Time Trends and Predictors of Acute Gastroenteritis in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 693-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun S. Kim ◽  
Laura Rotundo ◽  
Thayer Nasereddin ◽  
Adaugo Ike ◽  
David Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
The United States

Time Trends of the Prevalence of Acute Gastroenteritis in the United States: A Population-Based Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. S810
Author(s):  
Hyunseok Kim ◽  
Thayer Nasereddin ◽  
Adaugo I. Ike ◽  
Michael Demyen ◽  
Sushil Ahlawat
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study

scholarly journals Genomics Analyses of GIV and GVI Noroviruses Reveal the Distinct Clustering of Human and Animal Viruses

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Ford-Siltz ◽  
Lisa Mullis ◽  
Yasser Sanad ◽  
Kentaro Tohma ◽  
Cara Lepore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Major Capsid Protein ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Structural Proteins ◽  
Full Genome ◽  
Complete Genomes ◽  
Animal Strains ◽  
Canine Norovirus

Noroviruses are highly diverse viruses that are the major viral cause of acute gastroenteritis in humans. Although these viruses can infect multiple mammalian species, their potential for zoonosis is not well understood, especially within Genogroup IV (GIV), which contains viruses that infect humans, canines, and felines. The study of GIV viruses has been, in part, hindered by the limited number of complete genomes. Here, we developed a full-genome amplicon-based platform that facilitated the sequencing of canine noroviruses circulating in the United States. Eight novel nearly full-length canine norovirus genomes and two nearly complete VP1 sequences, including four GIV.2, three GVI.1, and three GVI.2 viruses, were successfully obtained. Only animal strains exhibited GVI/GIV chimeric viruses, demonstrating restrictions in norovirus recombination. Using genomic, phylogenetic, and structural analyses, we show that differences within the major capsid protein and the non-structural proteins of GIV and GVI noroviruses could potentially limit cross-species transmission between humans, canines, and felines.

scholarly journals Molecular and Epidemiologic Trends of Caliciviruses Associated with Outbreaks of Acute Gastroenteritis in the United States, 2000–2004

2006 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenee H. Blanton ◽  
Susan M. Adams ◽  
R. Suzanne Beard ◽  
Gang Wei ◽  
Sandra N. Bulens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals 1099. Antibiotic Prescriptions for Acute Gastroenteritis during Office and Emergency Department Visits–United States, 2006–2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S330-S330
Author(s):  
Jennifer P Collins ◽  
Louise Francois Watkins ◽  
Laura M King ◽  
Monina Bartoces ◽  
Katherine Fleming-Dutra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Care Survey ◽  
Ambulatory Medical Care

Abstract Background Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a major cause of office and emergency department (ED) visits in the United States. Most patients can be managed with supportive care alone, although some require antibiotics. Limiting unnecessary antibiotic use can minimize side effects and the development of resistance. We used national data to assess antibiotic prescribing for AGE to target areas for stewardship efforts. Methods We used the 2006–2015 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey of EDs and National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey to describe antibiotic prescribing for AGE. An AGE visit was defined as one with a new problem (<3 months) as the main visit indication and an ICD-9 code for bacterial or viral gastrointestinal infection or AGE symptoms (nausea, vomiting, and/or diarrhea). We excluded visits with ICD-9 codes for Clostridium difficile or an infection usually requiring antibiotics (e.g., pneumonia). We calculated national annual percentage estimates based on weights of sampled visits and used an α level of 0.01, recommended for these data. Results Of the 12,191 sampled AGE visits, 13% (99% CI: 11–15%) resulted in antibiotic prescriptions, equating to an estimated 1.3 million AGE visits with antibiotic prescriptions annually. Antibiotics were more likely to be prescribed in office AGE visits (16%, 99% CI: 12–20%) compared with ED AGE visits (11%, 99% CI: 9–12%; P < 0.01). Among AGE visits with antibiotic prescriptions, the most frequently prescribed were fluoroquinolones (29%, 99% CI: 21–36%), metronidazole (18%, 99% CI: 13–24%), and penicillins (18%, 99% CI: 11–24%). Antibiotics were prescribed for 25% (99% CI: 8–42%) of visits for bacterial AGE, 16% (99% CI: 12–21%) for diarrhea without nausea or vomiting, and 11% (99% CI: 8–15%) for nausea, vomiting, or both without diarrhea. Among AGE visits with fever (T ≥ 100.9oF) at the visit, 21% (99% CI: 11–31%) resulted in antibiotic prescriptions. Conclusion Patients treated for AGE in office settings were significantly more likely to receive prescriptions for antibiotics compared with those seen in an ED, despite likely lower acuity. Antibiotic prescribing was also high for visits for nausea or vomiting, conditions that usually do not require antibiotics. Antimicrobial stewardship for AGE is needed, especially in office settings. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Time Trends in the Prevalence of Neurocognitive Disorders and Cognitive Impairment in the United States: The Effects of Disease Severity and Improved Ascertainment

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Akushevich ◽  
Arseniy P. Yashkin ◽  
Julia Kravchenko ◽  
Svetlana Ukraintseva ◽  
Eric Stallard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
The United States ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders
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