Desensitization of β-Adrenoceptor-Mediated Functional Responses of Guinea Pig Atria by In Vitro Incubation with Isoprenaline

1990 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Herepath ◽  
Kenneth J. Broadley
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
In Vitro Incubation ◽  
Guinea Pig Atria

Comparative physiology of rodent pulmonary macrophages: in vitro functional responses

1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1953-1959 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Warheit ◽  
M. A. Hartsky ◽  
M. S. Stefaniak
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Lung Cells ◽  
Comparative Physiology ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Inhaled Particles ◽  
Pulmonary Macrophages ◽  
The One ◽  
Formyl Peptides

Since toxicological testing of inhaled materials frequently requires utilization of several species, we have investigated pulmonary macrophage (PM) functional responses and compared the rat model with other rodents. Two strains of rats, three strains of mice, and one strain each of hamster and guinea pig were used in this study. The numbers of recovered cells by bronchoalveolar lavage generally correlated with animal body weight. The one exception was the Syrian Golden hamster from which increased numbers of macrophages were recovered. Cellular differential data obtained from lavaged cytocentrifuge preparations demonstrated that PM's account for greater than 97% of recoverable free lung cells for all species except the guinea pig, which contains a resident population of eosinophils. Cell morphology studies indicated that hamster PM exhibited the highest proportion of ruffled PM and demonstrated the highest phagocytic activity, whereas mouse PM phagocytic activity was significantly reduced compared with the other three species. In addition, chemotaxis studies showed that rat PM migrated best to zymosan-activated, complement-dependent chemoattractants, whereas hamster PM demonstrated an enhanced chemotactic response to N-formyl peptides. The results of these studies suggest that the rat may be the most efficient species for clearing inhaled particles, whereas hamsters and guinea pigs may best respond to bacteria.

The effect of incubation on the weight of guinea pig cardiac muscle preparations

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don P. MacLeod
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Cardiac Muscle ◽  
Physical Process ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Metabolic Depression ◽  
Anoxic Conditions ◽  
Guinea Pig Atria ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Guinea pig atria and ventricular strips were found to lose weight during incubation in vitro. This weight loss is not measurably changed by incubation under anoxic conditions, at 20 °C, or in the presence of ouabain. The percent water of the preparations remained constant during weight loss. Various changes in sodium and potassium occurred in the two preparations and in the same preparation under different environmental conditions but did not correlate with the weight loss. The results demonstrated weight loss of equal parts water and solid from cardiac muscle during incubation in vitro with no serious alteration in cation concentrations. The loss is not altered by metabolic depression, suggesting a physical process.

Inhibition of Human and Animal Platelet Adhesiveness to Glass Bead Columns by Adenosine, Dipyridamole, Chlorpromazine and Acetylsalicylic Acid

1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buichi Fujttani ◽  
Toshimichi Tsuboi ◽  
Kazuko Takeno ◽  
Kouichi Yoshida ◽  
Masanao Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Glass Bead ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rabbit Platelet ◽  
Platelet Adhesiveness

SummaryThe differences among human, rabbit and guinea-pig platelet adhesiveness as for inhibitions by adenosine, dipyridamole, chlorpromazine and acetylsalicylic acid are described, and the influence of measurement conditions on platelet adhesiveness is also reported. Platelet adhesiveness of human and animal species decreased with an increase of heparin concentrations and an increase of flow rate of blood passing through a glass bead column. Human and rabbit platelet adhesiveness was inhibited in vitro by adenosine, dipyridamole and chlorpromazine, but not by acetylsalicylic acid. On the other hand, guinea-pig platelet adhesiveness was inhibited by the four drugs including acetylsalicylic acid. In in vivo study, adenosine, dipyridamole and chlorpromazine inhibited platelet adhesiveness in rabbits and guinea-pigs. Acetylsalicylic acid showed the inhibitory effect in guinea-pigs, but not in rabbits.

INHIBITION OF LIPOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF SYNTHETIC β1–24 AND β1–39 CORTICOTROPHIN BY ANTI-ACTH ANTISERUM

1966 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Villanueva ◽  
S. J. H. Ashcroft ◽  
J. P. Felber
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Lipolytic Activity ◽  
Peptide Hormones ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Double Antibody ◽  
Epididymal Fat ◽  
Antibody Complex ◽  
Radio Immunoassay ◽  
Antigen Antibody

ABSTRACT The synthetic ACTH peptides β1–39 and β1–24 stimulated lipolysis as determined by the rat epididymal fat pad in vitro. The stimulating effect of these peptides was diminished by prior incubation of the peptides with antibodies produced by the guinea-pig against ACTH. The stimulating effect of these hormones was also diminished by the double antibody system used in the radio-immunoassay of ACTH and other peptide hormones, in which incubation with antiserum is followed by precipitation of the antigen-antibody complex by rabbit anti-guinea-pig-γ-globulin.

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