Ideomotor Apraxia Due to Injury of the Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus

Previous studies suggest that the complexity of fiber connections in the brain plays a key role in the evolutionary process of the primate brain and behaviors. The patterns of brain fiber systems have been studied in detail in many nonhuman primates, but not inSapajussp. Behavioral studies indicated thatSapajussp. (bearded capuchins) show highly cognitive behaviors such as tool use comparable to those in other nonhuman primates. To compare the brain fiber systems in capuchins with those in other nonhuman primates and humans, the intrahemispheric fibers systems in 24 cerebral hemispheres ofSapajuswere dissected by a freezing-thawing procedure. Dissection of the hemispheres in lateral view indicated short arcuate fibers, uncinate fasciculus, and inferior longitudinal fasciculus, while that in a medial view indicated short arcuate fibers, the cingulum united with the superior longitudinal fasciculus, and inferior longitudinal fasciculus. The results showed that the fiber systems inSapajusare comparable to those in rhesus and humans, except for a lack of independent superior longitudinal fasciculus and cingulum inSapajus.

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The plasticity of the superior longitudinal fasciculus as a function of musical expertise: a diffusion tensor imaging study

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/neuro.09.076.2009 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Mathias S. Oechslin

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Imaging Study ◽

Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽

Musical Expertise ◽

Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

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Motor Performance in Aphasia and Ideomotor Apraxia

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1994.79.2.719 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 79 (2) ◽

pp. 719-722 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Naoyasu Motomura

Keyword(s):

Sex Education ◽

Motor Performance ◽

Ideomotor Apraxia ◽

Line Following ◽

Normal Controls

Motor performance in 11 patients with ideomotor apraxia, 11 with aphasia without such apraxia, and 11 normal controls was compared. These three groups were matched on age, sex, education, severity of aphasia, intelligence, and size of lesion. Measures of aiming, tapping, line-following, and steadiness developed by Schoppe in 1974 were used. Both apraxic and aphasic groups showed difficulties with motor performance, and the data of the apraxic group were poorer than those of the aphasic group. These results were consistent with Liepmann's theory.

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Abstract P366: High Burden of Tract-Specific White Matter Hyperintensities Relates to Impaired Microstructural Integrity of Distal White Matter Tracts in Community-Dwelling Elders

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.52.suppl_1.p366 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

YANPENG LIU ◽

YIWEI XIA ◽

XIAOXIAO WANG ◽

YI WANG ◽

LUMENG YANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Executive Function ◽

White Matter ◽

Cognitive Dysfunction ◽

White Matter Hyperintensities ◽

Brain Mri ◽

Mean Diffusivity ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽

High Burden ◽

Microstructural Integrity

Background and purpose: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are common in elderly individuals and contribute to age-related cognitive dysfunction. Converging evidence indicates that WMH affect white matter (WM) microstructural integrity in WMH and their penumbra. We aimed to investigate whether this effect extends to the distal WM tracts, and to examine the association between distal WM microstructural integrity and cognitive dysfunction in community-dwelling elderly people. Methods: Brain MRI data including FLAIR and DTI sequences of 174 participants (74 ± 5 years) of the Shanghai Aging Study (SAS) were collected and analyzed. For each participant, WMH lesions were segmented automatically. Eighteen major WM tracts were reconstructed using automated quantitative tractography, and the mean diffusivity (MD) of distal WM tracts (excluding an area of 12 mm around the WMH) was calculated. Multivariable linear regression was performed. Results: A high burden of tract-specific WMH was related to a high MD of distal WM tracts in the forceps major (FMA), anterior thalamic radiations (ATR), cingulum cingulate gyrus (CCG), corticospinal tract (CST), superior longitudinal fasciculus-parietal (SLFP), superior longitudinal fasciculus-temporal (SLFT), and uncinate fasciculus (UNC). Furthermore, a high MD of distal tracts was linked to worse attention and executive function in the forceps minor (FMI), right CCG, left inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), SLFP, SLFT and UNC. Conclusions: The effect of WMH on the microstructural integrity of WM tracts may propagate along tracts to distal regions farther than the penumbra and eventually might affect attention and executive function.

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Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus

Encyclopedia of Neuroscience ◽

10.1007/978-3-540-29678-2_5750 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 3896-3896

Keyword(s):

Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus

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Apraxia

Early Detection and Rehabilitation Technologies for Dementia ◽

10.4018/978-1-60960-559-9.ch018 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 141-144

Author(s):

Mark Hallett

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer Disease ◽

Early Detection ◽

Frontotemporal Dementia ◽

Tool Use ◽

Multiple Objects ◽

Finger Dexterity ◽

Ideomotor Apraxia ◽

Intended Purpose ◽

Temporal And Spatial

Apraxia is the inability to perform skilled and/or learned movements, not explainable on the basis of more elemental abnormalities. There are several types of apraxia of which the most commonly recognized are (1) limb kinetic apraxia, the loss of hand and finger dexterity; (2) ideomotor apraxia, deficits in pantomiming tool use and gestures with temporal and spatial errors, but with knowledge of the tasks still present; (3) ideational apraxia, the failure to carry out a series of tasks using multiple objects for an intended purpose; and (4) conceptual apraxia, loss of tool knowledge, when tools and objects are used inappropriately. Apraxia can be a feature of both frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer disease, and even a rare presenting manifestation of both. How sensitive apraxia measures would be in early detection is not well known.

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Brain Structure Alterations in Hemifacial Spasm: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

Clinical EEG and Neuroscience ◽

10.1177/1550059420979250 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 155005942097925

Author(s):

Jian Zhang ◽

Qingyang Yu ◽

Peng Gu ◽

Hongtao Sun ◽

Fei Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

Hemifacial Spasm ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Imaging Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽

Activity Dependent ◽

Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study ◽

Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dti

This study examined white matter integrity in patients with left-sided hemifacial spasm (HFS) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Thirty-six patients with left-sided HFS (mean age 53.24 ± 8.16 years) and 36 healthy volunteers (mean age 53.92 ± 7.73 years) were recruited. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis revealed significantly increased fractional anisotropy (FA) of bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus in HFS patients ( P < 0.05, family-wise error corrected), with trends for radial diffusivity to decrease. We inferred that the results may be associated with poor sleep quality, impairment in visuospatial construction, and activity-dependent increases in myelination in HFS patients. Furthermore, the FA value of left superior longitudinal fasciculus showed a positive correlation with HFS duration ( r = 0.352, P = .041) and spasm severity ( r = 0.416, P = .014). However, the alteration of medial diffusivity and axial diffusivity were not found in bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus between groups. These findings suggest FA changes of superior longitudinal fasciculus reflected by TBSS analysis may provide valuable insights into the diagnosis of HFS.

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