scholarly journals Lack of Induced Systemic Resistance in Peanut to Late Leaf Spot Disease by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Chemical Elicitors

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (8) ◽  
pp. 879-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shouan Zhang ◽  
M. S. Reddy ◽  
Nancy Kokalis-Burelle ◽  
Larry W. Wells ◽  
Stevan P. Nightengale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Late Leaf Spot ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Significant Disease

A disease assay was optimized for late leaf spot disease of peanut using Cercosporidium per-sonatum in the greenhouse, and this assay was used in attempts to elicit induced systemic resistance using strains of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and chemical elicitors. Nineteen strains of spore-forming bacilli PGPR, including strains of Paenibacillus macerans, Brevibacillus brevis, Bacillus laterosporus, B. subtilis, B. pumilus, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. sphaericus, B. cereus, and B. pasteurii, which previously elicited systemic disease control activity on other crops, were evaluated in greenhouse assays. Seven PGPR strains elicited significant disease reduction in a single experiment; however, none repeated significant protection achieved in the greenhouse assay, while significant protection consistently occurred with the fungicide chlorothalonil (Bravo). In other greenhouse trials, neither stem injections of C. personatum nor foliar sprays of chemicals, including salicylic acid, sodium salicylate, isonicotinic acid, or benzo[1,2,3]thiadiazole-7-carbothioc acid S-methyl ester (Actigard), which elicit systemic acquired resistance on other crops, elicited significant disease protection. In contrast, foliar sprays with DL-β-amino-n-butyric acid (BABA), which is an elicitor of localized acquired resistance, resulted in significantly less late leaf spot disease in one of two tests. Combination treatments of four PGPR strains with BABA in the greenhouse did not significantly protect peanut from late leaf spot. Field trials conducted over two growing seasons indicated that none of the 19 PGPR strains, applied as seed treatments at two concentrations, significantly reduced late leaf spot disease. The same chemical elicitors tested in the greenhouse, including BABA, did not elicit significant disease protection. Some combinations of four PGPR and BABA significantly reduced the disease at one but not at two sample times. Collectively, these results suggest that late leaf spot resistance in peanut is not systemically inducible in the same manner as is resistance to diseases in other crops by PGPR and chemical inducers.

scholarly journals Mixtures of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Enhance Biological Control of Multiple Cucumber Pathogens

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 1158-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg S. Raupach ◽  
Joseph W. Kloepper
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Angular Leaf Spot ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains INR7 (Bacillus pumilus), GB03 (Bacillus subtilis), and ME1 (Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens) were tested singly and in combinations for biological control against multiple cucumber pathogens. Investigations under greenhouse conditions were conducted with three cucumber pathogens—Colletotrichum orbiculare (causing anthracnose), Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans (causing angular leaf spot), and Erwinia tracheiphila(causing cucurbit wilt disease)—inoculated singly and in all possible combinations. There was a general trend across all experiments toward greater suppression and enhanced consistency against multiple cucumber pathogens using strain mixtures. The same three PGPR strains were evaluated as seed treatments in two field trials over two seasons, and two strains, IN26 (Burkholderia gladioli) and INR7 also were tested as foliar sprays in one of the trials. In the field trials, the efficacy of induced systemic resistance activity was determined against introduced cucumber pathogens naturally spread within plots through placement of infected plants into the field to provide the pathogen inoculum. PGPR-mediated disease suppression was observed against angular leaf spot in 1996 and against a mixed infection of angular leaf spot and anthracnose in 1997. The three-way mixture of PGPR strains (INR7 plus ME1 plus GB03) as a seed treatment showed intensive plant growth promotion and disease reduction to a level statistically equivalent to the synthetic elicitor Actigard applied as a spray.

scholarly journals Biocontrol of Cucumber Diseases in the Field by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria With and Without Methyl Bromide Fumigation

