Home Collection Versus Publicly Funded HIV Testing in San Francisco: Who Tests Where?

Background: To apply a novel method to adjust for HIV knowledge as an unmeasured confounder for the effect of unsafe injection on future HIV testing. Methods: The data were collected from 601 HIV-negative persons who inject drugs (PWID) from a cohort in San Francisco. The panel-data generalized estimating equations (GEE) technique was used to estimate the adjusted risk ratio (RR) for the effect of unsafe injection on not being tested (NBT) for HIV. Expert opinion quantified the bias parameters to adjust for insufficient knowledge about HIV transmission as an unmeasured confounder using Bayesian bias analysis. Results: Expert opinion estimated that 2.5%–40.0% of PWID with unsafe injection had insufficient HIV knowledge; whereas 1.0%–20.0% who practiced safe injection had insufficient knowledge. Experts also estimated the RR for the association between insufficient knowledge and NBT for HIV as 1.1-5.0. The RR estimate for the association between unsafe injection and NBT for HIV, adjusted for measured confounders, was 0.96 (95% confidence interval: 0.89,1.03). However, the RR estimate decreased to 0.82 (95% credible interval: 0.64, 0.99) after adjusting for insufficient knowledge as an unmeasured confounder. Conclusion: Our Bayesian approach that uses expert opinion to adjust for unmeasured confounders revealed that PWID who practice unsafe injection are more likely to be tested for HIV – an association that was not seen by conventional analysis.

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HIV Testing Patterns and Unrecognized HIV Infection Among Young Asian and Pacific Islander Men Who Have Sex With Men in San Francisco

AIDS Education and Prevention ◽

10.1521/aeap.2005.17.6.540 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 540-554 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Tri D. Do ◽

Sanny Chen ◽

Willi McFarland ◽

Gina M. Secura ◽

Stephanie K. Behel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Hiv Testing ◽

San Francisco ◽

Pacific Islander ◽

Asian And Pacific Islander ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Testing Patterns

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HIV Testing Behaviors Among Latina Women Tested for HIV in Florida, 2012

Hispanic Health Care International ◽

10.1177/1540415317696196 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 27-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Janelle Taveras ◽

Mary Jo Trepka ◽

Purnima Madhivanan ◽

Erica L. Gollub ◽

Jessy Devieux ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Hiv Testing ◽

The United States ◽

Test Results ◽

Publicly Funded ◽

Latina Women ◽

Prevention Services ◽

Hiv Test ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Racial Ethnic

Introduction: Latina women in the United States (US) are not only disproportionately affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection but also underuse HIV prevention services, such as HIV testing. Method: HIV testing events were examined to describe the HIV testing behaviors and test results among Latinas tested in 2012 at publicly funded sites in Florida, United States. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the demographic characteristics associated with reports of previous testing and positive HIV test results. Results: Of the 184,037 testing events, 87,569 (45.6%) were among non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs), 47,926 (26.0%) non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs), 41,117 (22.3%) Latinas, 5,672 (3.1%) those with unknown race/ethnicity, and 1,753 (1.0%) other racial/ethnic groups. Compared to NHW and NHB women, Latinas testing for HIV were older (mean age = 32.1, NHW = mean age 30.3, NHB = mean age 30.0; p < .0001). Results indicated that women who reported previous HIV testing had decreased odds of being Latina (adjusted odds ratio = 0.90; 95% confidence interval [0.87, 0.94]). Conclusion: These findings indicate that Latinas are underusing HIV testing, and efforts are needed to increase the proportion of Latinas, especially younger Latinas, tested for HIV in Florida.

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