Olfactory nerve stimulation activates rat mitral cells via NMDA and non-NMDA receptors in vitro

Neuroreport ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 989-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Ennis ◽  
Lee A. Zimmer ◽  
Michael T. Shipley
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Olfactory Nerve ◽  
Mitral Cells

scholarly journals Top-down acetylcholine signaling via olfactory bulb vasopressin cells contributes to social discrimination in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Suyama ◽  
Veronica Egger ◽  
Michael Lukas
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor ◽  
Olfactory Nerve ◽  
Olfactory Cues ◽  
Social Discrimination ◽  
Top Down

AbstractSocial discrimination in rats requires activation of the intrinsic bulbar vasopressin system, but it is unclear how this system comes into operation, as olfactory nerve stimulation primarily inhibits bulbar vasopressin cells (VPCs). Here we show that stimulation with a conspecific can activate bulbar VPCs, indicating that VPC activation depends on more than olfactory cues during social interaction. A series of in vitro electrophysiology, pharmacology and immunohistochemistry experiments implies that acetylcholine, probably originating from centrifugal projections, can enable olfactory nerve-evoked action potentials in VPCs. Finally, cholinergic activation of the vasopressin system contributes to vasopressin-dependent social discrimination, since recognition of a known rat was blocked by bulbar infusion of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist atropine and rescued by additional bulbar application of vasopressin. Thus, our results implicate that top-down cholinergic modulation of bulbar VPC activity is involved in social discrimination in rats.

Excitotoxicity in vitro by NR2A- and NR2B-containing NMDA receptors

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob von Engelhardt ◽  
Irinel Coserea ◽  
Verena Pawlak ◽  
Elke C. Fuchs ◽  
Georg Köhr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptors

Generation of Slow Network Oscillations in the Developing Rat Hippocampus After Blockade of Glutamate Uptake

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 2324-2336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Augusto Cattani ◽  
Valérie Delphine Bonfardin ◽  
Alfonso Represa ◽  
Yehezkel Ben-Ari ◽  
Laurent Aniksztejn
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
Glutamate Uptake ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
Network Oscillations ◽  
Bath Application ◽  
Hippocampal Network

Cell-surface glutamate transporters are essential for the proper function of early cortical networks because their dysfunction induces seizures in the newborn rat in vivo. We have now analyzed the consequences of their inhibition by dl-TBOA on the activity of the developing CA1 rat hippocampal network in vitro. dl-TBOA generated a pattern of recurrent depolarization with an onset and decay of several seconds' duration in interneurons and pyramidal cells. These slow network oscillations (SNOs) were mostly mediated by γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in pyramidal cells and by GABA and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in interneurons. However, in both cell types SNOs were blocked by NMDA receptor antagonists, suggesting that their generation requires a glutamatergic drive. Moreover, in interneurons, SNOs were still generated after the blockade of NMDA-mediated synaptic currents with MK-801, suggesting that SNOs are expressed by the activation of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors. Long-lasting bath application of glutamate or NMDA failed to induce SNOs, indicating that they are generated by periodic but not sustained activation of NMDA receptors. In addition, SNOs were observed in interneurons recorded in slices with or without the strata pyramidale and oriens, suggesting that the glutamatergic drive may originate from the radiatum and pyramidale strata. We propose that in the absence of an efficient transport of glutamate, the transmitter diffuses in the extracellular space to activate extrasynaptic NMDA receptors preferentially present on interneurons that in turn activate other interneurons and pyramidal cells. This periodic neuronal coactivation may contribute to the generation of seizures when glutamate transport dysfunction is present.