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (10) ◽  
pp. 1073-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Raupach ◽  
J. W. Kloepper
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Angular Leaf Spot ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Field trials were conducted in 1996 and 1997 to determine the effect of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains, which previously were found to induce systemic resistance in cucumber, on cucumber plant growth and on naturally occurring cucumber diseases with and without methyl bromide fumigation. Seven PGPR seed treatments included single-strain treatments and mixtures of Bacillus pumilus strain INR7, Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens strain ME1, and Bacillus subtilis strain GB03. In both years, in the absence of methyl bromide, all seven PGPR treatments significantly promoted plant growth, compared to the non-treated control, while with methyl bromide fumigation, only 3 and 1 of the same PGPR treatments promoted growth significantly in 1996 and 1997, respectively. In 1996, main runner length of plants in all seven PGPR treatments without fumigation was statistically equivalent to the main runner length of the nontreated control with methyl bromide fumigation. Naturally occurring foliar diseases were angular leaf spot, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans in 1996, and a mixed infestation of angular leaf spot and anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum orbiculare in 1997. In both years, all PGPR treatments significantly reduced severity of foliar disease, compared to the nontreated control, with and without methyl bromide. Mixtures of PGPR strains showed a higher level of disease protection in both years with and without methyl bromide. The results indicate that attempts to develop PGPR-mediated induced systemic resistance into components of vegetable integrated pest management should not be negatively impacted by the planned withdraw of MeBr from standard vegetable production and that PGPR may help compensate for reduced plant growth often seen without methyl bromide fumigation.

scholarly journals Induced Systemic Protection Against Tomato Late Blight Elicited by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 1329-1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhinong Yan ◽  
M. S. Reddy ◽  
Choong-Min Ryu ◽  
John A. McInroy ◽  
Mark Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Local Resistance ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Two strains of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), Bacillus pumilus SE34 and Pseudomonas fluorescens 89B61, elicited systemic protection against late blight on tomato and reduced disease severity by a level equivalent to systemic acquired resistance induced by Phytophthora infestans or induced local resistance by chemical inducer β-amino butyric acid (BABA) in greenhouse assays. Germination of sporangia and zoospores of P. infestans on leaf surfaces of tomato plants treated with the two PGPR strains, pathogen, and chemical BABA was significantly reduced compared with the noninduced control. Induced protection elicited by PGPR, pathogen, and BABA were examined to determine the signal transduction pathways in three tomato lines: salicylic acid (SA)-hydroxylase transgenic tomato (nahG), ethylene insensitive mutants (Nr/Nr), and jasmonic acid insensitive mutants (def1). Results suggest that induced protection elicited by both bacilli and pseudomonad PGPR strains was SA-independent but ethylene- and jasmonic acid-dependent, whereas systemic acquired resistance elicited by the pathogen and induced local resistance by BABA were SA-dependent. The lack of colonization of tomato leaves by strain 89B61 suggests that the observed induced systemic resistance (ISR) was due to systemic protection by strain 89B61 and not attributable to a direct interaction between pathogen and biological control agent. Although strain SE34 was detected on tomato leaves, ISR mainly accounted for the systemic protection with this strain.

scholarly journals Registration of three peanut allotetraploid interspecific hybrids resistant to late leaf spot disease and tomato spotted wilt

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Chu ◽  
H. Thomas Stalker ◽  
Kathleen Marasigan ◽  
Chandler M. Levinson ◽  
Dongying Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Late Leaf Spot ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt

scholarly journals Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria induced resistance in Jatropha curcas through phenyl propanoid metabolism against Rhizoctoniabataticola

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
S. Kumar ◽  
M. Singh ◽  
Sushil Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Phenyl Propanoid ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

The root rot disease in Jatropha curcas L. caused by Rhizoctonia. bataticola (Taub.) Butler has been recorded in causing 10-12 per cent mortality of 20-30 days old seedlings of Jatropha curcasin southern Haryana. The incidence of this disease has also been observed from other parts of Haryana too. Induction of systemic resistance in host plants through microbes and their bioactive metabolites are attaining popularity in modern agricultural practices. Studies on the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria induced resistance in Jatropha curcas through phenyl propanoid metabolism against Rhizoctoniabataticola were undertaken at Chaudhary Charan Singh, Haryana Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Bawal. Three plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) viz., Pseudomonas maltophila, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis were evaluated for their potential to induce systemic resistance in Jatropha against root rot. The maximum increase of 97 per cent in total phenols, 120 per cent in peroxidase, 123 per cent in polyphenol oxidase, 101 per cent in phenylalanine ammonia lyase and 298 per cent in tyrosine ammonia lyase was detected in plants raised with Pseudomonas fluorescens+ Rhizoctoniaba-taticola inoculation in Jatropha curcas at 10 days post inoculation against control except total phenols where it was maximum (99%) at 30 DPI. There was slight or sharp decline in these parameters with age irrespective of inoculations. The pathogen challenged plants showed lower levels of total phenols and enzymes. The observations revealed that seed bacterization with Pseudomonas fluorescens results in accumulation of phenolics and battery of enzymes in response to pathogen infection and thereby induce resistance systemically.

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