Abstract
Background
Quadrivalent conjugate and polysaccharide meningococcal vaccines (MenACWY) have been recommended in the United States for patients at high-risk due to functional or anatomic asplenia, complement component deficiency (CD) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Serogroup B vaccines (MenB) are recommended for patients ≥10 years of age with asplenia or CD. Little is currently known about meningococcal vaccine uptake and time to vaccination among patients with incident high-risk diagnoses.
Methods
Patients newly diagnosed (1 inpatient or ≥2 outpatient medical claims with evidence of the condition ≥30 days apart) with functional or anatomic asplenia (excluding sickle cell disease), CD or HIV infection were identified in the Optum Research Database. Continuous enrollment for ≥12 months before and ≥6 months after the diagnosis date (index date) was required. Patients with evidence of pre-existing conditions were excluded. MenACWY uptake was assessed among patients ≥2 years of age at index date from January 1, 2010 for asplenia and CD, and January 1, 2016 for HIV infection, through March 31, 2018; and MenB uptake among patients ≥10 years of age at index date from January 1, 2015 through March 31, 2018. Current Procedural Terminology and National Drug Codes on medical claims were used to capture vaccinations. For each condition, Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to estimate uptake and time to receipt of ≥1 dose of each vaccine for up to 5 years post-index date; vaccinations within 90 days before the index date were also included in calculations.
Results
Among asplenia patients, the percentage with receipt of ≥1 dose of MenACWY at 1, 2.5, and 5 years post-index date was 6.6%, 9.4%, and 13.3%, respectively; for CD patients the corresponding percentages were 2.2%, 4.8%, and 8.3%; and for HIV patients at 1 and 2.5 years post-index date the percentages were 10.8% and 19.8% (Figure 1). Receipt of ≥1 dose of MenB at 1 and 2.5 years post-index date was 1.7% and 3.1%, respectively, for asplenia patients and 1.1% and 2.5%, respectively, for CD patients (Figure 2).
Conclusion
Uptake of meningococcal vaccines in patients newly diagnosed with high-risk conditions is very low and the time to vaccination is long, leaving patients vulnerable to invasive meningococcal disease for extended periods of time.
Disclosures
All authors: No reported disclosures.
Prescription Claims According to Wellness Program Participation for an Insurance Company in the United States
