Altered gut microbiome in FUT2 loss‐of‐function mutants in support of personalized medicine for inflammatory bowel diseases

The major concern for the practitioner is to determine the correct approach to the treatment. The personalized medicine allows the modern practitioner to leverage the individual patient characteristics, preventing the development of complications and disability. What therapeutic possibilities do modern gastroenterologists have for the treatment of ulcerative colitis? We asked this question to the Chairman of the Russian Society for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Head of the Department of Gastroenterology of Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Elena Alexandrovna Belousova.

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Personalized medicine in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases

Terapevticheskii arkhiv ◽

10.26442/terarkh20189024-11 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 90 (2) ◽

pp. 4-11

Author(s):

A I Parfenov ◽

O V Knyazev ◽

A V Kagramanova ◽

N A Fadeeva

Keyword(s):

Personalized Medicine ◽

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Pathological Condition ◽

Individualized Medicine ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Phenotypic Traits ◽

Biological Drugs ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

Personalized medicine (personalized medicine, individualized medicine) represents the totality of methods of prevention of a pathological condition, diagnosis and treatment in the event of its occurrence, based on individual patient characteristics. Such individual characteristics include genetic, epigenetic, and transcript, proteome, metabolomic and metagenomic markers, as well as a set of variable phenotypic traits - both of the patient's body and its separate tissues or cells. For example, treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) can most clearly show the importance of applying personalized approaches. Currently in the treatment of patients with IBD paid great attention to genetic studies, monitoring of the concentration of the biological drugs and the level of antibodies to them, the role of microbiota as a predictor of effectiveness of therapy of IBD. Used clinical, laboratory, instrumental methods, as well as new biomarkers to assess the forecasting efficiency of conservative therapy in IBD patient. In the future treatment of patients with IBD will include a number of personalized data in order to better predict outcomes of the disease in each patient and more accurately select the appropriate treatment regimen.

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Metagenomic alterations in gut microbiota precede and predict onset of colitis in the IL10 gene-deficient murine model

10.1101/2020.05.04.078022 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jun Miyoshi ◽

Sonny T. M. Lee ◽

Megan Kennedy ◽

Mora Puertolas ◽

Mary Frith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Murine Model ◽

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

Gut Microbiome ◽

Predictive Biomarkers ◽

Disease Outcomes ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Robust Measures

AbstractBackground & AimsInflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory disorders where predictive biomarkers for the disease development and clinical course are sorely needed for development of prevention and early intervention strategies that can be implemented to improve clinical outcomes. Since gut microbiome alterations can reflect and/or contribute to impending host health changes, we examined whether gut microbiota metagenomic profiles would provide more robust measures for predicting disease outcomes in colitis-prone hosts.MethodsUsing the IL-10 gene-deficient (IL-10 KO) murine model where early life dysbiosis from antibiotic (cefoperozone, CPZ) treated dams vertically-transferred to pups increases risk for colitis later in life, we investigated temporal metagenomic profiles in the gut microbiota of post-weaning offspring and determined their relationship to eventual clinical outcomes.ResultsCompared to controls, offspring acquiring maternal CPZ-induced dysbiosis exhibited a restructuring of intestinal microbial membership both in bacteriome and mycobiome that were associated with alterations in specific functional subsystems. Furthermore, among IL-10 KO offspring from CPZ-treated dams, several functional subsystems, particularly nitrogen metabolism, diverged between mice that developed spontaneous colitis (CPZ-colitis) versus those that did not (CPZ-no-colitis) at a time point prior to eventual clinical outcome.ConclusionsOur findings provide support that functional metagenomic profiling of gut microbes has potential and promise meriting further study for development of tools to assess risk and manage human IBD.SynopsisCurrently, predictive markers for the development and course of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are not available. This study supports the notion that gut microbiome metagenomic profiles could be developed into a useful tool to assess risk and manage human IBD.

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