Lateral pharyngoplasty for velopharyngeal incompetence of cleft palate deformity. (Japanese)

1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
Tsukada S ◽  
Osamu Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Velopharyngeal Incompetence ◽  
Lateral Pharyngoplasty

Nasalance Scores in Wearers of a Palatal Lift Prosthesis in Comparison with Normative Data for Japanese

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Tachimura ◽  
Yasuko Kotani ◽  
Takeshi Wada
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Velopharyngeal Incompetence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Velopharyngeal Function ◽  
Normative Score ◽  
Nasal Emission ◽  
Normal Controls

Objective This study was designed to examine whether nasalance score is changed in association with placement of a palatal lift prosthesis (PLP) and whether normative data previously reported are applicable to evaluate the effect of a PLP on velopharyngeal function as it relates to nasality. Design Nasalance scores were obtained as subjects read the Kitsutsuki Passage three times with the PLP in place and then removed. Participants Forty-three children (mean age 9.0 years, SD = 3.6 years) with repaired cleft palate who were treated with a PLP were selected as subjects. Their speech was characterized by nasal emission of air, slight hypernasality without a PLP but within normal limits with a PLP in place, or both. Main Outcome Measures Comparisons were made between normative scores and the average mean nasalance score of subjects with and without the PLP. Results Average values of the mean nasalance score for subjects were 17.3% (SD 7.6%) with the PLP in place and 33.5% (SD 13.3%) without the PLP in place. These scores were greater than the mean score of 9.1% (SD 3.9%) obtained from normal controls previously reported. Conclusion A PLP can decrease nasalance scores for speakers with repaired cleft palate who exhibit velopharyngeal incompetence. It was suggested that the normative score obtained from normal adult speakers is not applicable to evaluate the effect of a PLP to improve velopharyngeal function for children wearing the PLP.

Effects of palatal lift prosthesis and repushback surgery on velopharyngeal incompetence in cleft palate patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
T. Ninomiya ◽  
Y. Kubota ◽  
M. Sasaki ◽  
T. Ikari ◽  
T. Sugi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Velopharyngeal Incompetence

Change in Levator Veli Palatini Muscle Activity for Patients with Cleft Palate in Association with Placement of a Speech-Aid Prosthesis

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Tachimura ◽  
Kanji Nohara ◽  
Yoshinori Fujita ◽  
Takeshi Wada
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Reserve Capacity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Levator Veli Palatini ◽  
Velopharyngeal Incompetence ◽  
Velopharyngeal Closure ◽  
The Mean

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine whether a speech-aid prosthesis normalizes the activity of the levator veli palatini muscle for patients with cleft palate who exhibit velopharyngeal incompetence. Design: Each subject was instructed to produce repetitions of /mu/, /u/, /pu/, /su/, and /tsu/ and to blow with maximum possible effort. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of the levator veli palatini muscle was recorded with and without a hybrid speech-aid prosthesis in place. Participants: The participants were five patients with repaired cleft palate who were routinely wearing a hybrid speech-aid prosthesis. Results: With the prosthesis in place, the mean value of levator activity changed positively in relation to oral air-pressure change during blowing. Differences in levator activity in relation to speech samples were similar to those in normal speakers. With the prosthesis in place, levator activity for speech tasks was less than 50% of the maximum levator activity for all subjects. The findings were similar to those reported previously for normal speakers. Conclusion: Placement of the prosthesis changed EMG activity levels of the levator veli palatini muscle to levels that are similar to normal speakers. It is possible that, with the increase in the differential levator activity between speech and a maximum force task, the velopharyngeal mechanism has a greater reserve capacity to maintain velopharyngeal closure compared with the noprosthesis condition.

A New Therapeutic Technique for the Treatment of Velopharyngeal Incompetence

1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Shprintzen ◽  
Gerald N. McCall ◽  
M. Leon Skolnick
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Successive Approximation ◽  
Normal Closure ◽  
Therapeutic Technique ◽  
Velopharyngeal Incompetence ◽  
Closure Mechanism ◽  
Operant Procedure

A new therapeutic technique for the treatment of velopharyngeal incompetence during speech was administered to four subjects ranging in age from four to 19 years. The technique is an operant procedure designed to utilize successive approximation to competent speech via competent blowing or whistling closure mechanisms. The technique is based on cinefluoroscopic observations of normals utilizing the same closure mechanism for speech, blowing, and whistling plus videofluoroscopic observations of cleft-palate subjects who were capable of attaining normal closure patterns for blowing and whistling, but not for speech. It is speculated that speech incompetence in individuals who can achieve closure during blowing and whistling is a result of an error in learning.

Comparison of Velopharyngeal Growth Patterns between Cleft Lip and/or Palate Patients Requiring or Not Requiring Pharyngeal Flap Surgery

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 452-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mazaheri ◽  
Athanasios E. Athanasiou ◽  
Ross E. Long
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Flap Surgery ◽  
Velopharyngeal Incompetence ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Pharyngeal Flap

This investigation compares the patterns of velopharyngeal growth in cleft lip and/or palate patients. Those who had velopharyngeal competence and acceptable speech are compared with those who presented with velopharyngeal incompetence requiring pharyngeal flap surgery or prosthesis later. Lateral cephalograms of 30 cleft palate only (CPO), 35 unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), and 20 bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) children of the Lancaster Cleft Palate Clinic were studied. These records were taken at 6 month intervals during the first 2 postnatal years and annually thereafter up to 6 years of age. Soft tissue landmark points in the velopharyngeal region were digitized. Length and thickness of the soft palate and height and depth of the nasopharynx were measured. Evaluation of the growth curves of these four cephalometric variables indicated only two significant differences between children who later required pharyngeal flap surgery and those who did not. These differences were found in the growth in length of the soft palate of the CPO group and in the growth in depth of the nasopharynx of the BCLP group. Based on the present cephalometric data, it is Impossible to predict at an early age those cleft lip and/or palate patients who will later require pharyngeal flaps.

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