow dwarf virus. 2010. was favourable for the spread of the virus vectors, therefore the incidence of virus diseases increased.

scholarly journals Incidence of Viruses Infecting Winter Wheat in Alabama

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kira L. Bowen ◽  
John F. Murphy ◽  
Kathy L. Flanders ◽  
Paul L. Mask ◽  
Ruhui Li
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Cereal Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

The most important viral diseases of wheat are caused by Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV, strains PAV and MAV) and Cereal yellow dwarf virus (CYDV, strain RPV). Starting in 2000, winter wheat crops growing in northern, central, and southern Alabama were evaluated for the occurrence of BYDV-PAV and CYDV-RPV. In addition to these viruses, samples were tested for the presence of Soilborne wheat mosaic virus (SBWMV), Wheat spindle streak mosaic virus (WSSMV), and Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV). BYDV-PAV and CYDV-RPV were found throughout the state, alone or as co-infections, in 14.6% of the samples collected in 2000 and 12.2% of samples in 2001. PAV was found at a lower incidence than RPV (4.3 and 9.9%, respectively) in 2000; however, in 2001, PAV was detected in 8.2% and RPV in 1.9% of the samples. There was less rainfall than the 30-year average during the 1999-2000 growing season, and this may have contributed to differences in the relative incidence of PAV and RPV between the 2 years. SBWMV, WSSMV, and WSMV also were detected in Alabama in 2, 7.8, and 5.4% of the samples collected in 2000, respectively, and in 9.6, 34.3, and 18.5% of the samples collected in 2001, respectively. This is the first report of WSMV in Alabama winter wheat.

Modified Recurrent Selection for Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Tolerance in Winter Wheat

Crop Science ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen M. Bauske ◽  
Frederic L. Kolb ◽  
Adrianna D. Hewings ◽  
Gordon Cisar
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Virus Tolerance ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Grassy Weeds and Corn as Potential Sources of Barley yellow dwarf virus Spread Into Winter Wheat

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. PDIS-05-20-1004
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Rashidi ◽  
Regina K. Cruzado ◽  
Pamela J. S. Hutchinson ◽  
Nilsa A. Bosque-Pérez ◽  
Juliet M. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Virus Titer ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Virus Spread ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is an important vector-borne pathogen of cereals. Although many species of grasses are known to host BYDV, knowledge of their role in virus spread in regional agroecosystems remains limited. Between 2012 and 2016, Idaho winter wheat production was affected by BYDV. BYDV-PAV and the bird cherry-oat aphid (BCOA) (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) vector were commonly present in the affected areas. A series of greenhouse bioassays were performed to examine whether two types of corn (Zea mays L.), dent and sweet, and three commonly found grassy weeds, downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.), green foxtail (Setaria viridis L.), and foxtail barley (Hordeum jubatum L.), can be inoculated with BYDV (species BYDV-PAV) by BCOA and also act as sources of the virus in winter wheat. BCOA successfully transmitted BYDV-PAV to both corn types and all weed species. Virus titers differed between the weed species (P = 0.032) and between corn types (P = 0.001). In transmission bioassays, aphids were able to survive on these host plants during the 5-day acquisition access period and later successfully transmitted BYDV-PAV to winter wheat (var. SY Ovation). Transmission success was positively correlated with the virus titer of the source plant (P < 0.001) and influenced by weed species (P = 0.028) but not corn type. Overall, the results of our inoculation and transmission assays showed that the examined weed species and corn types can be inoculated with BYDV-PAV by BCOA and subsequently act as sources of infections in winter wheat.

scholarly journals Reaction of wheat varieties to infection with barley yellow dwarf virus and prospects for resistance breeding

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Veškrna ◽  
J. Chrpová ◽  
V. Šíp ◽  
T. Sedláček ◽  
P. Horčička
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Virus Content ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

The reaction of winter and spring wheat to infection with barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-PAV) was evaluated in three-year small-plot field trials on 71 wheat varieties registered in the Czech Republic and at two locations for two years on 63 selected potential sources of resistance. Disease symptoms (VSS) were visually recorded using a 0&ndash;9 scale and the percent reduction of grain weight per spike (GWS-R) was measured on twenty plants per plot. The evaluation showed that among the registered varieties of winter and spring wheat no variety had a high resistance to BYDV (with VSS lower than 3.5). GWS-R ranged between 24% and 60%. Higher variability in VSS was detected for the registered varieties of spring wheat compared to winter wheat. Among the registered varieties of winter wheat, Saskia, Rialto, Meritto, Rexia, and Svitava, as well as the spring wheat Leguan, received the best long-term evaluations. The highest level of resistance was detected for the PSR 3628 line (a hybrid of wheat and couch-grass), but in connection with a low agronomic value. The WKL91-138 line of spring wheat and some varieties (lines) with the detected moderate level of resistance, in particular, could offer good prospects for use in breeding. The presence of the Bdv2 gene was expressed only in the reduction of virus content on the 11<sup>th</sup> day after inoculation. Nevertheless, genotypes carrying this gene were evaluated in field trials as susceptible or very susceptible to infection with the Czech PAV isolate. Similarly, the presence of the Bdv1 gene detected with the help of WMS130 marker was no assurance of an increased level of resistance to BYDV. Hybridological analyses of crosses with the WKL91-138 line showed a polygenic nature of inheritance. Thus, the marker-assisted selection does not obviously promise success without a focus on detecting a larger number of QTLs.

Winter Wheat Responses to Bird Cherry‐Oat Aphids and Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Infection

Crop Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter E. Riedell ◽  
Robert W. Kieckhefer ◽  
Scott D. Haley ◽  
Marie A. C Langham ◽  
Paul D. Evenson
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus
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