scholarly journals Induced Systemic Protection Against Tomato Late Blight Elicited by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 1329-1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhinong Yan ◽  
M. S. Reddy ◽  
Choong-Min Ryu ◽  
John A. McInroy ◽  
Mark Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Local Resistance ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Two strains of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), Bacillus pumilus SE34 and Pseudomonas fluorescens 89B61, elicited systemic protection against late blight on tomato and reduced disease severity by a level equivalent to systemic acquired resistance induced by Phytophthora infestans or induced local resistance by chemical inducer β-amino butyric acid (BABA) in greenhouse assays. Germination of sporangia and zoospores of P. infestans on leaf surfaces of tomato plants treated with the two PGPR strains, pathogen, and chemical BABA was significantly reduced compared with the noninduced control. Induced protection elicited by PGPR, pathogen, and BABA were examined to determine the signal transduction pathways in three tomato lines: salicylic acid (SA)-hydroxylase transgenic tomato (nahG), ethylene insensitive mutants (Nr/Nr), and jasmonic acid insensitive mutants (def1). Results suggest that induced protection elicited by both bacilli and pseudomonad PGPR strains was SA-independent but ethylene- and jasmonic acid-dependent, whereas systemic acquired resistance elicited by the pathogen and induced local resistance by BABA were SA-dependent. The lack of colonization of tomato leaves by strain 89B61 suggests that the observed induced systemic resistance (ISR) was due to systemic protection by strain 89B61 and not attributable to a direct interaction between pathogen and biological control agent. Although strain SE34 was detected on tomato leaves, ISR mainly accounted for the systemic protection with this strain.

scholarly journals Integration of Biological Control Agents and Systemic Acquired Resistance Inducers Against Bacterial Spot on Tomato

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (7) ◽  
pp. 712-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Obradovic ◽  
J. B. Jones ◽  
M. T. Momol ◽  
S. M. Olson ◽  
L. E. Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Bacterial Spot ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Resistance Inducers

Two strains of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, two systemic acquired resistance inducers (harpin and acibenzolar-S-methyl), host-specific unformulated bacteriophages, and two antagonistic bacteria were evaluated for control of tomato bacterial spot incited by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria in greenhouse experiments. Untreated plants and plants treated with copper hydroxide were used as controls. The plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria or a tap water control were applied as a drench to the potting mix containing the seedlings, while the other treatments were applied to the foliage using a handheld sprayer. The plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria strains, when applied alone or in combination with other treatments, had no significant effect on bacterial spot intensity. Messenger and the antagonistic bacterial strains, when applied alone, had negligible effects on disease intensity. Unformulated phage or copper bactericide applications were inconsistent in performance under greenhouse conditions against bacterial spot. Although acibenzolar-S-methyl completely prevented occurrence of typical symptoms of the disease, necrotic spots typical of a hypersensitive reaction (HR) were observed on plants treated with acibenzolar-S-methyl alone. Electrolyte leakage and population dynamics experiments confirmed that acibenzolar-S-methyl-treated plants responded to inoculation by eliciting an HR. Application of bacteriophages in combination with acibenzolar-S-methyl suppressed a visible HR and provided excellent disease control. Although we were unable to quantify populations of the bacterium on the leaf surface, indirectly we determined that bacteriophages specific to the target bacterium reduced populations of a tomato race 3 strain of the pathogen on the leaf surface of acibenzolar-S-methyl-treated plants to levels that did not induce a visible HR. Integrated use of acibenzolar-S-methyl and phages may complement each other as an alternative management strategy against bacterial spot on tomato.

scholarly journals Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria induced resistance in Jatropha curcas through phenyl propanoid metabolism against Rhizoctoniabataticola

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
S. Kumar ◽  
M. Singh ◽  
Sushil Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Phenyl Propanoid ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

The root rot disease in Jatropha curcas L. caused by Rhizoctonia. bataticola (Taub.) Butler has been recorded in causing 10-12 per cent mortality of 20-30 days old seedlings of Jatropha curcasin southern Haryana. The incidence of this disease has also been observed from other parts of Haryana too. Induction of systemic resistance in host plants through microbes and their bioactive metabolites are attaining popularity in modern agricultural practices. Studies on the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria induced resistance in Jatropha curcas through phenyl propanoid metabolism against Rhizoctoniabataticola were undertaken at Chaudhary Charan Singh, Haryana Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Bawal. Three plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) viz., Pseudomonas maltophila, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis were evaluated for their potential to induce systemic resistance in Jatropha against root rot. The maximum increase of 97 per cent in total phenols, 120 per cent in peroxidase, 123 per cent in polyphenol oxidase, 101 per cent in phenylalanine ammonia lyase and 298 per cent in tyrosine ammonia lyase was detected in plants raised with Pseudomonas fluorescens+ Rhizoctoniaba-taticola inoculation in Jatropha curcas at 10 days post inoculation against control except total phenols where it was maximum (99%) at 30 DPI. There was slight or sharp decline in these parameters with age irrespective of inoculations. The pathogen challenged plants showed lower levels of total phenols and enzymes. The observations revealed that seed bacterization with Pseudomonas fluorescens results in accumulation of phenolics and battery of enzymes in response to pathogen infection and thereby induce resistance systemically.

Induction of systemic resistance by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in crop plants against pests and diseases

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Ramamoorthy ◽  
R Viswanathan ◽  
T Raguchander ◽  
V Prakasam ◽  
R Samiyappan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

scholarly journals Lack of Induced Systemic Resistance in Peanut to Late Leaf Spot Disease by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Chemical Elicitors

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (8) ◽  
pp. 879-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shouan Zhang ◽  
M. S. Reddy ◽  
Nancy Kokalis-Burelle ◽  
Larry W. Wells ◽  
Stevan P. Nightengale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Late Leaf Spot ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Significant Disease

A disease assay was optimized for late leaf spot disease of peanut using Cercosporidium per-sonatum in the greenhouse, and this assay was used in attempts to elicit induced systemic resistance using strains of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and chemical elicitors. Nineteen strains of spore-forming bacilli PGPR, including strains of Paenibacillus macerans, Brevibacillus brevis, Bacillus laterosporus, B. subtilis, B. pumilus, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. sphaericus, B. cereus, and B. pasteurii, which previously elicited systemic disease control activity on other crops, were evaluated in greenhouse assays. Seven PGPR strains elicited significant disease reduction in a single experiment; however, none repeated significant protection achieved in the greenhouse assay, while significant protection consistently occurred with the fungicide chlorothalonil (Bravo). In other greenhouse trials, neither stem injections of C. personatum nor foliar sprays of chemicals, including salicylic acid, sodium salicylate, isonicotinic acid, or benzo[1,2,3]thiadiazole-7-carbothioc acid S-methyl ester (Actigard), which elicit systemic acquired resistance on other crops, elicited significant disease protection. In contrast, foliar sprays with DL-β-amino-n-butyric acid (BABA), which is an elicitor of localized acquired resistance, resulted in significantly less late leaf spot disease in one of two tests. Combination treatments of four PGPR strains with BABA in the greenhouse did not significantly protect peanut from late leaf spot. Field trials conducted over two growing seasons indicated that none of the 19 PGPR strains, applied as seed treatments at two concentrations, significantly reduced late leaf spot disease. The same chemical elicitors tested in the greenhouse, including BABA, did not elicit significant disease protection. Some combinations of four PGPR and BABA significantly reduced the disease at one but not at two sample times. Collectively, these results suggest that late leaf spot resistance in peanut is not systemically inducible in the same manner as is resistance to diseases in other crops by PGPR and chemical inducers.

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