Comparative Physiology of the Vertebrate Autonomic Nervous System

1963 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-436
Author(s):  
G. BURNSTOCK ◽  
G. CAMPBELL
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Circular Muscle ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
Evolutionary Significance ◽  
Blocking Agents ◽  
Pelvic Nerves ◽  
Drug Actions ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. A histological study of the structure of the urinary bladder of the ringtail possum has been made. The innervation of the bladder has been studied in vitro, using the technique of analytical pharmacology. 2. The bladder has well-defined inner longitudinal and outer circular muscle layers. Nerves supplying the bladder are found both in the pelvic nerves and in the vesical nerves which run with the vascular supply of the bladder fundus. Ganglia have been demonstrated along the trunks of the vesical nerves and also aggregated at the bladder neck. 3. The response of the bladder to stimulation of either nerve supply in situ or in vitro is always a simultaneous contraction of both longitudinal and circular muscles. Inhibitory responses to nerve stimulation have never been observed. The optimal frequency for stimulation of these nerves at 30° C. is 50 pulses/sec. 4. The bladder is contracted by ACh and 5-hydroxytryptamine, but is relaxed by adrenaline, noradrenaline and histamine. 5. The response to nerve stimulation is reduced by atropine and potentiated by eserine. Adrenergic blocking agents do not affect the nerve-mediated response unless they also affect the response to applied ACh in a similar manner. 6. Ganglionic blocking agents, in concentrations which do not reduce the response to ACh, cause up to a 40% reduction of the response to stimulation of either the vesical or the pelvic nerves. 7. It is concluded that the nerve fibres supplying the possum bladder are cholinergic, perhaps 40 % of them being stimulated pre-ganglionically. 8. The evolutionary significance of these observations is discussed. 9. Some points of pharmacological interest have been discussed in relation to drug actions on placental mammal preparations.

The role of NMDA receptors in in vitro epileptogenesis

1992 ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilkie A. Wilson ◽  
Steven Stasheff ◽  
Scott Swartzwelder ◽  
Suzanne Clark ◽  
William W. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptors

scholarly journals 136-03: Autonomic Nerve Stimulation in an In-vitro Model of Heart Failure

EP Europace ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. i89-i89
Author(s):  
Shui Hao Chin ◽  
Emily Wake ◽  
Gabriella Kocsis-Fodor ◽  
Kieran E Brack ◽  
G. Andre Ng
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Vitro Model

Sera from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients induce the non-canonical activation of NMDA receptors “in vitro”

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 954-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Texidó ◽  
Sara Hernández ◽  
Mireia Martín-Satué ◽  
Mònica Povedano ◽  
Anna Casanovas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Remifentanil Directly Activates Human N-methyl-d-aspartate Receptors Expressed in Xenopus laevis Oocytes

2004 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 1531-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Hahnenkamp ◽  
Joke Nollet ◽  
Hugo K. Van Aken ◽  
Hartmut Buerkle ◽  
Tobias Halene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Xenopus Laevis Oocytes ◽  
Opiate Tolerance ◽  
Induced Currents ◽  
Pore Blocker

Background Clinical studies suggest that intraoperative administration of the clinical remifentanil formulation Ultiva (GlaxoWellcome GmbH & Co, Bad Oldesloe, Germany) increases postoperative pain and postoperative analgesic requirements, but mechanisms remain unclear. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are thought to play a major role in development of postoperative pain and opiate tolerance. The authors hypothesized that Ultiva directly stimulates human NMDA receptors. Methods To test this hypothesis, the authors expressed human NR1A/NR2A and NR1A/NR2B NMDA receptors in Xenopus laevis oocytes by injection of messenger RNA prepared in vitro. After protein expression, they used a two-electrode voltage clamp to measure currents induced by NMDA receptor agonists and opioids. Results Noninjected cells were unresponsive to all compounds tested. Glutamate/glycine (1 nM-1 mM each) or Ultiva (0.01 pM-0.1 mM) stimulated NMDA receptors concentration dependently. NR1A/2A EC50 values were 8.0 microM/12 microM for glutamate/glycine and 3.5 nM for Ultiva, and NR1A/2B EC50 values were 3.9 microM/1.9 microM for glutamate/glycine and 0.82 microM for Ultiva. Glycine in combination with Ultiva showed no additive effect compared with Ultiva alone. Ultiva-induced currents were inhibited by MK-801 (pore blocker) but not by 7-CK (glycine antagonist), D-AP5 (glutamate antagonist), or naloxone. Fentanyl (10 microM) did not stimulate NMDA receptors. Conclusion These data indicate that Ultiva but not fentanyl stimulates NMDA receptors of different subunit combinations (NR1A/2A, NR1A/2B). The mechanism seems to be allosteric activation of the NMDA receptor.

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